施用豆科绿肥对砖红壤有效磷含量的影响

土壤缺磷是热带和亚热带地区作物生产的主要限制因子之一。本研究分析了14份热带、亚热带豆科绿肥施入土壤后对砖红壤有效磷含量影响的时间动态变化。结果表明,施用绿肥后不同时段能不同程度地提高土壤有效磷的含量,且施用绿肥后的土壤有效磷含量显著高于不施用绿肥土壤,其中木蓝（Magnolia lotungensis）对砖红壤有效磷含量增量变幅高达339%。此外,施用不同的绿肥对土壤有效磷含量的影响不同,但对土壤有效磷含量影响的基本规律一致。施用绿肥时砖红壤有效磷含量提高较大的最佳埋田时间为1个月。     

磷素营养对星星草幼苗抗碱性的影响

通过以不同水平磷素营养培养星星草幼苗，研究磷素营养对星星草幼苗抗碱性的影响，试验结果表明：在２．０％Ｎａ２ＣＯ２胁迫下星星草苗磷素营养的最适浓度为２．８ｍｍｏｌ·Ｌ＾－１ＫＨ２ＰＯ４，此条件下仅对株高，干重和鲜重的增长有促进作用，而且受害程度最小，对Ｎａ２ＣＯ３胁迫的缓解作用最强，在一定程度上可提高星星草幼苗对Ｎａ２ＣＯ３胁迫的抗性。     

Safety of Improved Milbond-TX When Fed in Broiler Diets Limiting in Available Phosphorus or Containing Variable Levels of Metabolizable Energy

Improved Milbond-TX (IMTX), a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate, was added to broiler diets at 0, 1, or 2% in 2 experiments. In experiment 1, three concentrations of available P, 0.22, 0.32, and 0.42%, were combined with the IMTX in isocaloric and isonitrogenous corn-soybean meal-based diets and fed to male broilers for 21 d. In experiment 2, the IMTX was added to isonitrogenous broiler diets calculated to contain 2,940, 3,020, or 3,100 kcal of ME/kg and also fed for 21 d. Deficient dietary P reduced feed intake and BW at 7, 14, and 21 d of age, but IMTX had no effect even when fed at 8 times the amount recommended by the manufacturer (0.25%) to ameliorate the toxic effects of feed mycotoxins. Similarly, increasing the energy level of the diet resulted in improved BW and feed conversion, but IMTX fed at 8 times the amount recommended by the manufacturer had no detrimental effect on chick performance. There was no interaction found between IMTX and energy or available P for any performance measure. Addition of IMTX to the diet above the recommended concentration of the manufacturer also had no detrimental effect on percentage of toe ash or excreta moisture.     

人工感染犬贾第虫包囊排出规律的观察

用犬贾第虫滋养体感染试验幼犬后进行粪便检查,结果表明,滋养体可以感染试验幼犬,且包囊排出规律呈间歇性,其间歇期为7～8 d,第3天开始排出包囊,排囊后第10天达到高峰期,高峰期持续3～4 d,在间歇期持续排出少量包囊。感染试验犬有腹泻,厌食,体重减轻等症状。     

长期施肥对黄壤养分及不同形态无机磷的影响

以贵州黄壤长期定位试验为平台,研究不同施肥对黄壤区土壤养分及无机磷组分的影响。结果表明,长期施用化肥(NPK)、有机肥(M)及有机无机配施(NPKM)均可提高土壤表层有机质和速效养分的质量分数,尤其以M处理土壤含有机质、碱解氮及速效钾量变化最为显著,而NPKM处理土壤含速效磷的量最高。长期施肥均能增加黄壤中无机磷组分的累积,以NPKM处理效果最为显著,施肥主要增加了O-P、Al-P、Fe-P的量。不同形态的无机磷量表现为O-PFe-P、Al-PCa_(10)-PCa_2-PCa_8-P,其中Ca_2-P、Ca_8-P与速效磷显著正相关,相关系数在0.681**以上,通过回归方程分析,表明土壤无机磷库中Ca_2-P、Ca_8-P、Fe-P对黄壤速效磷的量的贡献最大。因此,从长远来看,有机无机配施可以提高黄壤养分及无机磷活性组分的量,维持并提高土壤供磷能力,更有利于黄壤区农业的可持续发展。     

人参对磷的吸收,分配及磷素代谢

利用＾３２Ｐ示踪技术及常规生物化学分析方法，动态地测定了人以对中面磷的吸收，分配及代谢过程，结果表明，五年生化参青果叶面供磷，随供磷后时间的推移，吸收率呈递增趋势，供试３６ｄ平均吸收率为２１．９７％，而且以正在发育的果实和根部为主要分配中心，叶面吸收的＾３２Ｐ迅速参与代谢过程，由无机态合成多种有机磷化物，其中８０％左右掺入酸溶性组分。     

生长牦牛血清钙和磷变化规律分析

利用原子吸收法和色谱法,对3组(G1:5～15月龄;G2:17～27月龄;G3:29～39月龄)生长牦牛血清中钙和磷浓度的变化规律进行了跟踪分析。结果表明:生长牦牛血清钙浓度为(10 235±0 809)mg/dL,与普通牛相当;但血清磷为(5 567±1 361)mg/dL,明显低于普通牛,导致血清钙与磷之比值较高,表明牦牛缺磷问题突出。各年龄段生长牦牛血清钙浓度顺序依次为G1相似文献   

磷、钾对番茄可溶性碳水化合物分配的影响

以番茄苗为试验材料,研究了不同浓度磷、钾对番茄植株可溶性碳水化舍物分配的影响。结果表明：磷、钾亏缺处理45d后,与正常磷、钾处理相比,磷亏缺的植株冠根比下降,而钾亏缺的植株冠根比则上升。钾亏缺的植株叶片中,蔗糖、还原糖和总可溶性糖含量均表现为上升,根中则表现为下降。磷亏缺的植株叶片中,蔗糖、还原糖和总可溶性糖含量基本不变,而在根中则表现为不同程度的增加。在叶和根的总可溶性糖中,钾亏缺和磷亏缺的植株,根部总可溶性糖所占的比例分别为10．71％和45．65％,两者的对照分别为28．63％和33．11％。上述结果表明,钾和磷在光合产物的转运中所起的作用不同,植株中营养元素亏缺不同,干物质在不同部位的分配也不同。     

Effect of Phosphorus in Alleviation of Adverse Impacts of Salinity on Wheat Grown on Different Soils

Fertilization management is an important technique to alleviate the adverse effects of salinity stress on plants. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the ameliorative role of inorganic phosphorus (P) and organic P sources on wheat grown under salt stress in three soil types deficient in available P. Wheat (Triticum asetivum L. cv. Shakha 93) was grown on alluvial, sandy, and calcareous soils under salinity levels of 4, 8, and 12 dS m^?1 of saturated paste extract (EC_e) and supplied with constant rate of 30 mg P₂O₅ kg soil^?1 as superphosphate (SP), cattle manure (CM), and 1:1 mixture of SP and CM. The results revealed that plants grown on the sandy soil were more susceptible to the adverse effects of salinity compared with those planted on the alluvial one, especially at zero P. Plants grown on the calcareous soil were moderately affected. Varying soil type caused significant differences in the aboveground biomass and uptake of nitrogen (N), potassium (K), P, and zinc (Zn). It was obvious that P ameliorated wheat growth under salt stress, and this role was greater under moderate and high salinity. The increases in N, P, K, and Zn uptake appeared driven by P application were more conspicuous in the sandy and calcareous soils. Results also indicated that combined application of inorganic and organic P sources surpassed both when applied solely under all soil types and salinity levels.     

The effect of exogenous purine supply on the endogenous excretion of purine derivatives in the urine of growing lambs

An experiment was made to determine the absorption of purine metabolites in dietary nucleic acids through the digestive tract, and also to determine the utilization of nucleic acids absorbed in the body, using growing lambs. Two pairs of 120‐ and 180‐day‐old twin female lambs with a bodyweight of 18.2–19.0 kg were kept in metabolism crates and fed on purine‐free milk replacement (MR) with supplements of exogenous purine (purine base or purine nucleoside) at a level of 0.2 mmol/BW^0.75/d for 5 consecutive days, and thereafter they were maintained in the crates for 4 days. The daily amount of exogenous purine supply was calculated based on the urinary excreted purine derivatives (PD) in lambs fed on milk replacement alone. A urine sample was collected daily for 9 consecutive days, and the urinary excretion of PD was determined daily. Urinary PD excretion opened to increase within 24 h after the dose of purine bases, and the level was recovered on 3 days after ceasing the exogenous purine supply. The recovery of PD in the urine was about 70% of the purine supplement. When purine nucleosides were added to the feed, urinary PD excretion was initiated within 24 h after dosing, and the values were recovered after ending the purine nucleoside supply. The recovery rate of PD in the urine was only 30% of the supplemented purine. The plasma allantoin levels were almost similar after feeding purine bases and purine nucleosides, and the values were mostly in the range (40–60 µmol/L). These findings indicate that an exogenous purine can be directly incorporated into the body, and the purine as nucleoside is more effectively utilized for the synthesis of nucleic acids than as a purine base in the body of growing lambs.