早熟棉花新材料叶绿素含量的变化规律

选用生产上推广的早熟棉花新品种中棉所50、中棉所64为对照,研究了早熟棉花新材料不同生育时间叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素a+b含量和叶绿素a/b值的变化规律.结果表明,在整个棉花生育期,不同材料的叶绿素a含量、叶绿素b含量、叶绿素a+b舍量和叶绿素a/b值的变化规律相似.叶绿素a含量表现为现蕾期最高,从现蕾期到开花期下降,并降到最低,然后又上升,在花铃期达到高峰,然后下降;叶绿素b含量和叶绿素a+b含量表现为整个棉花生育期呈现单峰曲线,但是不同材料有差异;叶绿素a/b值的变化规律为现蕾期最高,然后下降,开花期和结铃期先是维持较低的水平,然后升高.     

抗苗勒管激素、IL-21联合性激素检测在预测卵巢早衰中的诊断价值

目的 探讨血清抗苗勒管激素（AMH）、白细胞介素-21（IL-21）联合性激素检测在预测卵巢早衰（POF）中的诊断价值。方法 采用回顾性方法,选取我院2014年7月-2016年7月妇科病区收治的168例确诊POF的患者作为观察组,另选同时期100例月经周期、基础内分泌均正常的育龄健康体检妇女作为对照组。用放射免疫法测定抗苗勒管激素、IL-21,用化学发光的方法测定性激素六项。结果 观察组POF患者的血清抗苗勒管激素水平、雌二醇E2水平明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;IL-21升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;卵泡生成激素FSH、黄体生成激素LH较对照组明显升高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,而孕酮P、睾酮T、泌乳素PRL无显著性差异（P>0.05）。结论 抗苗勒管激素随着年龄增长而逐渐下降,是卵巢早衰的敏感指标,IL-21在POF观察组明显升高,可能与自身免疫有关,联合性激素检测,可提高POF的预测和诊断价值。     

Effects of monoglycerides on pasting properties of wheat starch after repeated heating and cooling

The effects of repeated heating and cooling on the properties of pastes prepared from a commercial wheat starch (Triticum aestivum L.) with added monoglycerides were studied using a Rapid Visco Analyser (RVA). The nanostructure of the freeze-dried pastes was determined by X-ray diffraction and small-angle X-ray scattering. Pastes prepared from the wheat starch alone, or from the starch mixed with tripalmitin, which does not form complexes with starch, produced regular viscosity profiles in the RVA when subjected to multiple heat-cool cycles. In comparison, the effects of adding monoglycerides (or monoacylglycerols) depended on the chain length and saturation of the fatty acid of the monoglyceride. Repeated heat-cool cycles in the RVA of the starch with different monoglycerides induced the formation of complexes of varying stability that influenced the viscosity trace of the paste during multiple heating and cooling cycles. Small-angle X-ray scattering in combination with X-ray diffraction proved useful in describing the nanostructural changes in the RVA pastes induced by monoglycerides and temperature cycling. The results indicate that the functional properties of starch pastes may be manipulated through the strategic selection of an added monoglyceride.     

长株潭城市群低碳交通发展探究

全球变暖趋势进一步加剧,低碳发展模式已成为世界共识。交通业作为能源消耗主要部门及温室气体排放的重要来源,必然要走低碳化发展道路。分析长株潭城市群交通发展存在的问题,提出要优化交通体系结构、推动低碳交通技术的创新、引导居民健康出行、加强国际间交流与合作等发展对策,最终实现城市交通的低碳发展。     

深松对玉米早衰的调控作用

早衰严重影响玉米的产量和品质,解决玉米早衰问题已成为当前广大农业工作者研究的重点。结合目前生产中存在的犁底层深厚这一现状,从根系与地上部分的关系,深松对土壤蓄水量、土壤容重、根际微生物和酶活性的影响及根系生长发育等方面,综述了深松打破犁底层对延缓衰老调控作用的进展,并对今后如何从栽培和耕作学角度来研究玉米早衰问题进行了展望,以期为解决生产中玉米早衰问题提供帮助。     

紫甘蓝花色苷及其复合体的抗炎活性研究

为了探究紫甘蓝花色苷—3-二糖-5-D-吡喃葡糖苷矢车菊素(cyanidin-3-diglcoside-5-glcoside,Cy)及其复合体对鼠源单核-巨噬细胞RAW264.7的抗炎活性,首先采用紫甘蓝花色苷碱水解产物中的Cy为原料,模拟天然蓝花中结构相对稳定的花色苷复合体存在形式,与芦丁(rutin)及2种不同金属离子(Mg~(2+)和Fe~(3+))构建5种Cy复合体;然后通过建立脂多糖(LPS)诱导的鼠源单核-巨噬细胞RAW264.7炎症模型,评价Cy复合体构建前后对Cy抗炎活性的影响。结果表明,Cy可以显著性抑制RAW264.7细胞上清液中NO释放及细胞内炎症相关基因iNOS、IL-1β、IL-6和TNF-α的mRNA的表达(P0.05)。在构建的复合体中,与Cy相比,Cy-Fe~(3+)、Cy-rutin-Fe~(3+)、Cy-Mg~(2+)和Cy-rutin-Mg~(2+)复合体的抗炎活性均显著提高(P0.05)。其中,Cy-Mg~(2+)和Cy-rutinMg~(2+)复合体的抗炎活性高于Cy-Fe~(3+)和Cy-rutin-Fe~(3+)复合体,而Cy-Mg~(2+)复合体的抗炎活性最强。由这些结果可以得出Cy及其复合体均具有显著的抗炎活性,且Cy复合体的抗炎活性高于Cy。Cy复合体有望开发成为一种新型食品添加剂,辅助干预炎症反应及其引起的相关疾病。     

棉花铃叶比与红叶茎枯病发生的关系

 为了明确棉花库源比(铃叶比)变化对红叶茎枯病发生的影响,揭示红叶茎枯病的病因,本研究开展了多项试验。试验结果显示,棉株的病害严重度与其铃叶比呈高度正相关。早熟品种开花期早,铃叶比高,病害发生重;盛蕾期以前的气温对棉花生长和红叶茎枯病发生的作用大于土壤水分的作用。与常温处理相比,提高棉花3叶期至盛蕾期的气温,可促进棉花的营养生长,减小库源比,其发病盛期延后约45 d,病情指数平均减少72.9%,棉花生物学产量平均提高123.8%;去蕾和推迟打顶均可降低棉花铃叶比,减轻病情,以去全蕾处理的作用最为明显;叶面喷施甲哌鎓可提高棉花铃叶比,利于病害发生。因此,铃叶比失调是红叶茎枯病的主要病因;开花期以前棉花代谢源(叶)的生长量决定着病害发生的时间和严重度。     

Sorption of iron‐cyanide complexes on goethite investigated in long‐term experiments

The iron‐cyanide complexes ferrocyanide, [Fe^II(CN)₆]^4–, and ferricyanide, [Fe^III(CN)₆]^3–, are anthropogenic contaminants in soil. We investigated their sorption on goethite, α‐FeOOH, in batch experiments in a time range from 1 d to 1 yr, their desorption by phosphate and chloride as well as their surface complexes on goethite by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The sorption of both complexes continued over the whole time range. Percent desorption of ferricyanide by phosphate decreased, whereas that of ferrocyanide increased until it amounted to approximately 87% for both complexes. By FTIR spectroscopy inner‐sphere complexation of both complexes on the goethite surface was indicated. With both complexes, a Berlin‐Blue‐like layer (Fe₄[Fe(CN)₆]₃) was formed initially on the goethite surface which disappeared with increasing reaction time. After at least 30 d reaction time, ferricyanide was the only sorbed iron‐cyanide complex detected even when ferrocyanide was initially added. This resulted from slow oxidation of ferrocyanide, most probably by dissolved oxygen. Based on all results, we propose that ferricyanide forms monodentate inner‐sphere complexes on the goethite surface.