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11.
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We tested whether a ‘Lockerbraunerde’ from the heights of the Zittauer Gebirge in Eastern Saxony exhibited andic properties and classified it according to the rules of the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB, 1998). To achieve this, we characterized a selected soil by means of routine soil analysis; selective dissolution procedures; X‐ray diffraction (XRD); X‐ray fluorescence (XRF), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). We used field criteria (Thixotropy; NaF‐field test) to obtain a map of the spatial distribution of soils with potential andic properties. We found that the soil fulfilled all requirements to be classified as an Andosol. The composition of the colloidal phases was exactly intermediate between sil‐andic and alu‐andic. At the same time, the soil had a spodic horizon [determined through the depth function of the Alo+½Feo criterion]. As there was no indication of vertical translocation of metal‐organic complexes, but sufficient evidence to suggest the downward movement of mobile Al/Si‐phases, we maintain to classify the soil as an Endoskeleti‐Umbric Andosol and propose the existence of a pedogenetic pathway intermediate between Podsolisation and Andosolization. We conclude that the spodic horizon in the WRB is not well defined because of the dominance of the Alo+½Feo criterion over morphological evidence. We further suggest the German soil taxonomy to be modified to better represent soils containing short range order minerals. 相似文献
13.
Lettuce is a cool season crop susceptible to physiological disorders when exposed to supra optimal temperatures. Genotype (G) by environment (E) interaction (GE) of rib discolouration, tipburn, premature bolting and ribbiness in crisphead lettuce was characterized under high temperature and long day growing conditions. Replicated data of 10 crisphead lettuce varieties from two plantings in each of four growing seasons at two locations in Quebec were analysed using the GGE biplot method. Head-weight-over-stem-length ratio, ribbiness, rib discolouration incidence and tipburn incidence were affected (P = 0.00001) by E, G and GE. E explained more variation in head-weight-over-stem-length ratio (77.1%) and rib discolouration incidence (77.3%) than G and GE, whereas GE explained more variation (72.4%) in tipburn incidence and G explained more variation (38%) in ribbiness. Strong crossover GE was detected with rib discolouration and tipburn incidence, but not with head-weight-over-stem-length ratio and ribbiness. Under heat stress, varieties of the Vanguard group had lower ribbiness than those of the Great Lakes group. Cultivar 'Estival' showed consistent resistance to bolting, ribbiness, tipburn and rib discolouration across all E. 相似文献
14.
鲁南砂姜黑土及其有机无机复合体中无机磷的组成和分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用石灰性土壤无机磷分级法研究了不同肥力砂姜黑土无机磷的组成与分布。结果表明,砂姜黑土及其有机无机复合体中无机磷以磷酸=钙盐和闭蓄态磷酸盐为主,分别占无机磷总量的27%-48%和26%-37%。土壤无机磷中的C2-P,Ca8-P,Al-P,Fe-P均与速效磷存在着显著的正相关,并且随着土壤肥力水平的提高,其含量亦随之增加。土壤无机磷主要集中分布于〈5μm粒级的有机无机复合体中,各种形态无机磷的含量 相似文献
15.
In the present study the specifically13C-enriched lignin precursors of biosynthesis (i.e., coniferin-[side chain–13C], coniferin-[side chain-–13C] and coniferin-[side chain-–13C]) were synthesized and administered exogeneously to ginkgo shoots (Ginkgo biloba L.) to obtain13C-enriched lignin-carbohydrate complexes (LCCs). The specifically13C-enriched LCCs were isolated from the newly formed xylem of ginkgo shoots administered with the13C-enriched precursors and degraded by enzymes. Lignin-rich fractions, so called enzyme-degraded LCCs (EDLCCs), were obtained. By determining their13C-NMR spectra, information related to the chemical structure of lignin building units and linkages between phenylpropane units of lignin and carbohydrates were obtained. It was found that these precursors were incorporated in natural lignin successfully. Three lignin-carbohydrates linkages (i.e., ether type, ester type, ketal type) were found at the C
-position of the side chain of phenylpropane units in ginkgo LCC. No lignin-carbohydrate bond at the C- or C-position of the lignin side chain was observed in the13C-NMR spectra of the13C-enriched LCCs. This fact indicates that a specific13C tracer technique can be useful in NMR study of the chemical structure of LCCs.Part of this paper was presented at the 5th Pacific Polymer Conference, Kyongju, Korea, October 1997 相似文献
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17.
In vivo, resumption of oocyte meiosis occurs in large ovarian follicles after the
preovulatory surge of luteinizing hormone (LH). The LH surge leads to the activation of a broad signaling
network in mural granulosa cells equipped with LH receptors. The signals generated in the mural granulosa
cells are further augmented by locally produced peptides or steroids and transferred to the cumulus cell
compartment and the oocyte itself. Over the last decade, essential progress has been made in the
identification of molecular events associated with the final maturation and ovulation of mammalian oocytes.
All new evidence argues for a multiple roles of mitogen-activated protein kinase 3/1 (MAPK3/1) in the
gonadotropin-induced ovulation processes. However, the knowledge of gonadotropin-induced signaling pathways
leading to MAPK3/1 activation in follicular cells seems limited. To date, only the LH-induced transactivation
of the epidermal growth factor receptor/MAPK3/1 pathway has been described in granulosa/cumulus cells even
though other mechanisms of MAPK3/1 activation have been detected in other types of cells. In this review, we
aimed to summarize recent advances in the elucidation of gonadotropin-induced mechanisms leading to the
activation of MAPK3/1 in preovulatory follicles and cultured cumulus-oocyte complexes and to point out a
specific role of this kinase in the processes accompanying final maturation of the mammalian oocyte. 相似文献
18.
粒子群优化算法(PSO)源于对鸟群捕食系统的模拟,是近年来被广为关注和研究的一种智能优化算法。PSO算法属于进化算法的一种,比遗传算法(GA)更简单易实现,且没有交叉和变异操作,需要设定的参数也不多,收敛速度快。目前已广泛应用于函数优化、神经网络训练、模糊系统控制以及其他遗传算法等领域。目前PSO的研究主要集中在算法本身和算法的应用研究两个方面。 相似文献
19.
Effects of grape seed extract on meat color and premature browning of meat patties in high-oxygen packaging 下载免费PDF全文
YANG Xiao-yin XU Bao-chen LEI Hong-mei LUO Xin ZHU Li-xian ZHANG Yi-min MAO Yan-wei LIANG Rong-rong 《农业科学学报》2022,21(8):2445-2455
This study investigated the effects of grape seed extract(GSE) on fresh and cooked meat color and premature browning(PMB) in ground meat patties(85% beef and 15% pork back fat) packaged under high-oxygen modified atmospheres(HiOx-MAP). The GSE was added to patties at concentrations of 0, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 g kg–1. This study evaluated the surface color, pH, lipid oxidation, and total viable counts(TVC) of raw patties, and the internal color and pH of patties cooked to a tempera... 相似文献
20.
A Solatium tuberosum dihaploid that proved to be a 2n pollen producer, exhibited two types of meiotic abnormality involved in 2n pollen formation: premature cytokinesis at prophase II and parallel/tripolar spindles in meiosis II. For this reason such a dihaploid was preferentially used as a seed parent in crosses with the diploid species S. tarijense, S. sanctae-rosae, and S. phureja. Diploid interspecific hybrids were evaluated for male fertility, for 2n pollen production and stability over three years and for meiotic nuclear restitution mechanisms. Pollen stainability ranged from 6 to 85% and 2n pollen from 5 to 35% among hybrids. The meiotic mechanism generating 2n pollen was that of spindle abnormality in meiosis II and consequent dyad/triad formation. High correlation was found between fused/parallel spindles and dyads. 相似文献