Zinc Biofortification in Sixty Groundnut Cultivars Through Foliar Application of Zinc Sulphate

A field experiment with 60 groundnut cultivars, in a calcareous soil having 1.20 mg kg^?1 available zinc (Zn), foliar application of 0.2% aqueous solution of zinc sulphate thrice at 40, 55 and 70 days at 500, 500 and 1000 L ha^?1, respectively, increased the number of pods, pod yield, shelling and 100 seed mass and seed zinc (Zn) content, significantly. The seeds Zn content in groundnut cultivars ranged 38–70 mg kg^?1 with an average of 48 mg kg^?1 without Zn and 58 mg kg^?1 with Zn. Foliar Zn application increased 22% Zn in seed. This increase was more than 10% in 48 out of 60 cultivars. The cultivars GG 7, GG 20, Tirupati 4, DH 8, JSP 19, TKG 19 A, CSMG 884 and S 206 showed > 50 mg kg^?1 Zn, > 10% increase in seed Zn with Zn application and > 250 g m^?2 pod yield.     

大豆生态研究──XV．复式光温综合作用与中国不同进化型大豆生态类型的研究

根据２９３份不同进化型大豆原产地的自然临界光照和自然临界温度与公主岭自然温度下，１３．５ｈ光周期之间发生的复式光温综合作用原理以及生长发育规律，确定我国大豆生态类型。提出各纬度及同纬度不同海拔７４个县市的自然临界光照和自然临界温度。讨论了无野生大豆区光温综合作用与群落形成的关系以及研究光温综合作用理论的意义。     

Nitrogen Transportation in Oilseed Rape (Brassica napus L.) Plant during Flowering and Early Siliqua Developing

Nitrogen transportation from different organs was investigated by labelling pods, leaves and internodes of upper stem with ¹⁵N-urea during flowering. Labelled plants were harvested one month after flowering and determined the amount of ¹⁵N in relative parts. The results of the experiment show the directions of ¹⁵N applied in different organs during flowering. Transportation of ¹⁵N applied in pods of lower terminal of the main stem and first branch was mainly directed to seeds inside the labelled pods, about 17 % of ¹⁵N entered into seeds 7 days after last labelling, a little transportation each other between the branch and terminal was found, more than 80 % of ¹⁵N applied on leaves during flowering was transported out of the leaves after flowering, 35 % and 67.93 % on average was translocated in pods for early and late flowering, respectively, while 55.97 % of ¹⁵N applied on surface of internodes of upper stem below terminal was found in pods. It was corroborated that nitrogen transportation also occurs within pods by labelling different parts of pods, much greater amount of nitrogen was transported from lower part to upper part of pods than those in opposite direction.     

Mutagenic Improvement of Shattering Characteristic of the Restorer Line of a Hybrid Rice “Xieyou 9308“

The newly developed hybrid rice combination “Xieyou 9308“ (Xieqingzao A/T9308) has been regarded as a super-high-yielding rice variety, of which the yield potential reached as high as 12 t/ha. However, its high shattering characteristic (as high as 60%) has limited its wider application. In the current experiment, a non-shattering mutant line, M9308, was developed from T9308 by gamma irradiation. Comparisons were made but no marked differences were found between T9308 and M9308 as well as between their F1 hybrids crossed to Xieqingzao A for major agronomic and grain quality characters as well as resistance to diseases. Genetic analysis indicated that the non-shattering character of M9308 was governed by a single recessive gene.     

拟南芥AtTTG1基因的克隆及用于转化花生的MAR调控表达载体构建

黄曲霉毒素污染对花生产业危害巨大,通过基因工程改变花生果种皮结构以提高花生抗黄曲霉能力。根据GenBank中拟南芥AtTTG1基因的cDNA编码区设计引物,通过RT-PCR克隆AtTTG1基因,结果显示,克隆获得的片段长1026bp,与基因库中数据比对相同,该片段编码341个氨基酸,预测其蛋白分子量为86.96KDa,等电点为4.85。结合实验室已获得的花生果种皮特异启动子S19和MAR序列调控的植物表达载体pLMAR,构建了植物高效表达载体pLMAR-S19-TTG1,并将其导入根癌农杆菌EHA105。为进一步对花生进行遗传转化,获得转基因高抗黄曲霉花生奠定基础。     

模拟酸雨对油菜生长的影响

在温室内进行的试验发现，pH≤4．0的模拟酸雨会引起油菜单株角果数少；pH3．5的模拟酸雨会使油菜叶片受到伤害，并会降低油菜叶片和角果皮的叶绿素含量、叶片和角果皮的光合速率、植株高度、每荚角果内的籽粒数和种子的千粒重。     

油菜角果质量与分枝数的关系

通过分析油菜超高产条件下植株一次分枝数和二次分枝数的多少对各部位角果质量的影响,得出如下结果①各枝序的角果数一般都随一次、二次分枝数的增加而增加;而每角粒数和千粒重随一次、二次分枝数的增加呈先增后减的趋势.②主序和一次分枝的角果质量随分枝数的增减而变化的幅度较小;二次分枝的角果质量随分枝数的增减而变化的幅度较大.③油菜超高产条件下,单株最适宜利用的一次和二次分枝数分别为11～12个和10～15个,过多过少都不利于群体角果质量的提高.     

大豆食心虫抗性品种鉴定及抗性性状分析

38份大豆品种（系）大豆食心虫抗性鉴定结果表明，供试品种间在着显著差异。筛选出高抗大豆食心虫品种1份和抗性品种17份。抗虫性状分析表明，虫食粒率与百粒重，荚皮内糖分含量呈极显著正相关，而与荚皮内纤维素含量，荚皮硬度，荚皮颜色呈极显著负相关。     

应用抑制消减杂交技术 构建花生果皮差异表达文库

为构建花生果皮差异表达基因消减文库，分离花生果皮差异表达cDNA片段，本研究采用抑制消减杂交技术，以花生种仁cDNA为Driver，果皮cDNA为Tester，进行两次消减杂交和两次抑制性PCR，将第二次PCR产物与pGEM-T easy 载体相连，电击转化大肠杆菌，成功构建果皮差异表达cDNA文库。所长出菌落中89.2%为白色克隆。采用PCR法对重组子进行鉴定，发现其中单一扩增条带的克隆约占83.5%， 片段大小集中分布于250～750bp之间。     

大豆属(Glycine)生物学研究——Ⅰ.Glycine属种间光周期反应的初步分析

在7种光周期下,比较了原产澳大利亚Glycine亚属10个种,和原产25°N的G.tomentella和Soja亚属3个种的生殖发育期。1、Glycine亚属对光周期的适应性比Soja亚属广,种间差别大。多数在12—13小时下发育快,而Soja亚属均为8小时发育快。2、Glycine属内,染色体组型GG的在8小时下发育最快,CC型12小时,BB型12—13小时,DD、FF型13小时,AA型13小时发育最快。3、Glycine亚属多数种植株下部形成闭花受精荚(Cleistogamous pod,上部形成正常受精花(Chasmogamous flower,隐花荚形成一般早于正常花,而Soja亚属只有正常花。4、两个亚属地理重叠地区(25°N)的G.tomentella与Soja亚属诸种,均表现8小时光周期下发育最快,而原产21°S的G·tomentella在12小时下发育最快。