液力变矩器性能测试系统及提高测试精度研究

建立了一套基于工业PC微机的变矩器试验数据自动采集与处理系统，论述了硬件组成结构、数据采集、传输方式及数据处理软件的功能，并对提高测试系统精度的方法进行了研究。某一新开发的液力变矩器试验结果表明，该系统运行方便、快捷，测试计算结果准确、可靠。本研究可为提高一般国产试验设备的测试能力及测试精度提供一些借鉴。     

谷物收获超声波流量计的前期研究

以多普勒法的谷物收获超声波流量计为研究对象,进行谷物收获系统和超声波流量计的前期研究.超声波流量计是利用流体对超声波的影响来测量流量的仪表,传统的测量原理一般为时间差法,测量精度低,只能对液体或者气体进行流速测量;而采用多普勒测量法则可以达到更高的测量精度,并且尝试对谷物(固体)的流速进行测量.     

用于内燃机数据采集与处理的虚拟仪器技术开发

基于虚拟仪器技术,以数据采集卡及计算机为主要硬件平台,利用图形化编程语言LabVIEW编程,设计出内燃机数据采集与处理系统。研究结果表明该系统运行可靠,人机界面友好,操作使用方便,且便于用户扩展功能,实现了较高的性价比。该系统的开发成功对于加快内燃机试验进程以及深入开展科学研究具有重要意义。     

水分亏缺对覆膜玉米生长发育及产量的影响

通过系统的覆膜玉米亏水灌溉试验 ,研究了不同生育期内不同程度的水分亏缺对覆膜玉米生长发育、光合作用、产量及水分利用效率等的影响。结果表明 ,拔节期受旱对玉米株高及叶面积指数影响最大 ,抽雄后的水分亏缺对玉米生长发育影响不明显。各处理产量资料表明 ,覆膜春玉米的需水临界期为抽雄开花期 ,此期轻度的水分亏缺可造成产量大幅度下降 :灌浆期较抽雄开花期玉米产量对水分亏缺敏感程度低 ,但在这个阶段的水分亏缺也可使玉米减产 ;拔节期玉米产量对水分胁迫敏感程度较差 ,该阶段为对玉米进行水分亏缺处理的适宜时期     

不同节水灌溉技术的节水机理试验研究

根据甘肃省特殊自然地理条件，对于喷灌、滴灌、渗灌及波涌灌几种方式下，小麦和玉米两种作物的灌溉节水机理进行了对比试验研究，分析了不同节水灌溉方式下这两种作物的节水性和生育动态。试验结果表明，在降雨、灌溉水量和前期土壤特性一定的情况下，在喷灌、滴灌、渗灌及波涌灌几种节水灌溉技术中，渗灌的节水性最好，依次为滴灌、喷灌、波涌灌。小麦和玉米在渗灌条件下产量比滴灌、喷灌和波涌灌都高，小麦渗灌产量比滴灌增加7．6％，比喷灌增加13．1％，比波涌灌增加22．4％。玉米渗灌产量比滴灌增加1．3％．比喷道增加6．3％。     

排种器性能检测中种子位置智能检测方法

根据基于计算机视觉的排种器性能检测的特点，提出了基于神经网络的种子位置智能检测方法。采用两个光轴互相垂直的摄像机监测投种规律，并把以矩法求取的质心图像坐标作为输入节点，构造检测种子质心实际坐标的两个神经网络，并行处理左右两幅图像，从而快速求得种子位置。实践表明，此方法不仅能求出种子位置，而且可全面监测种子的运动情况。     

中南地区甜玉米丰产栽培技术

本文从土地选择、品种选择、怖种与育苗、田间管理、病虫害防治、适时收获等六个方面,总结了中南地区甜玉米的丰产栽培技术.     

Effect of drying on soil strength and corn emergence

Summary Laboratory studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of drying on soil strength and corn emergence (Zea mays L.). Corn was germinated in Billings silty clay under a bank of heat lamps which operated 9, 14, 19, or 24 h per day. Soil strength (modules of rupture), soil moisture content and emergence were measured daily.The relationship of soil strength to corn seedling emergence as influenced by the four light and heat durations and bare and mulched soil surfaces was determined. As soil strength increased emergence decreased until it ceased at soil strengths of about 80 kPa. Strength of this soil had a high negative correlation with soil water content and increased with time. Mulching decreased initial rate of drying, decreased crust strength, and improved corn emergence. The 14-hour light and heat treatment resulted in the highest corn emergence.Contribution from Colorado State Experiment Station, USDA-ARS Snake River Conservation Research Center, and USDA-ARS Fort Collins, respectively     

The effect of salinity on corn yield using the CERES-maize model

In most cases, when calculating soil water availability, only thewater content is considered. The effect of salinity on the wiltingpoint is neglected. The objective of this work is to use asimulation model (CERES-maize) in order to predict cornyields as a function of water salinity under severalenvironmental, agrotechnical, and plant characteristics. A modelis presented in which the wilting point is a function of the soilsalt content. At high salinity, the water content at wilting pointis higher than at low salinity, resulting in an insufficient amountof available water and, therefore, a reduced yield. The modelwas used to simulate several theoretical and experimentalsituations for forage corn and grain corn. Simulation resultsshowed that nitrogen fertilization increases the salinity thresholdvalue and the yield sensitivity (rate of yield reduction per unitof salinity). The also showed that forage corn is more sensitiveto salinity than grain corn. If the soil is not leached, a heaviersoil texture has a higher salinity threshold value. On the otherhand, if the soil is leached, the soil texture has no influence onthe salinity threshold value and the yield is less sensitive tosalinity in sandy soils. The determination coefficient (r²= 0.75) indicated that the results of the simulations were in goodagreement with the field data.     

数字图像处理技术在棒材计数中的应用

利用数码相机获取棒材端面的图像，通过对图像格式转化、灰度化处理得到灰度图像，再进行平滑处理抑制噪声、锐化处理突出目标、选择合适的闻值转换为二值图像，然后进行形态学腐蚀操作去掉棒材之间的粘连，最终得到分割效果较好的图像，为后续棒材的计数奠定了基础。