超高效液相色谱—串联质谱法测定牛奶中6种玉米赤霉烯酮类霉菌毒素的残留

试验旨在建立牛奶中6种玉米赤霉烯酮类霉菌毒素残留的超高效液相―串联质谱检测方法。牛奶样品经乙腈提取,免疫亲和柱净化,C₁₈色谱柱分离,以0.02%（V/V）乙酸―水/甲醇为流动相,采用梯度洗脱方式进行液相色谱分离,多反应监测模式,外标法进行定量。牛奶中6种玉米赤霉烯酮类霉菌毒素的检测限可达到1.0 μg/L,且在2.5～100.0 μg/L的浓度范围内,线性关系良好。该方法专属性强、灵敏度高、分离度好,适用于牛奶中的6种玉米赤霉烯酮类霉菌毒素残留的测定。     

超高效液相色谱—串联质谱法测定生鲜乳中6种农药的残留

本试验建立了生鲜乳中西草净、枯草隆、西码津、莠去津、乙草胺和丁草胺残留量的超高效液相―串联质谱检测方法。牛奶样品用乙腈提取,经固相萃取柱净化,C₁₈色谱柱分离,以0.1%（V/V）甲酸―水/乙腈为流动相,采用梯度洗脱方式进行液相色谱分离,多反应监测模式,外标法进行定量。结果发现,西草净、枯草隆、西码津、莠去津、乙草胺和丁草胺的检测限分别为0.1、1.0、0.2、0.1、4.0和4.0 μg/L,线性范围分别为1.0～50.0、10.0～500.0、1.0～50.0、1.0～50.0、20.0～1000.0和20.0～1000.0 μg/L。表明该方法专属性强、灵敏度高、分离度好,适用于生鲜乳中西草净、枯草隆、西码津、莠去津、乙草胺和丁草胺残留量的测定。     

脾脏小分子活性物质对粤黄鸡生长及血浆环核苷酸水平的影响

将180只1日龄健康粤黄公鸡随机均分为4组，试验组每周分别注射允许脾脏小分子活性物质的组份Ⅰ，组份Ⅱ－Ⅲ（0.5mL/只），对照组注射等量灭菌PBS，每周称重并计算饲料消耗，第4，6，8，10周龄时分别采集血样，采用竞争性蛋白结合法（CPBA）和放射免疫测定法（RIA）分别测定血浆中cAMP和cGMP的浓,结果表明，注射鸡脾脏小分子活性物质组份－Ⅰ和组份－Ⅲ可明显促进粤黄鸡生长，提高血浆cAMP水平和cAMP/cGMP比值。     

短穗兔耳草的克隆生长特征

以调查统计的方法研究了高寒草甸匍匐茎植物短穗兔耳草Lagotis brachystachya无性系的生长特征、形态特征以及能量分配规律,研究结果表明:匍匐茎只有1条的短穗兔耳草最多,占60．47％,匍匐茎有4条的短穗兔耳草只占6．98％。在牧草生长盛期,短穗兔耳草无性系的基株高度4．03 cm,根长为9．11 cm,叶数为7．98;分株高度0．85 cm,根长2．73 cm,叶数为3．08;匍匐茎的茎生叶数为12．54,长度为15.14 cm,匍匐茎比节间重为2．18 mg／cm,粗度为0．97 mm,不同构件的干质量呈现出基株>匍匐茎>分株>茎生叶的规律。随着匍匐茎数目的增多,短穗兔耳萆无性系的基株根长逐渐增加,用于克隆繁殖的能量投资也有增加的趋势,其他参数都没有明显的变化规律。     

家蝇抗菌肽的分离纯化及生物学活性

将诱导家蝇提取的家蝇抗菌肽提取物，经凝胶过滤层析和离子交换层析，得到具有抗菌活性的单一峰，质谱结果显示抗菌肽分离物含有4种小肽，相对分子质量678．3～1017．2。家蝇抗菌肽对革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌、巴氏杆菌）的抗菌活性优于革兰氏阳性菌（金黄葡萄球菌、枯草芽孢杆菌），对耐药性巴氏杆菌有较强的抗菌活性，对大肠杆菌的MIC为4．2～8．4mg／L，对耐药性巴氏杆菌的MIC为3．8～7．8mg／L。扫描电镜观察发现，家蝇抗菌肽通过损伤细胞壁使细胞质外流而达到杀菌的目的。家蝇抗菌肽对家兔、鸡、猪、小鼠、番鸭、鹅和家鸭红细胞无溶血反应和凝集反应。‘     

亚洲璃眼蜱唾液腺-新基因（GP29）的原核表达及产物鉴定

将吸血诱导的亚洲璃眼蜱唾液腺差异表达基因GP29的开放性阅读框插入pGEX-4T-1，转化BL21，表达出一相对质量为53ku的蛋白，其大小与预计结果一致。蛋白质的肽质量图谱和“1381．7511”肽段序列两方面的结果证明，SDS-PAGE胶板上相对质量为53ku的蛋白就是由目的基因表达的GST融合蛋白。该蛋白与Swiss PROT库中的任何蛋白均有较大差别，可能是一个新功能分子。     

The influence of body mass and thoracic dimensions on arterial oxygenation in anaesthetized horses and ponies

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between body mass and thoracic dimensions on arterial oxygen tensions (PaO₂) in anaesthetized horses and ponies positioned in dorsal recumbency.Study designProspective clinical study.AnimalsThirty six client-owned horses and ponies, mean [±SD (range)] age 8.1 ± 4.8 (1.5–20) years and mean body mass 467 ± 115 (203–656) kg.MethodsBefore general anaesthesia, food and water were withheld for 12 and 1 hours respectively. Body mass (kg), height at the withers (H), thoracic circumference (C), thoracic depth (length between dorsal spinous process and sternum; D), thoracic width (between point of shoulders; W), and thoracic diagonal length (point of shoulder to last rib; L) were measured. Pre-anaesthetic medication was with intravenous (IV) romifidine (0.1 mg kg⁻¹). Anaesthesia was induced with an IV ketamine (2.2 mg kg⁻¹) and diazepam (0.05 mg kg⁻¹) combination and maintained with halothane in 1:1 oxygen:nitrous oxide (N₂O) mixture. Animals were positioned in dorsal recumbency and allowed to breathe spontaneously. Nitrous oxide was discontinued after 10 minutes, and arterial blood samples obtained and analysed for gas tensions at 15, 30 and 60 minutes after connection to the anaesthetic breathing circuit. Data were analysed using anova and Pearson's correlation co-efficient.ResultsThe height per unit body mass (H kg⁻¹) and thoracic circumference per unit body mass (C kg⁻¹) correlated strongly (r = 0.85, p < 0.001 and r = 0.82, p < 0.001 respectively) with arterial oxygen tensions (PaO₂) at 15 minutes.ConclusionsThere is a strong positive correlation between H kg⁻¹ and C kg⁻¹ and PaO₂ after 15 minutes of anaesthesia in halothane-anaesthetized horses positioned in dorsal recumbency.Clinical relevanceReadily obtained linear measurements (height and thoracic circumference) and body mass may be used to predict the ability of horses to oxygenate during anaesthesia.     

Serum biomarker profiling in cancer studies: a question of standardisation?

Companion animals are exposed to similar environmental conditions and carcinogens as humans. In some animal cancers, there also appears to be the same genetic changes associated as in humans. However, little work has been carried out in cancer biomarker identification in animals. The recent dramatic advances in molecular medicine, genomics, proteomics and translational research will allow biomarker identification, which may provide the best strategies for veterinarians and clinicians to combat disease by early diagnosis and administration of effective treatments. Proteomics may have important applications in cancer diagnosis, prognosis and predictive clinical outcome that could directly change clinical practice by affecting critical elemen‐ts of care and management. This review summarizes the advances in proteomics that has propelled us to this exciting age of clinical proteomics, and highlights the future work that is required for this to become a reality. In this review, we will discuss the available proteomic technologies and their limitations, and highlight the key areas of research and how they have been used to discover cancer biomarkers. The principles described here are equally applicable to human and animal disease, but implementation of ‘omic’ technologies requires stringent guidelines for collection of clinical material, the application of analytical techniques and interpretation of the data.     

不同产丝量家蚕品系后部丝腺的蛋白质组学分析

家蚕幼虫后部丝腺是合成和分泌丝素蛋白的重要器官。为从蛋白质水平探究不同家蚕品系产丝量差异的原因,应用蛋白质组学研究方法,选取3个产丝量有较大差异的家蚕品系Ndx、大造和21-872为材料,通过双向电泳和基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF-MS)技术对各品系5龄第5天幼虫后部丝腺表达的差异蛋白进行鉴定,查找与丝蛋白合成相关的蛋白质。结果表明,茧丝突变品系Ndx后部丝腺的蛋白质表达水平与普通丝量品系大造和高丝量品系21-872有差异,差异表达蛋白种类主要为应激反应相关蛋白、能量相关蛋白、蛋白质合成相关蛋白和一些酶类,其中核糖体磷酸化蛋白P0和P2、蛋白质二硫化物异构酶、丝素轻链蛋白Fib-L以及丝素蛋白P25等在Ndx后部丝腺的含量明显低于其它2个品系。推测在茧丝突变品系Ndx的后部丝腺中,上述蛋白质表达量的变化可能是导致其不能正常吐丝结茧的原因。     

兽药制剂中氯霉素类和硝基呋喃类药物的液相色谱-串联质谱分析方法的研究

建立了兽药粉剂中氯霉素类和硝基呋喃类共7种抗菌药物的液相色谱-串联质谱筛选方法。样品经水溶解,乙酸乙酯提取样品中的药物,OasisHLB固相萃取小柱净化,液相色谱-串联质谱仪测定。分别对该方法的检测限和专属性进行了实验室内和实验室外验证。结果表明,该方法简单、灵敏、特异性强,适用于兽药粉剂中氯霉素类和硝基呋喃类的定性筛选测定。