2株猪流行性腹泻病毒的分离鉴定及ORF3基因的克隆与序列分析

为研究、防控广东地区猪流行性腹泻,首先通过RT-PCR法确定某猪场粪便样品中存在猪流行性腹泻病毒,随后利用Vero细胞进行盲传,最后经核酸类型鉴定、RT-PCR、病毒TCID50的测定、目的基因测序和序列分析等方法,确认分离到2株猪流行性腹泻病毒毒株,命名为PEDV GDKP-2013和PEDV GDKP2-2013,通过ORF3全基因核苷酸序列分析可知,GDKP-2013株与GDKP2-2013株与经典参考毒株的氨基酸序列一致性为 JX261936-CHGD-01,98.2%,98%;JQ039903-CH-GD-2011,98.6%,98.4%;AF353511-CV777,95.4%,95.1%;KC344845-STPED0810,95.1%,94.8%;EU054929-DR13,95.5%,95.2%;KF272920-USA-Colorado-2013,95.1%,94.8%,表明此2毒株与国内分离株的氨基酸同源性高,与韩国、泰国和美国分离株的氨基酸同源性要低一些,同时,与疫苗参考株的氨基酸同源性也相对较低;基因系统进化分析可知,GDKP-2013株与GDKP2-2013株主要处在Ⅰa分支,均与弱毒疫苗株（Ⅰb分支）相互之间遗传进化关系较远。     

重组猪表皮生长因子对早期断奶仔猪生长性能的影响

本试验旨在研究重组猪表皮生长因子(porcine epidermal growth factor,p EGF)对早期断奶仔猪生长性能的影响。选用21日龄断奶三元杂交(杜×长×大)健康仔猪160头,按体重相近、性别比例相同原则随机分成4组,即高档教槽料+500μg/kg p EGF组(GE组)、高档教槽料对照组(GD组)、中档教槽料+500μg/kg p EGF组(ZE组)、中档教槽料对照组(ZD组),每组4个重复,每个重复10头仔猪。试验期为10 d。结果表明:1)GE组平均日增重显著高于GD组(P<0.05),比GD组提高了6.29%;ZE组平均日增重极显著高于ZD组(P<0.01),比ZD组提高了17.08%;2)GE组平均日采食量与GD组无显著差异(P>0.05),ZE组平均日采食量显著高于ZD组(P<0.05),比ZD组提高了4.91%;3)GE组料重比显著低于GD组(P<0.05),比GD组降低了4.31%;ZE组料重比显著低于ZD组(P<0.05),比ZD组降低了10.37%;4)GE组腹泻率比GD组降低了57.14%;ZE组腹泻率比ZD组降低了38.46%。由此可见,饲粮添加p EGF提高了饲料转化率,降低了料重比和腹泻率,从而显著改善断奶仔猪生长性能,降低增重成本。     

百色市高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒抗体检测结果分析

为评估百色市猪群高致病性猪繁殖与呼吸综合征（HP-PRRS）免疫效果,2012年—2013年在66个规模养猪场和249个农村散养户分别采集猪血清样品465份和644份,使用间接 ELISA 检测 HP-PRRSV 抗体,结果显示,现2012年 HP-PRRSV 抗体平均阳性率为68．02％,2013年 HP-PRRSV 抗体平均阳性率为75．32％;HP-PRRSV 一免抗体平均阳性率为63．91％,二免抗体平均阳性率为83．60％;HP-PRRS 灭活苗免疫抗体平均阳性率为75．42％,HP-PRRS 弱毒苗免疫抗体平均阳性率为70．86％。说明2013年 HP-PRRSV 抗体平均阳性率高于2012年,二免的抗体平均阳性率高于一免;HP-PRRS 灭活疫苗的初步使用效果良好。     

Enhancing mucosal immunity in mice by recombinant adenovirus expressing major epitopes of porcine circovirus-2 capsid protein delivered with cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides

A recombinant replication-defective adenovirus expressing the major epitopes of porcine circovirus-2 (PCV-2) capsid protein (rAd/Cap/518) was previously constructed and shown to induce mucosal immunity in mice following intranasal delivery. In the present study, immune responses induced by intranasal immunization with a combination of rAd/Cap/518 and cytosine-phosphate-guanosine oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODN) were evaluated in mice. The levels of PCV-2-specific IgG in serum and IgA in saliva, lung, and intestinal fluids were significantly higher in the group immunized with rAd/Cap/518 and CpG ODN than animals immunized with rAd/Cap/518 alone. The frequencies of IL-2-secreting CD4⁺ T cells and IFN-γ-producing CD8⁺ T cells were significantly higher in the combined immunization group than mice immunized with rAd/Cap/518 alone. The frequencies of CD3⁺, CD3⁺CD4⁺CD8^-, and CD3⁺CD4^-CD8⁺ T cells in the combined immunization group were similar to that treated with CpG ODN alone, but significantly higher than mice that did not receive CpG ODN. PCV-2 load after challenge in the combined immunization group was significantly lower than that in the phosphate-buffered saline placebo group and approximately 7-fold lower in the group treated with CpG ODN alone. These results indicate that rAd/Cap/518 combined with CpG ODN can enhance systemic and local mucosal immunity in mice, and represent a promising synergetic mucosal vaccine against PCV-2.     

A simplified one-step nuclear transfer procedure alters the gene expression patterns and developmental potential of cloned porcine embryos

Various somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) techniques for mammalian species have been developed to adjust species-specific procedures to oocyte-associated differences among species. Species-specific SCNT protocols may result in different expression levels of developmentally important genes that may affect embryonic development and pregnancy. In the present study, porcine oocytes were treated with demecolcine that facilitated enucleation with protruding genetic material. Enucleation and donor cell injection were performed either simultaneously with a single pipette (simplified one-step SCNT; SONT) or separately with different pipettes (conventional two-step SCNT; CTNT) as the control procedure. After blastocysts from both groups were cultured in vitro, the expression levels of developmentally important genes (OCT4, NANOG, EOMES, CDX2, GLUT-1, PolyA, and HSP70) were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Both the developmental rate according to blastocyst stage as well as the expression levels CDX2, EOMES, and HSP70 were elevated with SONT compared to CTNT. The genes with elevated expression are known to influence trophectoderm formation and heat stress-induced arrest. These results showed that our SONT technique improved the development of SCNT porcine embryos, and increased the expression of genes that are important for placental formation and stress-induced arrest.     

2株猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的分离、鉴定及遗传进化分析

Two strains of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome viruses (PRRSV) were isolated from serum of some pig farms in Guangdong province and showed PRRSV positive in RT-PCR testing. The two viruses could passage stably and cause typical cenotaphic effect, they were named as LZ-GD and LB-GD. The analysis of variable region sequences of ORF5 and Nsp2 of the two viruses showed that LZ-GD and LB-GD strains were far to Europe strain Lelystad, the homology of nuclear nucleotide sequence were 63.5% and 63.8%, respectively, with classic American strain VR-2332 were 88.7% and 89.1%, respectively, and that with highly pathogenic JXA-1 strain were 99.2% and 99.3%, respectively. There were 30 amino acids deletion in Nsp2. It shared the deletion with JXA-1, HUN4 and other pathogenic variant. Thus, the two strains of PRRSV belonged to highly pathogenic American type.     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒核衣壳蛋白与糖蛋白的表达纯化及鉴定

In order to gain nucleocapsid protein （N） and glycoprotein （E） of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus （PRRSV）, the total RNA was extracted,ORF7 and ORF5 genes were obtained by RT-PCR, inserted into pET-28a(+) vector, and then transformed into Escherichia coli BL21（DE3）,respectively. The expressed products were identified by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting, and purified by affinity chromatography. The results showed that N and E fusion protein were successfully expressed and the proteins had good reactionogenicities by Western blotting analysis. The purities of the purified proteins were 89% and 90%, respectively. This study could lay foundations for molecular biological function research and establishment of test methods for detection antibodies of PRRSV.     

猪脂肪诱导转录物的克隆与组织分布

本试验研究了猪脂肪代谢的重要功能基因——脂肪诱导转录物(FIT)。根据Genebank提供的电子延伸序列和内标β-actin基因序列设计引物,分别以脂肪和肌肉组织mRNA为模板,经反转录和PCR反应,克隆得到了FIT1基因和FIT1mRNA3’UTR区。对测序结果进行序列分析表明,猪FIT1基因的cDNA序列,全长为1 310bp,ORF为400~1 272bp,编码290个氨基酸。同源分析结果表明,猪FIT1基因与Genebank上已登录的牛、人、大鼠和小鼠的核酸序列同源性分别为93.2%、92.1%、87.4%和88.1%,氨基酸序列的同源性分别为96.6%、97.2%、94.8%和95.5%。在此基础上,进一步研究了组织分布,显示结果为在肌肉和脂肪组织FIT1有明显分布,而在其它组织分布量很低。     

Myristic Acid （MA） Promotes Adipogenic Gene Expression and the Differentiation of Porcine Intramuscular Adipocyte Precursor Cells

Intramuscular fat （IMF） content is considered to be a key factor that affects the marbling, tenderness, juiciness and lfavor of pork. To investigate the effects of myristic acid （MA） on the differentiation of porcine intramuscular adipocytes, cells were isolated from longissimus dorsi muscle （LDM） and treated with 0, 10, 50 or 100μmol L-1 MA. The results showed that MA signiifcantly promotes the differentiation of intramuscular adipocytes in a dose-dependent manner. MA also led to a parallel increase in the expression of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ（PPARγ） and adipose-related genes, such as glucose transporter 1 （GLUT1）, lipoprotein lipase （LPL）, adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 （FABP4/aP2）, fatty acid translocase （FAT）, acetyl-CoA carboxylaseα（ACCα）, adipose triglyceride lipase （ATGL） and fatty acid synthase （FASN）. However, no signiifcant effects of MA were observed on the expression of CAAT enhancer binding protein-α（C/EBPα） or hormone sensitive lipase （HSL）. The expression of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 （PDK4） was increased by MA during the early stages of differentiation （day 1-3）. In addition, MA also increased the absolute content of C14 （P〈0.001） and saturated fatty acids （SFA） （P〈0.05） to varying degrees, but no effects were observed on other fatty acids. These results suggest that MA might be able to enhance the IMF content of pork and increase the accumulation of myristic and myristoleic acid in muscle, which might have beneifcial implications for human health.     

具有抗氧化活性的猪血浆蛋白酶解产物的制备及理化特性

为系统考察酶解时间、酶种类和酶加入的顺序对猪血浆蛋白酶解产物抗氧化性的影响,采用风味蛋白酶、碱性蛋白酶及双酶(风味蛋白酶,碱性蛋白酶不同的加入顺序)在各自最适条件下对猪血浆蛋白进行酶解,并研究酶解产物的功能特性。结果表明:0~120min内,随着酶解时间的延长,水解度升高,各酶解产物的抗氧化性均有所增强;60~180min内,双酶酶解产物的清除DPPH自由基的能力、亚铁离子螯合能力和还原力显著高于单酶酶解产物(P0.05);90~150min内,先加碱性蛋白酶后加入风味蛋白酶酶解的酶解产物的水解度、清除DPPH自由基能力和还原力显著高于先加风味蛋白酶酶解后加入碱性蛋白酶酶解的酶解产物(P0.05);具有较高抗氧化性的酶解产物在不同pH条件下均有较好的溶解性和热稳定性;溶解性均在90%以上。