高职学校畜牧兽医专业实验室管理

为了加强高职院校实验室管理,通过制订和完善实验室管理制度,如实验室技术人员管理、仪器设备的采购和实验用药品的管理、对学生的管理、创新实验项目的实验室管理、实验室网络平台和实验室对外技术服务的管理、病原微生物的保存与处理、病死动物的无害化处理、实验室应急事件处理等措施,实现统筹规划和资源共享,培养学生的实验兴趣,使学生初步掌握畜牧兽医专业实验研究的基本方法和实验操作的基本技能,促进实验室的科学化、规范化、制度化的管理,以达到全面提升学生实践操作技能的目的。     

草业科学专业本科生“科研助理”培养模式探索——以甘肃农业大学为例

人才培养是高校的根本使命,新时期不断创新办学理念,探索新型培养模式,对全面实施素质教育,提高教育质量至关重要。根据甘肃农业大学本科生"科研助理"培养模式,结合草业科学专业的特点,分析了"科研助理"培养模式及其宗旨,介绍了几种"科研助理"培养模式的常用方法,阐述了各种方法的优缺点和应用情况,还就其运行机制和实施情况等进行了说明,最后探讨了存在的一些问题及其保障措施。旨在加强本科生"科研助理"培养模式的培养效果,为高校草业科学专业与其他专业人才培养提供参考。     

TRANSFORMATION OF AGRICULTURE ON THE LOESS PLATEAU OF CHINA TOWARD GREEN DEVELOPMENT

● Agriculture on Loess Plateau has transformed from food shortage to green development. ● Terracing and check-dams are the key engineering measures to increase crop yields. ● Agronomic measures and policy support greatly increased crop production. ● Increasing non-agricultural income is a key part of increasing farmers’ income. ● Grain for Green Program had an overwhelming advantage in protecting environment. Loess Plateau of China is a typical dryland agricultural area. Agriculture there has transformed from food shortage toward green development over the past seven decades, and has achieved world-renowned achievements. During 1950–1980, the population increased from 42 to 77 million, increasing grain production to meet food demand of rapid population growth was the greatest challenge. Engineering measures such as terracing and check-dam were the crucial strategies to increase crop production. From 1981 to 2000, most of agronomic measures played a key role in increasing crops yield, and a series of policy support has benefited millions of smallholders. As expected, these measures and policies greatly increased crop production and basically achieved food security; but, low per capita GDP (only about 620 USD in 2000) was still a big challenge. During 2001–2015, the increase in agricultural and non-agricultural income together supported the increase in farmer income to 5781 USD·yr^–1. Intensive agriculture that relies heavily on chemicals increased crop productivity by 56%. Steadfast policy support such as “Grain for Green Program” had an overwhelming advantage in protecting the natural ecological environment. In the new era, the integration of science and technology innovations, policy support and positive societal factors will be the golden key to further improve food production, protect environment, and increase smallholder income.     

高校图书馆信息素质教育的思考

本文论述了信息素质的内涵及特征,分析了高校图书馆开展信息素质教育的优势及存在的问题,并对如何开展信息素质教育提出了一些有效措施.     

高职兽医专业实践教学体系的构建

对高职兽医专业实践性教学体系中存在的问题及模型构建的目的进行了介绍.以期使学生的动手能力和解决生产实践中存在问题的能力以及组织生产能力得到提高,同时把加强实践教学环节作为提高教学质量的重要手段进行研究和探索,从而在强化实践教学环节中逐步建立起适合高职兽医专业的实践教学体系.     

浅析野生动物保护中的公众参与

野生动物是自然生态系统的重要组成部分,也是社会经济科研文化发展的重要资源。公众已成为影响野生动物保护管理工作开展的重要因素,关注公众对野生动物保护的参与情况具有重要现实意义。首先阐述了公众参与在野生动物保护管理工作的重要作用,参与实践中已经产生的积极作用、负面影响,参与形式的多样化,以及参与不当可能导致对野生动物保护管理的危害;其次从宣传教育工作不足和公众保护管理工作参与机制缺位等两大方面探析了导致公众参与对保护管理工作构成负面影响的成因;最后提出了更新宣传教育理念,优化宣传教育工作手段,创新参与机制等对策建议,以引导和吸引公众正确参与野生动物保护管理工作,发挥更为积极和显著的作用。     

品性教育与人的全面发展

“品性”即道德,品性教育既是个人要求,也是社会责任,其目的在于促进人的全面发展。社会主义的品性教育应在吸收古今中外优秀的品性教育的经验基础上,坚持以马克思主义的人的全面发展观为指导,明确品性教育在人的全面发展中的地位与作用,努力探索一条有中国特色的社会主义品性教育之路。     

Longitudinal study of veterinary students and veterinarians: effects of growing up on a farm with animals

OBJECTIVE: To compare the career paths of veterinarians who had grown up on farms with animals with those of veterinarians from other backgrounds, during the first 15 years after they graduated. PROCEDURE: Questionnaires were completed by veterinary students in their first and fifth year, and after 1, 5, 10 and 15 years after they graduated. The most recent questionnaires were returned by 134 of 137 graduates, 20% of whom had grown up, or lived for at least two years, on farms where animals were a primary source of income. This paper includes findings from that questionnaire but also contains comparisons with previous ones. RESULTS: Fifteen years after they graduated, veterinarians who had grown up on farms with animals were more likely than those of other backgrounds to be living in centres with < 10,000 people (58% farm, 20% other), irrespective of the type of work they were doing. Although they were more likely to be doing no veterinary work (42% farm, 21% other), they were also more likely to be working in mixed practice (15% farm, 9% other) and with cattle and sheep generally (11% full time equivalent farm, 5% full time equivalent other). However, > 80% of those who had started their careers in mixed practice were no longer in mixed practice after 15 years. Veterinarians of farm origin who were in private practice were more likely to be sole or part owners (93% farm, 46% other) and less likely to be employees (7% farm, 54% other). CONCLUSIONS: In this study, veterinarians who had grown up on farms with animals seemed slightly more likely than those from other backgrounds to continue working in mixed practice and to work with cattle or sheep, although the numbers were small and the differences not significant. Whatever their background, the majority who started their careers in mixed practice left over the next few years, and by 15 years only 15% remained.     

努力提高文化生产力意识

文化生产力在当代社会不仅已经成为综合国力的构成要素之一,而且也是衡量一个国家,一个地区综合竞争能力的重要标志。因此我们要努力提高文化生产力意识,加强综合竞争能力。     

高职双语教学初探

随着中国加入WTO,双语教学就成为实现培养既精通专业知识又精通外语的高素质、能力强的人才的重要途径之一。本文结合对机械工程类高职生进行双语教学的实践,提出了双语教学的一些适宜的教学途径和方法以及对提高双语教学质量的建议。