吉林省露地用南瓜品种比较试验

为筛选出适于吉林省露地用栽培的菜用南瓜,对引进的5个南瓜品种进行比较试验。结果表明:"谢花面"南瓜具有早熟、高产、优质、较抗白粉病等特性,适合在吉林地区推广。     

氟乐灵诱导南瓜染色体加倍初步研究

以南瓜为试材,通过不同浓度的氟乐灵和秋水仙素进行倍性诱导处理.结果表明,浓度为180 μmol·L-1的氟乐灵具有较好的加倍效果,可以有效代替秋水仙素.和秋水仙素相比,氟乐灵使用的浓度低,价格低廉,效果好,且毒性小,对人和环境比较安全.并用流式细胞仪对南瓜诱导的幼苗进行了倍性分析鉴定.     

配施肥和合理密植对西葫芦制种产量的影响

为给西葫芦制种高产提供科学依据,采用二次回归正交旋转组合设置4个因素5个水平试验,研究了配施氮磷钾肥和合理密植对西葫芦制种产量及因素间互作的影响。结果表明:4项措施不同量综合作用对西葫芦产量影响显著,单因素措施量分别与西葫芦制种产量呈一元二次抛物线关系,氮肥、磷肥和氮肥、密度相互作用对西葫芦制种产量影响均达到显著水平,即互作涉及的两个因素之一的增产效应在另一个因素不同水平间有显著的差异。综合分析表明:本试验条件下,4个因素综合作用经济效益以氮肥量223~249 kg/hm~2,磷肥量152~174 kg/hm~2,钾肥量164~168 kg/hm~2,种植密度量39391~40456株/hm~2时最佳。     

南瓜果胶提取方法及果胶得率与理化特性相关性研究

对南瓜提取果胶前的预处理及3种不同提取方法的效果进行比较,并通过单因素试验对其螯合剂＋超声波＋蛋白酶提取果胶的最佳条件进行了初步研究,并对南瓜果肉、果皮中果胶提取得率与其南瓜理化特性的相关性进行了分析。结果表明：添加2.0 g/L EDTA 0.1%,蛋白酶0.7%,料液比1∶20,温度50℃,pH值4.5,超声提取40 min为最佳提取工艺。南瓜果肉果胶提取得率与水分呈显著负相关（r=-0.615,P〈0.05）,果胶得率与总纤维素呈极显著正相关（r=0.660,P〈0.01）。南瓜果皮果胶提取与果皮水份呈显著负相关（r=-0.641,P〈0.05）,与果皮固形物呈显著正相关（r=-0.638,P〈0.05）。     

中国南瓜自交系的聚类分析

为提高中国南瓜杂交育种中亲本选配的预见性,该试验以48个中国南瓜自交系为材料,以7个重要农艺性状的调查数据为基础,采用欧氏距离和UPGMA法,对其进行聚类分析。结果表明,48个南瓜自交系被聚为4类,类间距离大于类内距离,聚类结果与F1代表现相关,对南瓜杂交育种具有一定的指导意义。     

南瓜降糖功能及其系列食品加工技术

阐述了南瓜在糖尿病辅助治疗方面的功能特性,介绍了南瓜降糖主要制品南瓜全粉、南瓜脆片、南瓜果酱和南瓜肉汁的工艺流程和操作要点。     

Relationship between field and cage assessments for resistance to red pumpkin beetle in summer squash

Summary Significant differences in resistance to the red pumpkin beetle were observed among summer squash lines in both field and cage experiments. Broad sense heritability estimates were 0.87 and 0.78 for field and cage assessments respectively. Significant positive rank (r_s=0.96) and phenotypic (r_p=0.76) correlations were observed. Cage evaluation of red pumpkin beetle resistance may be used with confidence in selection programmes of red pumpkin beetle resistance.     

Dominance of bush growth habit in spaghetti squash (Cucurbita pepo)

Summary Bush and vine habit accessions and their reciprocal F₁s of spaghetti squash (Cucurbita pepo) were compared for various vegetative and reproductive characteristics. Bush habit was dominant to vine. Vine plants produced more leaves, longer internodes, and more male flowers than did bush and F₁ plants. Pistillate flowers developed at lower nodes in bush and F₁ plants than in vine plants. Vine plants produced as much or more vegetative matter than did bush and F₁ plants, but bush and F₁ plants produced more fruits and greater yields than did vine plants.     

Phenotypic and marker‐assisted pyramiding of genes for resistance to zucchini yellow mosaic virus in oilseed pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo)

We report on the identification of phenotypic and molecular markers for genes introgressed into oilseed pumpkin Cucurbita pepo from C. moschata germplasm originating in Nigeria, Portugal and Puerto Rico, which provide resistance against zucchini yellow mosaic virus (ZYMV) and on pyramiding these genes for improved and long‐lasting field protection of oilseed pumpkins. One SCAR and two SSR markers have been found for three dominant resistance genes, Zym‐0, Zym‐1 and Zym‐2. Characteristic reactions to ZYMV inoculation of plants carrying the recessive genes for resistance zym‐4* and zym‐6 have been defined. Described are procedures and results of pyramiding various combinations of these genes in oilseed pumpkin using the three markers and the specific phenotypic reactions to infection of some of these genes. The putative combination of all six resistance genes in one genotype resulted in a resistance that appeared to be at least as strong as or even stronger than that of the resistance source germplasm in C. moschata.     

南瓜籽粕酶法制备血管紧张素转化酶抑制肽工艺优化

用中性蛋白酶水解南瓜籽粕,制备血管紧张素转换酶（angiotensin-converting enzyme,ACE）抑制肽,是南瓜籽粕蛋白深度开发的途径之一。为了探寻南瓜籽粕酶法制备ACE抑制肽的最佳工艺,该文以ACE抑制率为响应值,用响应面分析法研究酶浓度、底物质量浓度和水解时间等因素对酶解产物的ACE抑制活性的影响,优化制备工艺。结果表明,各因素对制备ACE抑制肽的活性具有极显著影响（P<0.001）。获得中性蛋白酶水解南瓜籽粕制备ACE抑制肽的最佳工艺条件为：酶体积分数为4.8%、底物质量浓度为4.0g/100 mL、水解时间为320 min。在此条件下,南瓜籽粕蛋白酶解产物对ACE的理论抑制率最高可达80.0％,验证值为80.56％±0.23%,预测模型可靠性高,可应用于南瓜籽粕ACE抑制肽的酶法制备。通过优化,提高了南瓜籽粕ACE抑制肽的活性。