加工番茄品种对比试验初报

2003年,从屯河公司引进了8个加工番茄品种进行品比试验,观察、测量、记载各品种生育期、经济性状、产量以及抗病性,从中初步筛选出了几个有示范推广价值的加工番茄新品种。     

广东菜用大豆周年连续播种试验研究

在处于华南热带四季大豆区的广州进行露地周年(每批间隔7—10天)连续播种菜用大豆，试验表明：在≥10℃的有效积温超过1600℃、有效光照时数高于280小时均可播种，植株生长正常，田间播期以3月中至9月底为好。其中春播至收获R6—R7青荚需70天左右，株产、品质和售价较高；夏播至收获青荚需60天左右，株产、品质和售价较低；秋播至收获青荚需75天左右，株产、品质和售价最高。     

不同有机酸对加工番茄种子萌发的化感效应

采用发芽试验研究了前人从番茄内检测出的3种有机酸对加工番茄种子萌发及胚根生长的化感效应。结果表明:邻苯二甲酸、苯甲酸和肉桂酸均抑制了加工番茄不同品种种子的萌发,表现在萌发率、胚根长较对照均有所降低,差异达到显著或极显著,而且随有机酸浓度的增加,这种抑制程度也逐渐增强。通过3个加工番茄品种种子的萌芽率和胚根长度综合来看,3种有机酸对加工番茄品种新引98-1的抑制作用最强,其次是里格尔87-5和新番4号,这可能和种子本身的抗性有关。     

紫菜加工研究进展

紫菜营养丰富,是天然的保健食品。主要分析了紫菜产品的加工现状及加工过程中存在的问题,并对紫菜加工有所展望。     

大豆重迎茬减产的原因及农艺对策研究--重迎茬大豆根与根际环境的化学调控

通过生长调节剂、施用化肥、应用杀虫剂、杀菌剂等化学措施调节根际微生态环境、促进根的生长、增强根的各种功能,可以减轻重迎茬种植的不利影响,提高重迎茬大豆的产量。     

Autologous processed plasma: cytokine profile and effects upon injection into healthy equine joints

This experimental controlled study was performed to evaluate the composition of autologous processed plasma (APP), and the effects of APP intra-articular injection into healthy equine metacarpophalangeal joints. The effects on joints were analysed with a short-phase protocol and a prolonged-phase protocol using saline-injected joints as controls. For the short protocol, horses received one intra-articular APP injection. Synovial fluid samples were collected prior to the injection and 3, 6, 24, 48, and 16 h after treatment. For the prolonged protocol, the joints received three weekly injections of APP, and samples were collected at 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28 days before APP administration. IL1-ra level was found to be increased in APP compared to plasma. Upon intra-articular administration of APP, transient (up to 24 h) increases in white blood cell (WBC) counts along with elevated protein and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) concentrations were observed in the treated joints. Over the 28-day observation period, APP did not elicit changes relative to baseline levels, but WBC counts, PGE₂ and chondroitin sulphate concentrations were lower than those found in the control. In conclusion, APP intra-articular injection induced a mild and transitory inflammatory response but no inflammation reaction was observed over a longer period of treatment and observation.     

解淀粉芽孢杆菌B1619对加工番茄幼苗促生及培育壮苗的影响

【目的】研究解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B1619对加工番茄幼苗促生和苗期病害防控的综合作用,为培育壮苗,提供绿色的管理技术。【方法】采用室内穴盘育苗试验,分别用基质拌药和苗期喷雾法,研究解淀粉芽孢杆菌B1619对加工番茄幼苗生长的促进作用,以及对苗期病害的预防作用,研究其促生和防病的效果。【结果】各处理的出苗率达到稳定状态,呈现出现先抑制后促进的生长态势。1∶150出苗率最好、1∶100次之,1∶200出苗率较差,拌土法比喷雾法对番茄株高的促生作用更强。以1∶150拌土对番茄茎粗的促进作用最强。不同拌土量处理的叶绿素含量与对照之间具有极显著性差异,叶绿素含量比对照增加7.68%~10.20%,拌土法对幼苗猝倒病具有较强的预防作用,1∶150和1∶200拌土发病率只有0.00~0.08%。【结论】解淀粉芽孢杆菌B1619能够改善加工番茄育苗穴盘的土壤生态环境,施用后土壤蓬松,对番茄根系和幼苗的生物量比对照有显著性增加;叶片颜色较深,叶绿素含量增加。能够提高番茄免疫力,增强抗病性,对加工番茄幼苗猝倒病具有较强的预防作用。     

加工番茄全自动耐压测定仪的设计与性能评价

【目的】研究设计并制造一款新型加工番茄果实全自动耐压力测定仪。【方法】以不同品种的新鲜加工番茄果实为试材,分析对测定仪的制造工艺及开展耐压试验的重要性,并比较不同仪器用以验证该仪器的性能。【结果】石番45、亨氏3501与其它4种加工番茄相比品质较高,耐压性较好(13.58 mm/个);单果测定耐压力会受到果实果型指数、单果重、果肉厚度等的影响;全自动耐压测定仪可以准确记录耐压力值及变形值的变化过程,且果实破裂瞬间呈现明显变化,数据清晰且精密度高;测定1次即可得到某品种果实平均耐压力;测试范围宽(0~5 000 N),测试行程远(0~140 mm),运行速度可调节(0~200 mm/min无级变速)。【结论】耐压力测定仪不受环境影响,数据精密度高;可有效用于测定不同品种加工番茄耐压力大小,测定效率高;操作简单、经济实用。     

Limiting amino acids in raw and processed amaranth grain protein from biological tests

Amino acid supplementation studies with young rats were carried out using raw and processed amaranth grain (A. cruentus) of dark- and cream- or light-colored seeds. The results of various studies repeatedly indicated that threonine is the most limiting amino acid in raw and processed, dark and cream-colored grain. Protein quality as measured either as NPR or PER was improved by threonine addition alone or with other amino acids and decreased liver fat to values similar to those measured with casein. This finding contradicts the reports that state that leucine, determined by chemical score, is the most limiting amino acid. Leucine addition alone or with other amino acids did not improve protein quality. The study confirmed cream-colored grain to be nutritionally superior to dark grain and that properly processed grain, light- or dark-colored, has higher protein quality than raw grain.INCAP Publication I-1525     

渍水胁迫对不同大豆品种叶片细胞超微结构的影响

本文是研究渍水胁迫对“宝交８３－５０２９”和“克８１１８”大豆品种叶片细胞超微结构影响的首次报道。随着渍水胁迫强度的增加,“宝交８３－５０２９”耐水性状逐渐显露,叶片由黄转绿。叶绿体,线粒体,过氧物酶体数量增加,饱满,活性增强。而“克８１１８”耐水性状较差,叶片萎蔫失绿。线粒体肿胀,内嵴消失,呈现空状,叶绿体膜被硕大的淀粉粒胀破。