石榴园节肢动物群落多样性与其它指标间关系的通径分析

对怀远县石榴园节肢动物群落以通径分析方法分析总群落及各亚群落中多样性与其它生态学指标之间的关系.结果表明,总群落中均匀度J与多样性H'关系密切,除直接作用外,丰富度指数R、物种数S、优势集中性C、优势度d均通过其对多样性产生影响;天敌亚群落中优势集中性C对多样性作用较大;非天敌亚群落优势集中性C、丰富度R、优势度d均是影响该亚群落多样性的重要因素.     

豫南丘岗地区石榴丰产栽培技术

近年来,豫南丘岗区石榴产业发展迅速,但是在引种建园时存在着品种混杂、盲目引种、建园质量差、管理粗放、技术跟不上、病虫害严重、产量低等问题。针对上述问题,首先从品种选择入手,围绕高标准建园、提高栽培管理质量,整理出一套适宜豫南丘岗区石榴生长的栽培管理措施。     

不同石榴品种的花粉量和花粉生活力比较

以13个石榴品种为试材,测定不同石榴品种的花瓣数、花药数、单花药花粉量及花粉的生活力,研究不同测定方法、贮藏温度对花粉生活力的影响。结果表明:不同石榴品种花朵各指标间无明显相关性;石榴花粉在含有100、200、300 g/L蔗糖的培养基中萌发能力不同,300 g/L蔗糖质量浓度下萌发率最高;悬滴液发芽法测得的花粉生活力值较联苯胺染色法低,采用悬滴液发芽法测定13个品种花粉萌发率为32.2%~98.6%,其中,峄城软籽、大红甜、新疆大籽花粉萌发率高,分别为98.6%、92.9%、92.0%,采用联苯胺染色法测得多个品种花粉染色率达100%;所有供试石榴品种花粉生活力室温贮藏5 d后全部失活,4℃条件可有效延长石榴花粉贮藏时间至20 d。     

峄城石榴产业比较优势测算及地域对比分析

运用2005～2012年的数据,测算出峄城石榴产业的效率比较优势指数、规模比较优势指数、效益比较优势指数和综合比较优势指数,并与峄城周围其他地区的石榴产业进行比较优势对比分析,总结峄城石榴产业的比较优势发展状况。结合实际情况,发现土壤环境恶化、劳动力不足、品种结构混杂是造成峄城石榴产业比较优势下降的主要原因,对此提出了加大科研投入、鼓励农户以合作社方式生产、石榴的集约化生产等措施来提升峄城石榴产业的比较优势。     

灌喂石榴汁对大鼠体重及粪便和盲肠中鞣花酸、尿石素A含量的影响

目的通过给SD大鼠灌喂石榴汁,研究其体重增加和粪便及盲肠内容中鞣花酸及尿石素A含量,为深层次研究鞣花酸及尿石素A的生物学作用提供数据支持。方法选择24只平均体重为（169.08±7.88）g的雄性SD大鼠,随机分为3组,每组8只,分别为对照组、试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组。在相同日粮基础上,试验Ⅰ组大鼠每天每只灌喂1.5 mL石榴汁,试验Ⅱ组大鼠每天每只灌喂3.0 mL石榴汁,并获取大鼠体重数据及采集粪便及盲肠内容物样品。结果①试验Ⅱ组大鼠日增重显著（P<0.05）高于对照组,比对照组高36.32%;②灌喂石榴汁显著（P<0.05）增加大鼠粪便鞣花酸和尿石素A的含量;③灌喂石榴汁后,试验Ⅰ组和试验Ⅱ组大鼠盲肠中鞣花酸和尿石素A的含量均极显著（P<0.01）高于对照组。结论给大鼠灌喂石榴汁可以显著提高大鼠体重,显著或极显著提高大鼠粪便和盲肠内容中鞣花酸和尿石素A的含量,且灌喂3 mL/（只·d）效果最佳。     

提高石榴坐果率及不同负载量对果实横径、单果重的影响初报

[目的]提高喀什噶尔甜石榴坐果率、增大单果重及果实横径,以增加其商品性.[方法]以6年生喀什噶尔甜石榴为试材,调查春季施肥、花期喷施不同药剂和不同负载量对石榴坐果率、平均单果重、果实横径的影响.[结果]GA3可显著提高坐果率,高于CK 29.0;以上,不同浓度GA3以20和30 mg/L表现最好;GA3与花蕾保、硼砂、磷酸二氢钾及CK之间差异显著.8种施肥组合对头茬花坐果率影响差异不显著;施肥组合a、A可显著提高二茬花的坐果率,分别较CK高5.37;和6.00;.不同负载量对果实横径及单果重的增大效果均为20＞30＞40(果),单株留20、30与40果的果实横径间差异显著,3种留果量的单果重之间无差异.单株留20、30果的单果重均在400 g以上,达到一级优质果.8种施肥组合对单果重的影响无差异.[结论]花期喷施20 和30 mg/L的GA3可显著提高坐果率;施肥组合a、A可显著提高二茬花的坐果率;3种负载量对单果重和果实横径的增大效果依次为20＞30＞40(果).     

36 个石榴（Punica granatum L.）品种的品质测定

对云南省蒙自县石榴品种园中来源于全国石榴产区的 36 个石榴（Punica granatum L.）品种, 在相同栽培条件, 相同树龄, 均达到成熟的果实进行可溶性糖含量、 有机酸含量、 可溶性固形物含量、 籽粒硬度等指标进行测定与分析。 结果表明： ‘天红蛋’ 等 29 个石榴品种中达到优良, 适合在蒙自栽培发展; ‘净皮甜’ 等 9 个品种适合作为水果鲜食类在当地栽培; ‘酸绿籽’ 等 8 个作为有机酸含量高的酸石榴品种, 适合作为药用类在当地栽培。 结果为当地石榴栽培品种的选择奠定了基础。     

石榴果实生长与主要环境因子的相关性研究

通过定期对临潼净皮甜石榴纵横径测定分析,发现套膜袋石榴果实生长呈双"S"曲线,果实净生长有2个高峰,且净生长量与气象因素变化呈正相关,平均气温和降水量对膜袋果实净生长量的影响大于相对湿度的影响;膜袋石榴果实生长Logistic方程为:y=272.821+e245-0.031x。     

Proteolytic and Sensory Changes During Marination of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Flesh in Pomegranate Juice

Suitability of pomegranate juice (PJ) alone or mixed with acetic acid versus acetic acid control solution, a traditional fish marinating media, was investigated in this research. With that purpose, rainbow trout fillets were marinated for 12 days at 4°C in one of three different marinating solutions: 100% acetic acid solution (AAS), 50% acetic acid/50% pomegranate juice solution (AAPJS), and 100% pomegranate juice solution (PJS). Moisture content and pH value of rainbow trout flesh decreased, whereas fat, protein, ash, and salt contents increased at the end of the marinating process for all treatments (p < 0.05). Fish flesh marinated in solution containing PJ had darker, more red and lower yellow color values due to migration of color components from the PJ (p < 0.01). Traditionally marinated fish flesh had the highest total free amino acid amount (p < 0.01) due to a higher level of proteolytic breakdown under the low pH condition, which could be seen on sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis image. This treatment also had higher sensory scores than those of fish marinated in solution containing 50% or 100% PJ. In addition, fish marinated in AAPJS and PJS solution had firmer texture and sweeter taste compared to that of marinated in AAS.     

Efficacy of mating disruption technique against carob moth,Apomyelois ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in pomegranate orchards in Southeast Turkey (Şanlıurfa)

Carob moth, Apomyelois (=Ectomyelois) ceratoniae Zeller (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) is a key pest in pomegranate orchards in Southeast of Turkey. The pest causes significant damage and reduces marketability of fruits, and is difficult to control with insecticides. Therefore, it is imperative to develop environmentally sound effective alternative management approaches. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the mating disruption technique and determine the appropriate application dose for the management of the pest. The study was carried out in Central and Suruç districts of ?anl?urfa province (Turkey) in 2011 and 2012. SPLAT EC (Specialized Pheromone-Lure Application Technology) trade named dispenser containing 2% Z7, E9-11-dodecatrienyl formate pheromone mimic was applied at 500, 625 and 750 g/ha in three pomegranate orchards in each district. Results indicated that mating disruption technique significantly reduced the pest populations. But effectiveness of the method was less in terms of the damage rate on fruits. Pheromone applied at 500 g/ha was not effective. However, application at 625 g/ha reduced the pest populations to an acceptable level. Thus, the concentration could be considered an appropriate dose for the less abundant pest population within integrated pest management while higher population would require combining the mating disruption method with a bio-insecticide.