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81.
Henk-jan Schoonbeek Johannes G.M. van Nistelrooy Maarten A. de Waard 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(9):1003-1011
The role of multiple ATP-binding cassette (ABC) and major facilitator superfamily (MFS) transporter genes from the plant pathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea in protection against natural fungitoxic compounds was studied by expression analysis and phenotyping of gene-replacement mutants. The expression of 11 ABC (BcatrA–BcatrK) and three MFS genes (Bcmfs1, Bcmfs2 and Bcmfs4) was studied. All genes showed a low basal level of expression, but were differentially induced by treatment with cycloheximide and the plant defence compounds camptothecin, eugenol, psoralen, resveratrol and rishitin. The latter compounds induced expression of BcatrB at a high level. Eugenol was more toxic to BcatrB gene-replacement mutants than to the control isolates. Eugenol also caused an instantaneous increase in mycelial accumulation of the fungicide fludioxonil, a known substrate of BcatrB. However, there was no difference in virulence between the wild-type and BcatrB gene-replacement mutants on Ocimum basilicum, a plant known to contain eugenol. The results indicate that BcatrB is a transporter of lipophilic compounds, such as eugenol, but its role in virulence remains uncertain. 相似文献
82.
Piero Roggero Hervé Lot Sylvie Souche Riccardo Lenzi Robert G. Milne 《European journal of plant pathology / European Foundation for Plant Pathology》2003,109(3):261-267
Big-vein disease (BV) of lettuce has been attributed to infection by Lettuce big-vein virus (LBVV), vectored by the soil fungus Olpidium brassicae. The finding of a second soil-borne virus in lettuce, Mirafiori lettuce virus (MiLV), led to a re-investigation of the role of LBVV in big-vein disease, with evidence emerging that both MiLV and LBVV are vectored by O. brassicae, and that MiLV, not LBVV, is the cause of BV (Lot et al. (2002), Phytopathology 92: 288–293). The two viruses have coat proteins of similar size but have different morphologies and are serologically unrelated. We tested individual lettuce plants in BV-prone fields and protected crops in France and Italy for the presence of the two viruses, using DAS-ELISA and antisera specific for each virus. Both MiLV and LBVV were found at high incidence, often together but sometimes separately. Symptoms were frequently found to be associated with MiLV alone or both viruses, but rarely LBVV alone. However, no absolute correlation emerged, because sometimes MiLV was present in the absence of symptoms, and vice versa. To clarify the situation, individual lettuce plants were examined over a period of time in two further surveys. In surveys of protected crops in France, plants with big-vein were always ELISA-positive for MiLV, or else symptomless plants positive for MiLV were later seen to develop big-vein symptoms. Presence or absence of LBVV appeared to have no effect on symptom development. In surveys of open fields in Italy, all combinations were found: presence of both viruses, apparent absence of both viruses, or presence of each one alone, in plants that developed BV. At the end of the observation period, nearly all plants had BV and contained both viruses. 相似文献
83.
肥城桃组培苗诱导、基因转化及其增殖 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
红里、白里是肥城桃的两个优良品种,但不耐贮藏。为试图利用基因工程解决这一问题,先通过组培将其胚、胚乳、子叶的愈伤组织分别诱导再生植株和芽剥离出茎尖培育成苗。再将肥城桃反义PG基因,通过农杆菌介导转化组培苗,转化苗在含卡那霉素培养基上筛选,获得抗卡那霉素的转基因苗。用研制的增殖培养基培养4~7周,一个苗可生长出14~18分枝的苗,解决了转基因苗获得率低的问题,也满足了对转基因株系进行检测和从组培室到温棚到田间果园过渡栽培和芽接的需求,提高了繁育速率。 相似文献
84.
85.
植物苯丙氨酸解氨酶基因的表达调控与研究展望 总被引:43,自引:0,他引:43
苯丙氨酸解氨酶(phenylalanineammonia-lyase,PAL,EC4.3.1.5)是催化苯丙烷代谢途径第一步反应的酶,也是这个途径的关键酶,对植物有非常重要的生理意义。根据有关文献综述了植物PAL的分布与定位、酶学性质,总结了生长发育、钝化因子与调节因子、末端产物等内部因素及光、温、机械损伤与生长调节剂等外部因素对PAL的调控作用,得出外部因子是在转录水平上对酶活性实施调控的结论,并运用酶学和分子生物学方面的知识阐述了其调控机理。还着重阐述了PAL酶在果树上的研究现状与进展,并对其今后的研究及在果树上的应用进行了展望。 相似文献
86.
87.
88.
ZHANG Zhan-jun YING Kang WANG Zhong ZHANG Xiao-yan LIU Jian-xun HUANG Yan XU Li WEI Cui-e WANG Yong-yan 《园艺学报》2004,20(8):1427-1433
AIM: To investigate the genes differential expression in cortex during rat focal cerebral ischemia.METHODS: cDNA microarray chips containing numerous cDNAs were used to investigate the gene expression pattern between samples of focal cerebral ischemia and sham-control operation rats. RESULTS: Two hundred and eleven genes differentially expressed were screened out, among these genes, up-and down-regulated genes were 199 and 12, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The analysis of gene expression pattern of focal cerebral ischemia based on cDNA microarray can realize high-throughput screening of the genes associated with the focal cerebral ischemia. The differential expression of genes may be related to the pathogenesis of focal cerebral ischemic diseases. 相似文献
89.
90.
我国近年来水稻重大病虫害可持续控制技术重要研究进展——非化学控害技术研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
针对水稻病虫害防治中长期存在控害保产与生产无公害稻米矛盾比较突出的问题,研究提出了几种效果显著的非化学控害增产技术。其中,利用水稻遗传背景、对病虫抗感水平等差异显著的水稻品种多样性种植,控制稻瘟病的效果达42.12%~76.68%,抑制白背飞虱若虫数量增长效果明显,增产糯稻或优质稻600~1050 kg/hm2,平均增收约1 500元/hm2;稻鱼共育控制稻飞虱的效果为63.77%~86.89%,对纹枯病病株抑制率70.52%,控制稻田杂草效果为89.57%,平收获鲜鱼319.5~1 177.5 kg/hm2,水稻产量比对照区增产7.05%~10.11%;稻鸭共育控制稻飞虱效果63.73%~77.18%,控制稻螟效果30.11%,控制纹枯病效果19.33%~67.03%,对稻田杂草控制效果91.96%,减少施肥30.6%、农药59.3%,减少投入1 987.05元/hm2。 相似文献