试论柔性“脱开”防水层倒置式保温屋面

作者从理论到实践,论述了柔性“脱开”防水层倒置保温屋面的施工原理、施工方法及要点、主 要材料要求及其优点,对倒置屋面施工,具有实际的指导意义。     

苗木立枯病的发生及防治措施

苗木立枯病的频发、危害性大,结合我县近年来针对此病的具体防御措施,从苗木立枯病的类型、病原、发病规律、防御措施等方面行文,综合介绍、全面认识苗木立枯病,只有如此才能把苗木病害降到最低。     

病芽的不同处理对桑赤锈病流行的影响

在完全开放的自然环境中,桑赤锈病发病初期病芽的两种不同处理,对桑赤锈病流行趋势的影响是不同的,不剥除病芽处理区病情呈快速增长状态,拟合方程为:Y=5.82654-1.18242X 0.24296X2;剥除病芽处理区,病情稳定在较低水平,拟合方程为:Y=5.08598-2.6384X 0.4225X2-0.01865X3;方差分析表明,不同处理间的差异达到显著水平.二方程进行显著性检验分别达到了极显著和显著水平.说明剥除发病初期病芽对控制桑赤锈病流行效果显著,也可实现对桑赤锈病的可持续控制.     

Effect of slope and plant cover on run‐off,soil loss and water use efficiency of natural veld

Abstract

Run‐off and soil loss were monitored from a climax, subclimax and pioneer veld, each on a 5,9%, 4,1% and 2,1% slope, by means of a rainfall simulator on a Valsrivier soil form. With rainfall intensity, soil moisture content at the beginning of each rain storm, and soil texture the same for each treatment, plant cover and composition had a significant (positive) (P≤0,05) influence on the amount of soil loss and run‐off that occurred, as against the insignificant influence of the slope.

An average of 6,2 t/ha soil loss and 80,6% run‐off of the amount of water applied occurred from the pioneer veld (0,7% basal cover) on the steepest slope. In all the successional stages more run‐off and less soil loss occurred from wet soil than from dry soil. Significant (P≤0,01) relationships between basal and canopy cover were obtained with run‐off and soil loss.

The climax, subclimax and pioneer veld produced on average 0,57 g, 0,23 g and 0,07 g aboveground phytomass for each litre of water evapotranspirated.     

基于效益背反理论对商业连锁企业的物流配送 效率的研究文献综述

效益背反一直是物流需要攻克的重点难题。企业在降低物流成本的过程中,总会陷入 “效益背反”的窘境。本研究论述了效益背反理论的深层含义,分析了商业连锁企业的物流配送 效率的本质,并梳理了国内外连锁商业企业配送效率的研究现状,进一步提出了连锁企业提高 物流配送效率的几项措施。     

Sowing date effects on dry matter remobilization and yield of triticale (Triticosecale wittmack) under late season drought stress

A 2-year field experiment using a randomized complete block design with the treatments arranged as split-split-plot with three replicates was conducted to investigate the effects of different sowing dates. Different irrigation regimes and different triticale cultivars were tested during 2014 and 2015 growing seasons. Under cutting off irrigation at the milk development stage, Sanabad with 46.2% had higher relative water content on December 3 sowing date. Assimilate remobilization in cutting off irrigation at dough development was more than that at milk development and Sanabad had the highest assimilate remobilization on 3 December sowing date in both years. In both years, Sanabad had the highest remobilization efficiency. The highest contribution of pre-anthesis assimilates to grain was obtained on 3 December sowing date in both years in Sanabad. Lower grain yield in Juanillo cultivar under cutting off irrigation, appeared to be due to reduction in remobilization efficiency, especially by cutting off irrigation at milk development stage in late sowing date. Overall, Sanabad was more tolerant to cutting off irrigation than Juanillo.     

泄洪闸胸墙压坡段的数值模拟

采用RNG k-ε紊流数值模型对具有不同坡度的胸墙压坡段的泄洪闸出口水流进行了三维数值模拟.通过数值模拟计算得到了具有4种不同坡度的泄洪闸胸墙压坡段的流线、流速和压力,并对比分析了胸墙压坡段坡度变化对泄洪闸泄流能力、水流脱壁情况、负压分布区域的影响情况.研究结果表明:随着胸墙压坡段坡度的增大,虽然闸口的泄流能力减弱,但是出口水流的脱空长度和脱空高度变小,也即增大胸墙压坡段的坡度使得出口水流的脱壁现象减弱直至消失;胸墙压坡段内的负压最值及负压的分布区域均随着坡度的增大而变小.在泄洪闸胸墙底缘压坡段的设计过程中要避免平坡式链接,可通过合理的方式比选出适用于自身工程的压坡坡度,有利于提高消力池的消能效率,避免压坡段的空化空蚀,从而增强了工程的安全性.研究方法和结果对类似工程的优化设计及安全运行具有一定的指导意义.     

The quality of baby spinach as affected by developmental stage as well as postharvest storage conditions

Baby spinach is rich in phytochemicals that provide great benefits to consumers’ health. The study aim was to investigate the effect of the growth harvest stage, postharvest storage duration and temperature on quality of baby spinach leaves. A 3?×?5?×?3 factorial experiment was laid out in a randomised complete block design with four replicates per treatment. The treatments were arranged as follows namely: stage I [28 days after sowing (DAS)], stage II (35 DAS)and stage III (42 DAS), and leaves were kept up to 12 d at three different temperatures – 4, 10 and 20°C. The study demonstrated that the overall appearance and odour were both well maintained in the leaves of baby spinach harvested at stage II. The baby spinach harvested 28 DAS led to higher content of iron [1.13?mg?g^?1 dry weight (DW)], magnesium (14.4?mg?g^?1 DW), and zinc (0.17?mg?g^?1 DW). The highest level of total antioxidant activity (0.43?mg?g^?1 DW) and flavonoids (12?mg?g^?1 DW) after 12 d of storage was observed in baby spinach leaves at stage I when stored at 4°C. Therefore, baby spinach leaves harvested 28 DAS and store at 4°C for 6 d improved shelf life and nutraceutical quality. Thus, early harvest of fresh produced baby spinach harvested in order to attain high phytochemical and mineral content when stored at low temperature (4°C) without exceeding 6 days is recommended.     

云杉幼苗猝倒病化学防治药剂筛选

通过试验,对云杉猝倒病（Ｒｈｉｚｏｃｔｏｎｉａｓｏｌａｎｉ,Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｓｐｐ）化学防治中使用的杀菌剂进行了筛选,结果表明,杀菌剂的混合使用可以明显提高防治效果。混合使用防治效果较好的为福美砷＋代森锌、退菌特＋代森锌、甲基托布律＋代森锌、甲基托布津＋退菌特、多菌灵＋福美砷等。如果单用,防治效果优劣依次为退菌特,甲基托布津,多菌灵、福美砷,代森锌。     

祁连山东端封山育林效果初步分析

通过对祁连山东端17块具有代表性的封育地与封育前及对照区的天然更新、幼树高生长、灌木高度、盖度进行对比分析,得出了封山育林效果显著的结论,并运用森林群落演替理论对试验结果进行了论证,从而说明封山育林是发展祁连山水源涵养林的一项重要而有效的措施.