石榴汁花色苷热稳定性及其降解动力学研究

为了对石榴汁花色苷热降解的动力学进行了了解,测定了不同温度对石榴汁花色苷含量、色差的影响.结果表明,石榴汁花色苷对热不稳定,其色品指数a*.(Hunter a*)值随加热时间和温度升高呈下降趋势,而色品指数b*(Hunterb*)值呈上升趋势:石榴汁花色苷降解符合动力学一级反应,其反应活化能E0为52.67 kJ/mol,反应常数K0为6.37×106,得出了石榴汁花色苷降解的预测模型.经验证,模型与实测值拟合较好,表明该模型是合理的.     

石榴冻害研究进展及防控技术

石榴冻害在中国北方时有发生,冻害类型可分为深秋突然降温型冻害、冬季低温型冻害、春季倒春寒型冻害。简述了冻害危害、发生原因及抗寒性评价,归纳总结了栽培管理、品种选择、适地适树栽植、设施保护地栽植等技术对冻害的防控效果,提出从品种筛选、品种审定、防控体系构建等方面的对策建议。     

新疆喀什甜石榴采后生理与贮藏保鲜技术

论文研究了喀什甜石榴采后生理,并用6种处理探讨了贮藏保鲜技术。对不同处理的石榴,贮期测定了可溶性固形物含量、还原糖含量、可滴定酸含量、抗坏血酸含量。以鲜切石榴皮为材料,测定了单宁含量、抗坏血酸氧化酶活性、过氧化物酶活性,并对不同保藏期石榴果皮褐变指数﹑商品果率进行了测定。结果表明,喀什甜石榴采后用质量分数为4.5% 的TBZ（噻苯咪唑）粉剂用量5 g/m3熏蒸1.5 h,然后用厚度为0.02 mm的塑料袋单果包装,在温度为(2±1)℃、相对湿度为85%～90%的冷库中贮藏120 d,商品果率90%以上,贮后果皮色泽鲜艳,酸甜适口,具有较高的商品价值。     

石榴皮提取物与壳聚糖处理对鲜切红富士苹果冷藏品质的影响

研究了1%壳聚糖溶液(T1)、3%石榴皮提取液(T2)、1%壳聚糖+3%石榴皮提取物复合液(T3)浸泡2 min后(以无菌蒸馏水浸泡作为对照,ck)鲜切红富士苹果的硬度、原果胶含量、褐变度、总酚含量、多酚氧化酶活性的变化,并对冷藏过程中的鲜切苹果进行感官评价。结果表明,T3处理的鲜切红富士苹果较其他处理能更好地减缓果实硬度、原果胶含量、褐变度、总酚含量的降低趋势,保持较低的多酚氧化酶活性。感官评价结果认为T3处理的鲜切苹果感官品质最佳。     

Morpho-pomological and chemical properties of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) cultivars in Iran

This study was conducted to investigate the physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of five pomegranate fruit (Punica granatum L.) cultivars grown in Iran. Significant differences were found among the pomegranate cultivars for many of the properties studied. Results showed that, in particular, fruit diameter ranged from 63.63 mm (Syah) to 79.29 mm (Rabab), fruit volume from 153.3 cm³ (Syah) to 293.3 cm³ (Rabab), and fruit density from 0.93 g cm^?3 (Rabab) to 1.13 g cm^?3 (TorshSefeed). Although Syah showed the lowest fruit weight (144.8 g), fruit yield (8.28 ton ha^?1), and fruit skin thickness (1.55 mm), Rabab had the highest fruit yield (27.1 ton ha^?1) and fruit skin thickness (2.32 mm). Juice volume was found to vary between 61.1 and 67.0 cm³. Percent of aril ranged from 59.64% (Rabab) to 75.3% (Syah) and weight of aril between 108.9 and 199.8 g. Also, results indicated that titratable acidity content varied from 0.39% (Syah) to 1.13% (TorshSefeed). The total soluble solids content varied from 12.67 ?Brix (TorshSefeed) to 15.67 ?Brix (ZardehAnar), pH values from 3.05 to 3.77, Electrical conductivity values from 2.8 to 3.14 dS m^?1_, and vitamin C content from 59.25 to 69.52 mg 100 g^?1. The anthocyanin content was observed to vary between 80.36 (Syah) and 216.97 (ZardehAnar). The antioxidant activity of pomegranate cultivars ranged from 27.24% (Syah) to 84.04% (TorshSefeed). These results demonstrated that the cultivar was the major factor which influences the morpho-pomological and chemical (especially, antioxidant activity) properties of pomegranates.     

多效唑对突尼斯软籽石榴开花结实的影响

为了避开不利气象因素,促进张家界地区石榴开花结果,以突尼斯软籽石榴为材料,分别于头年夏季、春季萌芽期、春季展叶期对结果树进行了多效唑喷施试验。结果表明:喷施多效唑可以抑制突尼斯软籽石榴的营养生长;在春季展叶时喷施对增加枝梢径粗、缩短枝长和延后花期的效果最好;多效唑降低了突尼斯软籽石榴的坐果率,但能提高植株完全花数量达1~3倍,因此喷施多效唑仍能提高树体的坐果数量。     

石榴果皮对蛋仔公鸡生长性能影响

以石榴果皮为材料,选用体重相近1日龄海兰白健康的蛋仔公鸡144只,采用单因素试验设计,随机分成4个组,分别为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,每组3个重复,每个重复12只。各组都饲喂基础日粮,将石榴果皮熬成煎剂于仔鸡饮水中添加,第Ⅰ组添加0.5%石榴皮煎剂,第Ⅱ组添加1.0%石榴皮煎剂,第Ⅲ组添加1.5%石榴皮煎剂,第Ⅳ组只饲喂基础日粮。试验的预试期3 d,正试期42 d,从而研究石榴果皮对蛋仔公鸡生长性能的影响。测量日采食量、平均体重、日增重和料重比、翅长(去羽)、小腿直径。结果表明:不同剂量的石榴皮添加剂都能不同程度地提高蛋仔公鸡的平均体重、日增重(P<0.05),降低了蛋仔公鸡的料重比(P<0.05),其中以添加1.0%的效果最佳;石榴皮对蛋仔公鸡的翅长(去羽)、小腿直径影响不显著(P>0.05)。     

石榴新品种‘红宝石’

 ‘红宝石’石榴是从‘大红袍’栽培群体中选出的中熟优异芽变新品种。成熟时果皮大红色,平均单果质量487.5 g,最大675.0 g,平均百粒质量38.8 g,可食率（出汁率）68%,含可溶性固形物14.8%,可溶性总糖12.98%,维生素C 40.6 mg · kg^-1,可滴定酸0.30%。高产,抗旱,耐瘠薄。     

我国石榴的研究开发现状及发展展望

近年来,石榴因其在食用、药用、观赏、绿化、工业等方面的迅速发展而引起了人们的广泛关注。分别对石榴根、石榴叶、石榴皮、石榴汁、石榴籽的研究开发现状进行分析总结,并对石榴未来发展的前景作出展望,旨在为我国石榴研究开发和产业化发展提供参考。     

Effect of Chitosan-Gelatin Composite and Bi-Layer Coating Combined with Pomegranate Peel Extract on Quality Properties of Belanger’s Croaker (Johnius Belangerii) Stored in Refrigerator

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of chitosan-gelatin coating with two different methods (composite and bi-layer) in combination with pomegranate peel extract (PPE) on the microbiological (mesophilic bacteria, psychrotrophic bacteria, and Enterobacteriaceae) and chemical (total volatile bases-nitrogen (TVB-N), pH, thiobarbituric acid (TBA), and free fatty acid (FFA)) properties of Belanger’s croaker (Johnius belangerii) fillets during refrigerated storage (4 ± 1°C). In this study, composite coating (CC), bilayer coating (BC), CC+PPE, and BC+PPE led to 6.88, 7.00, 6.52, and 6.32 log₁₀ CFU/g reduction in mesophilic bacteria, 6.67, 7.02, 5.35, and 4.21 log₁₀ CFU/g in PTC and 2.99, 2.71, 2.37, and 2.41 log₁₀ CFU/g, compared with control sample for 16 days storage time, respectively. Chitosan-gelatin coating enriched with PPE has retarding effects on spoilage of fish samples, thus extending the shelf life during refrigerated storage. The quality characteristics of croaker treated with chitosan-gelatin coating combined with PPE were better than those treated by chitosan-gelatin coating or PPE alone during the storage, exhibiting that there is a synergistic effect between chitosan-gelatin coating and PPE. The bi-layer coating was better than one composite coating in combination with PPE in reducing lipid oxidation of fillets.