施氮对高寒区垂穗披碱草饲草生产性能及营养品质的影响

为探究高寒区施氮对垂穗披碱草饲草生产性能和营养品质的影响,本研究以建植第二年的垂穗披碱草(Ely-mus nutans)为研究对象,设置不同施氮处理:即纯氮N0(0 kg·hm-2),N10(100 kg·hm-2),N15(150 kg·hm-2),N20(200 kg·hm-2),N25(250 kg·hm-2),...     

抗菌肽粗提物对肉鸡生长性能、粪便微生物菌群结构及经济效益的影响

为分析抗菌肽粗提物对肉鸡生长性能、粪便微生物菌群结构及经济效益的影响,试验选择体重相近的21日龄白羽肉鸡600只,随机分成4组,每组15个重复,每个重复10只,1组为空白对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验2、3、4组在基础日粮中分别添加1.0％、1.5％、2.0％的抗菌肽粗提物,试验期为21 d.结果表明:(1)试验2、3、4组...     

复合式分离型热管在原油采出液余热回收中的应用

通过蒸汽辅助重力泄油(Steam Assisted Gravity Drainage,SAGD)技术开采稠油时,采出液温度较高,对其进行热回收的节能潜力较高,油田采用热管式换热器回收采出原油的余热,将其作为工业或生活用热具有研究价值。考虑到现场空间要求和工程设备模块化的特点,利用U形管壳式换热器、螺旋板式换热器作为分离型热虹吸热管蒸发段和冷凝段,并建立复合式分离型热管模型,分析其换热性能、循环压降、充液率及换热能力。采用新疆油田油水二次换热区的分离型热管系统验证该模型,结果表明:复合式分离型热管计算模型可行;复合式热管具备U形管壳式换热器、螺旋板式换热器的优点,换热性能强,系统换热能力可以满足实际要求,有较好的环境适应性。     

The effect of depopulation and restocking on reproductive and growth performances on Japanese commercial swine farms

This study compared the reproductive and growth performances of pigs before and after depopulation and restocking after a foot-and-mouth disease outbreak in Japan. Data for the time period before and after depopulation and restocking were obtained from three farrow-to-finish farms. As a result of depopulation and restocking, hygiene levels were improved, and common infectious diseases, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome and Aujeszky’s disease, remained undetected on the farms. Compared with before depopulation, reproductive and growth performances improved after depopulation; the number of total pigs born was higher, the postweaning mortality rate was lower, and the age at slaughter was lower (P<0.05). In summary, depopulation and restocking improved the reproductive and growth performances of pigs.     

Effects of Medium-chain Triglyceride on Growth Performance and Serum Biochemical Indices in Broilers

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of medium-chain triglyceride replacing the soybean oil in the basal diet on growth performance and serum biochemical indices of broilers.One hundred and forty four healthy,similar body weights AA broilers at the age of 14 days were randomly assigned to four groups with six replicates ger group and six broilers per replicate.Groups A,B,C and D were respectively fed with 0,0.6%,1.2% and 2% medium-chain triglyceride substituted the equivalent amount of soybean oil (using corn flour to balance the energy levels in each group) .The test lasted for 28 days and the indexes were measured once every two weeks.The results showed that the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of groups B,C and D were higher than that of group A,and the F/G was lower than group A.The average daily gain of groups C and D at 28 to 42 days old and group D at 14 to 42 days old were significantly higher than that of group A (P < 0.05).The serum glucose,total content of amino acid,total protein and albumin of groups B,C and D at age of 28 and 42 days old were higher than that of group A,while the serum triglyceride,total cholesterol and urea nitrogen levels were lower.The total cholesterol content at 42 days old and triglyceride concentrations at 28 days old of group C were significantly lower than those of group A (P < 0.05).The results indicated that medium-chain triglyceride could raise average daily gain and reduce the total cholesterol content and triglyceride concentrations of broilers,which were useful for improving the growth performance.     

沙地生境不同播期对紫花苜蓿生产性能及其越冬率的影响

为确定科尔沁沙地种植苜蓿（Medicago sativa）的适宜播期，本研究于2017年在内蒙古阿鲁科尔沁旗，选择骑士T、公农1号、擎天柱3个紫花苜蓿品种，7月1日开始播种，每5天播种1期，共10个播期，分析播期、生产性能、越冬率之间的关系。结果表明：建植当年苜蓿播种越晚干草产量越低，骑士T干草产量在7月21日播期显著降低（P<0.05），公农1号干草产量在7月16日播期显著降低（P<0.05），擎天柱干草产量在7月11日播期显著降低（P<0.05）；随播种时期的推迟，苜蓿株高、单枝条重呈降低的变化趋势，单位面积株数和枝条数呈先增加后降低的变化趋势；苜蓿越冬率从播期7月16日开始显著降低，公农1号在7月16日以前播种越冬率显著高于骑士T和擎天柱（P<0.05）；播种翌年第1茬苜蓿干草产量和株高随着播期的推迟而逐渐降低，2，3茬则无明显变化；苜蓿单位面积株数和枝条数都随播期的推迟呈降低的变化趋势，随着刈割茬次的增加，苜蓿的株数逐渐降低。因此，在科尔沁沙地种植紫花苜蓿最佳播期为7月1日—7月16日。     

生产力发展与农村居民消费观念的变迁

介绍了我国农村地区生产力水平的发展现状,2004年中央惠农政策实施以来,农村地区生产力水平得到了迅速提升,主要表现在：农村劳动力文化素质的大幅度提升;农业生产机械的保有量不断增加;生产管理和决策水平不断提高。分析了生产力发展对农村居民消费观念变迁的推动作用：夯实了农村居民消费观念改变的物质基础;改善了农村居民的消费结构;提高了农村居民消费的社会化程度。提出了培育农村地区新的消费热点的对策建议：引导农村居民树立起现代消费理念;加大政策扶植力度;引导农村居民树立健康消费理念。     

12份燕麦品种在阿鲁科尔沁旗地区的生产性能研究

【目的】筛选适宜内蒙阿鲁科尔沁旗地区种植的燕麦品种。【方法】对12份燕麦(Avena sativa)品种的生育期、草产量、茎叶比、营养特性等进行测定和分析,并运用灰色关联度分析法对各品种的生产性能进行综合评价。【结果】12份供试燕麦品种均能在阿鲁科尔沁旗地区完成整个生育期,表现出较好的适应性,生育期为83～94 d,其中枪手的生育期最短(83 d),爱沃的生育期最长(94 d)。贝勒二代和牧王的株高均达到100 cm以上。枪手、贝勒二代和牧王的干草产量较高,分别为9.99,8.69和8.59 t/hm~2。贝勒二代的茎叶比最低(1.12),适口性最好;美达的茎叶比最高(3.19)。爱沃和贝勒二代的粗蛋白含量(质量分数)较高,分别为12.20%和11.90%;太阳神、贝勒二代和领袖的中性洗涤纤维及酸性洗涤纤维含量较低,领袖和贝勒二代的相对饲喂价值较高。灰色关联度分析表明,综合评价排在前2位的燕麦品种为贝勒二代和牧王,其加权关联度分别为0.838 2和0.799 1。【结论】燕麦品种贝勒二代和牧王综合表现最好,适宜在阿鲁科尔沁旗地区推广种植。     

Evaluation on Tolerance of Montmorillonite as a Mycotoxin Adsorbent

In order to study the tolerance dose of Kunming mice to montmorillonite as a mycotoxin adsorbent in diets,the experiment selected 60 healthy male Kunming mice with initial average body weight of (17±0.12)g,randomly divided them into 5 treatments with two replicates per group and 6 mice per replicate.Five experimental diets were added to 0 (control group),0.5%,1%,2% and 5% montmorillonite,respectively.After 30 days,the growth performance,nutrients apparent digestibility,serum biochemical indices and internal organization were tested to determine the tolerance dose of montmorillonite for Kunming mice.The results showed that the ADFI was significantly increased in 0.5% group (P< 0.05),while there were no significant differences in ADFI and ADG between 1% group and control group (P> 0.05),then the ADFI was significantly decreased with the increasing of montmorillonite supplemental level (P< 0.05).The ADG in 2% group had no significant difference when compared with the control group (P> 0.05),while significantly lower than that in 0.5% and 1% groups (P< 0.05).The apparent digestibility of DM,CP and EE showed no significant effect at any level of montmorillonite (P> 0.05).Serum ALT,AST activities and MDA content were gradually increased with the montmorillonite supplemental level increasing,and that in 1%,2% and 5% groups were significantly higher than that in control group (P< 0.05),but there were no significant differences between 0.5% group and control group (P> 0.05).Tissue sections showed that mice livers were damaged in varying degrees when the montmorillonite supplemental level was 5%.In conclusion,based on a comprehensive consideration of all indexes,it could be seen that the tolerance dose of the tested montmorillonite for Kunming mice was between 0.5% and 2% when mycotoxin contents in diets were in security range.