双峰驼妊娠早期外周血浆中孕酮和雌二醇含量的变化及妊娠诊断

本试验用放射免疫分析测定了妊娠早期母驼外周血浆中孕酮、17β—雌二醇的含量,并根据本试验的资料对应用血浆孕酮浓度进行早期妊娠诊断的方法作了分析.结果表明,母驼妊娠早期孕酮水平在配种后第4天开始升高,怀孕头一个月内的峰值为10.59±8.43ng/ml;配种当天17β—雌二醇的水平为12.11±4.44pg/ml,第2天降为8.39±8.92 pg/ml(n=8),但第4天又回升到配种当天的水平,这种现象在其它动物少见。根据配种后第16天的血浆孕酮水平进行妊娠诊断,检出妊娠的准确率达100%。判定标准为1.0ng/ml,即≤1.0ng/ml 者为未孕。>1.0ng/ml 者为怀孕。     

甘肃高山细毛母羊血浆中雌二醇和孕酮的含量变化

选用6只甘肃高山细毛周岁母羊,于5月30日～9月20日采集血样,用RIA方法进行血浆中雌二醇、孕酮激素含量的测定分析。结果表明:乏情期雌二醇的平均值为(7.42±4.69)pg/mL,7月17日达到第一个峰值(16.81±7.03)pg/mL,P<0.05,8月11日达到第二个峰值(9.82±1.37)pg/mL,P<0.05;孕酮的平均值为(0.26±0.08)ng/mL,7月9日达到峰值(0.5±0.3)ng/mL,P<0.05,波动周期在15d左右;发情后24h雌二醇的平均值为(9.76±2.4pg/mL),孕酮的平均值为(0.76±0.21)ng/mL。     

“乳炎康注射液”消除奶牛乳房炎致病菌对β-内酰胺类耐药性的研究

[目的]研究"乳炎康注射液"对奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌耐药性的消除作用。[方法]观察奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌对氨苄青霉素等5种β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性,并通过筛选耐药菌,研究"乳炎康注射液"对其耐药性的消除作用。[结果]奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌对先锋霉素V高敏,对羧苄青霉素比较敏感,对氨苄青霉素、阿莫西林、青霉素G的敏感性低,并且产生了不同程度的耐药性。经"乳炎康注射液"感触后,奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌对β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药率明显下降,且原来敏感药物的抑菌圈扩大了1.2~2.3 mm。[结论]"乳炎康注射液"对奶牛乳房炎主要致病菌对β-内酰胺类抗生素的耐药性有一定的消除作用。     

猪FSHβ亚基基因的研究进展

从生物学作用、基因结构、多态性及其与经济性状的关系方面阐述了被认为是控制猪产仔数候选的基因FSHβ亚基基因研究进展。     

RATIO OF CALCIUM TO MAGNESIUM INFLUENCES BIOMASS,ELEMENTAL ACCUMULATIONS,AND PIGMENT CONCENTRATIONS IN KALE

Producers use elemental ratios, such as calcium (Ca): magnesium (Mg), in fertility programs to ensure sufficient nutrient uptake. Kale (Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala D.C.) accumulates high levels of carotenoids which can be beneficial for human health. Objectives were to determine the influence of Ca:Mg fertilization on 1) biomass, 2) essential nutrients, and 3) carotenoids in kale leaf tissues. ‘Redbor’ kale was greenhouse-grown in solution culture. Ca:Mg ratio treatments were 9:1, 6:1, 3:1, 1:3, 1:6, and 1:9. Ca:Mg ratio significantly affected biomass, nutrient accumulation, and carotenoids. Plant biomass decreased linearly (P ≤ 0.001) and β-carotene, lutein, neoxanthin, and antheraxanthin all increased, then decreased quadratically (P ≤ 0.001) as the ratio of Ca:Mg changed from 9:1 to 1:9. Ca:Mg ratio also affected leaf tissue Ca, Mg, potassium (K), sulfur (S), boron (B), manganese (Mn), molybdenum (Mo) and zinc (Zn). Results indicate that producers wishing to maximize elemental uptake and carotenoid content of kale need to consider the ratio of Ca:Mg in their fertility programs.     

Effects of radiation from P32 on development of rice seedlings

Since the discovery of radioactivity, its effects upon living organisms have attracted many people's interest and attention, and paticularly, since the appearance of the atomic bomb, it has raised very important problems in various fields¹). In connection with this, radioactive isotopes have been found to be very useful and important tools for investigation and research in the fields of Biology and Agriculture.     

Microbial distribution and function across wheat rhizosphere with oxamide and ammonium sulfate as N sources

Analysis of the effect of slow-releasing N fertilizers on microbial parameters of the rhizosphere soil is essential for their effective use. This investigation revealed the comparative effects of oxamide and ammonium sulfate as different N sources on some selected microbial parameters as well as the pH in the rhizosphere of wheat (Triticum aestivum cv. Nourin No. 61). The study was conducted on a Japanese upland alluvial soil using a rhizobox system. In the central compartment (CC) of the rhizoboxes treated with oxamide and ammonium sulfate, four wheat seedlings were grown for 53 d. In either of the treatments, the pH of the rhizosphere soil increased with the increase in the distance from the CC. In contrast, nitrate production, bacterial and fungal numbers, microbial biomass nitrogen, and β-acetylglucosaminidase activity decreased with the increase in the distance, with the highest values of the respective parameters being recorded in the CC. However, remarkable changes of these microbial parameters were found within a distance of 1–2 mm from the CC to the distant compartments. Thus the results indicated that pH, bacterial number, and nitrate production were high in the oxamide treatment. In contrast, higher fungal number, microbial biomass N, and .B-acetylglucosaminidase activity were associated with the ammonium sulfate treatment. It was assumed that the significant (p<O.05) effect of the rhizosphere on microbial activities varied with the treatments.     

Measurement of genetic and environmental variation in barley (Hordeum vulgare) grain hardness

In this study, we assessed a broad range of barley breeding lines and commercial varieties by three hardness methods (two particle size methods and one crush resistance method (SKCS—Single-Kernel Characterization System), grown at multiple sites to see if there was variation in barley hardness and if that variation was genetic or environmentally controlled. We also developed near-infrared reflectance (NIR) calibrations for these three hardness methods to ascertain if NIR technology was suitable for rapid screening of breeding lines or specific populations. In addition, we used this data to identify genetic regions that may be associated with hardness. There were significant (p<0.05) genetic effects for the three hardness methods. There were also environmental effects, possibly linked to the effect of protein on hardness, i.e. increasing protein resulted in harder grain. Heritability values were calculated at >85% for all methods. The NIR calibrations, with R² values of >90%, had Standard Error of Prediction values of 0.90, 72 and 4.0, respectively, for the three hardness methods. These equations were used to predict hardness values of a mapping population which resulted in genetic markers being identified on all chromosomes but chromosomes 2H, 3H, 5H, 6H and 7H had markers with significant LOD scores. The two regions on 5H were on the distal end of both the long and short arms. The region that showed significant LOD score was on the long arm. However, the region on the short arm associated with the hardness (hordoindoline) genes did not have significant LOD scores. The results indicate that barley hardness is influenced by both genotype and environment and that the trait is heritable, which would allow breeders to develop very hard or soft varieties if required. In addition, NIR was shown to be a reliable tool for screening for hardness. While the data set used in this study has a relatively low variation in hardness, the tools developed could be applied to breeding populations that have large variation in barley grain hardness.     

湿地松左旋β-蒎烯合成酶基因PeTPS-(-)BPin的同源克隆及生物信息学分析

通过火炬松等松属树种的c DNA序列同源克隆了湿地松的左旋β-蒎烯合成酶基因(Pe TPS-(-)BPin),分析表明该基因与其他松属植物之间的同源性在90%以上,与松科其他属植物之间的同源性在80%以上。裸子植物不同萜烯合成酶基因(TPS)之间的同源性在70%以上。被子植物与裸子植物的TPS基因亲缘关系较远。左旋β-蒎烯合成酶的蛋白质分子式为C3197H4972N862O957S32,分子量为71.74 ku,带弱正电,为不稳定蛋白,易分解,含37个磷酸化位点,定位在叶绿体。蛋白质二级结构含有4个不规则卷曲,24个α-螺旋,三级结构中含有一个cd00684保守域。ELM中找到7个可能的功能域,包括一个NDR切割位点、两个磷酸肽配体、一个PDZ配体、一个SH2配体、两个磷酸化位点。在68、69位存在一个RR保守结构,猜测能够在第二个R的N末端断裂并与底物结合,从而参与底物异构化。在380~384位出现了DDxx D保守域,但未能在该区搜到可能的功能位点。预测的两个磷酸化位点位于302、623位氨基酸。