丹栀逍遥散对多囊卵巢大鼠高雄激素血症雄激素、瘦素及其受体表达的影响

目的 观察丹栀逍遥散对多囊卵巢综合征伴高雄激素血症大鼠雄激素、瘦素及其受体的影响。方法 利用脱氢表雄酮诱导建立多囊卵巢大鼠高雄激素血症模型,随机设立丹栀逍遥组、达英组、模型组、空白对照组,予以相应药物干预。实验结束后观察卵巢形态学变化;酶联免疫法测定血清雄激素水平;ELISA法检测血清瘦素;免疫组化测定卵巢瘦素受体的表达。结果 与模型组相比,丹栀逍遥散可显著降低大鼠血清瘦素、睾酮、游离睾酮水平值,减少卵巢瘦素受体阳性表达,差异均有统计学意义（P<0.01）。结论 丹栀逍遥散可降低多囊卵巢高雄激素血症大鼠血清瘦素、雄激素水平值,减少卵巢瘦素受体阳性表达,进而降低瘦素生物利用度及雄激素活性,从而改善多囊卵巢综合征高雄激素血症和排卵障碍。     

家禽卵泡发育相关生长因子的研究进展

胰岛素样生长因子(IGF)家族、表皮生长因子(EGF)家族和转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)超家族成员的功能涉及家禽卵泡细胞增殖分化、类固醇激素生成、促性腺激素的功能调节、卵泡选择和排卵等过程。本文综述了IGF、EGF、TGF-β及其他相关生长因子对家禽卵泡发育调控的研究进展,旨在为进一步研究家禽卵泡的生长、发育和排卵机制提供帮助。     

睾丸和卵巢打点注射pIRES2-EGFP质粒生产转基因兔的研究(英文)

为探讨直接用注射器对睾丸和卵巢打点注射pIRES2-EGFP质粒转染兔的精子细胞和卵母细胞,建立操作方便、效率高、成本低、可批量生产转基因兔的可行性。选择5只成年新西兰雄兔、29只经产新西兰雌兔,每侧睾丸和卵巢内分别打点注射0.5~0.8 mg/mL质粒0.25 mL。①第3周随机取一只雄兔睾丸做冰冻切片,于荧光显微镜下观察转染情况。②(Ⅰ:1#♂×7♀、Ⅱ:2#♂×7♀、Ⅲ:3#♂×7♀、Ⅳ:4#♂×7♀)其它雄兔于第6周和第7周与3日前做过卵巢注射并超排处理的雌兔配种,最后采集新生仔兔耳组织,提取基因组DNA,经PCR和Southern杂交检测阳性率。结果显示雄兔睾丸冰冻切片于荧光显微镜下可见绿色荧光,统计所得后代转基因阳性率,并进行差异分析,其中Ⅰ组后代阳性率最高,PCR和Southern杂交检测阳性率为93.55%和83.87%,Ⅳ后代阳性率最低,依次为80.65%和70.97%,但是各组之间差异不显著。上述实验结果表明,对睾丸和卵巢同时注射外源基因可获得较高阳性率的转基因后代,生产转基因的方法操作简便、高效,为日后大规模制备一些大型家畜的转基因后代奠定了基础。     

去乙酰化酶SIRT1过表达对猪卵巢颗粒细胞中AMPK活性的影响

构建猪SIRT1基因全长编码区(coding region sequence,CDS)的真核表达载体,转染猪原代卵巢颗粒细胞,探讨SIRT1基因过表达对猪卵巢颗粒细胞中AMPK基因的转录及其蛋白活性的影响。测序结果表明,猪SIRT1基因的CDS区全长大小为2 229 bp,与NCBI发布的猪SIRT1基因m RNA序列(EU030283.2)一致;转染p EGFP–C1–SIRT1载体的颗粒细胞中SIRT1的m RNA表达水平和蛋白表达水平极显著高于空载体对照组(P0.01);p EGFP–C1–SIRT1转染组细胞中,AMPK–α1和AMPK–α2基因的m RNA表达量显著高于空载体对照组,且细胞中AMPKαThr172位点的磷酸化水平显著升高(P0.05)。结果表明,体外培养的原代猪卵巢颗粒细胞中的SIRT1基因过表达使AMPK的表达显著增加,影响AMPK的活性,推测SIRT1可能通过AMPK在猪卵巢颗粒细胞凋亡过程中发挥重要的调控作用。     

银鲳卵黄发生期间组织中抗氧化水平的变化及饲料n-3 LC-PUFA对其的影响

研究了银鲳(Papus argenteus)肝及卵巢组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)及丙二醛(MDA)含量在整个卵黄发生过程中的变化情况,并分析了饲料n-3 LC-PUFA对卵黄发生期间组织中抗氧化水平的影响。分别以100%鱼油(FO组)、70%鱼油和30%大豆油(FSO组)、30%鱼油和70%大豆油(SFO组)、100%大豆油(SO组)为脂肪源,配制了4组等氮、等能及等脂的试验饲料。以1年龄雌性银鲳为试验对象,每组饲料设3重复,试验周期185 d。研究结果表明,肝与卵巢组织SOD、CAT活性、T-AOC水平及MDA含量在卵黄发生过程中均呈现逐渐升高的趋势,且卵黄发生后期各指标水平均显著高于卵黄发生前期(P0.05)。肝SOD(除SO饲料组外)、CAT活性、T-AOC水平及MDA含量在卵黄发生中期与前期之间未表现出显著性差异(P0.05),而卵黄发生中期FO与FSO饲料组卵巢SOD、CAT活性及T-AOC水平则均显著高于卵黄发生前期(P0.05)。FSO饲料组肝与卵巢SOD、CAT活性在卵黄发生过程中均为最高值,且在卵黄发生中、后期均显著高于SO饲料组(P0.05),但与FO饲料组无显著性差异(P0.05)。各饲料组间肝与卵巢T-AOC水平在卵黄发生前期均未表现出显著性差异(P0.05),而在卵黄发生后期,FO与FSO饲料组肝与卵巢T-AOC水平均显著高于SO饲料组(P0.05),但FO与FSO饲料组间无显著性差异(P0.05)。肝与卵巢中MDA含量随着饲料n-3 LC-PUFA含量的升高而呈现出升高趋势,且这种升高趋势在肝组织中表现更为明显,卵巢组织MDA含量在卵黄发生中、后期仅FO饲料组表现出显著性升高趋势(P0.05),其他各饲料组在卵黄发生各期均未表现出显著性差异(P0.05)。统计分析表明,银鲳卵黄发生过程中组织中抗氧化水平逐渐升高,适宜的饲料n-3 LC-PUFA含量(4.01%,FSO饲料组)可明显改善银鲳卵黄发生中期与后期组织中的抗氧化水平。双因素方差分析结果表明,试验饲料与卵黄发生时期对银鲳组织抗氧化水平均具有极显著性影响(P0.01),且两者对肝T-AOC水平与MDA含量存在显著性的交互作用(P0.05)。     

子宫蓄脓犬的子宫和卵巢组织的显微及超微结构观察

应用超薄切片、光学及电子显微镜检查等技术，对临床上96例犬子宫蓄脓病例卵巢和子宫作显微、超微结构的观察，探讨其发病机制。结果表明，大部分病犬的子宫内膜腺体出现不同程度的囊性增生（CEH）和炎症变化；卵巢有持久黄体或囊性黄体。开放型病犬多表现子宫壁增厚；闭锁型多表现子宫内膜萎缩，子宫壁极薄，子宫内膜腺体发生CEH时，其上皮表现鳞状化生和腺瘤样病变。此外，闭锁型病例其子宫与卵巢肉眼可见的、显微及超微组织病理学变化均较开放型严重。     

Comparison of different intracellular cryoprotectants on the solid surface vitrification of red-rumped agouti (Dasyprocta Leporina Lichtenstein, 1823) ovarian tissue

In contributing to the conservation of wild rodents, the aim of this study was to evaluate the use of distinct cryoprotectants, separately or in combination, for solid surface vitrification (SSV) of red-rumped agouti ovarian tissue. Ovarian cortex from nine females was recovered and fragmented. Fresh fragments (control) were used to analyse the pre-antral follicle (PF) morphology using a histologic procedure, viability using the Trypan blue test, cell proliferation by counting the argyrophilic nucleolar organizing regions (Ag-NORs technique) and DNA integrity using the TUNEL assay. The remaining fragments were vitrified using SSV method with 3 M or 6 M ethylene glycol (EG) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), or in combination (3 M EG/3 M DMSO), and further evaluated as reported for the fresh samples. All cryoprotectants were effective at preserving PFs morphology compared to the control group (80.7 ± 5.21%), except 6 M EG and 3 M DMSO that provoked a significant (p < .05) decrease on the values of morphologically normal primary (60.0 ± 19.0%) and primordial (44 ± 4.5%) follicles, respectively. Regarding viability, all cryoprotectants provided values similar to that verified for the control group (79.0%), but a significant decrease (p < .05) was observed with EG/DMSO combination (59%). Using Ag-NORs technique, the highest (p < .05) cell proliferative capacity was detected when using EG at each tested concentration. The TUNEL proved the preservation of DNA integrity regardless of the cryoprotectant. In summary, we suggest the use of 3 M EG for the solid surface vitrification of red-rumped agouti ovarian tissue.     

Ascorbic acid ameliorates dysregulated folliculogenesis induced by mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate in neonatal mouse ovaries via reducing ovarian oxidative stress

Phthalates, including di-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP), are common industrial chemicals in the environment. Recent evidence indicates that DEHP and its active metabolite mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate (MEHP) negatively modulate reproductive functions and induce reactive oxygen species. Ascorbic acid (AA) is a dietary requirement for primates, and it acts as a potent free radical scavenger to protect tissues against oxidative stress. In this study, to investigate the toxic effects of MEHP on the follicle development and the beneficial role of AA, neonatal mouse ovaries were treated with different concentrations of MEHP with or without AA for 6 days. Then, the follicle constitution and oxidative status were compared in different groups. Results showed MEHP accelerated primordial follicle recruitment by increasing the percentage of primary and secondary follicles and decreasing the percentage of primordial follicles in the ovaries. Moreover, MEHP-induced ovarian oxidative stress by significantly increasing malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration and the expression of GSS and SOD1. When ovaries were co-administrated with MEHP and AA, follicle constitution was normalized, and the oxidative status was significantly decreased. These results suggested that AA ameliorated MEHP-induced ovarian oxidative stress and follicular dysregulation, which attested the clinical significance of AA for ovary protection in the case of MEHP exposure.     

哺乳动物原始卵泡形成与发育的研究进展

在大多数雌性哺乳动物中,早期原始卵泡的形成主要包括3个过程：原始生殖细胞的迁移、生殖细胞减数分裂和生殖细胞巢破裂。原始卵泡形成与发育过程涉及到诸多因子和信号通路的调节作用,且原始卵泡库的大小及储备能力将决定雌性动物终生生殖能力。本文就参与原始卵泡形成和发育过程中的因子和信号通路作一综述,旨在深入了解参与原始卵泡形成与发育的细胞和分子机制,为维持原始卵泡库及促进原始卵泡激活提供研究思路。     

虫生真菌粗提物抗肿瘤活性的研究

以中国仓鼠卵巢CHO细胞株作为模型,用Resazurin法检测生长抑制率,对42株虫生真菌次生代谢产物进行体外抗肿瘤活性试验.结果发现有10株菌株对CHO细胞的抑制率超过了50%.并进一步用不同溶剂对这10株虫生真菌次生代谢物质进行提取,并进行体外抗肿瘤活性试验,结果发现菌株RCEF0800的甲醇相活性最高,对CHO细胞的IC50为97.80 μg·mL-1.