体外产气法与尼龙袋法评定粗饲料干物质降解率的相关性分析

为寻求可在实验室条件下简单地评定饲料降解性能的方法,试验以玉米秸秆及不同尿素、石灰比例复合处理的玉米秸秆为发酵底物,对饲料体外产气量和尼龙袋瘤胃干物质降解率作了相关性分析。统计分析表明,体外产气量与体内干物质降解率呈高度正相关,相关系数分别为:对照组0.967、料A0.964、料B0.999和料C0.994。结果证明,在对饲料降解性能及潜在可降解能力作快速、定性判断时,体外产气法可以代替尼龙袋法。     

池杉大苗分段培育试验

池杉采用尼龙暖棚培育小苗，待小苗长到４～５ｃｍ时，再移栽到圃地上，当年苗高可达１．５ｍ以上．     

Imaging diagnosis--nasofrontal suture exostosis in a horse

A 14-year-old Quarter Horse had chronic facial swelling and a more recent history of progressive bilateral epiphora. Radiographic findings were compatible with exostosis of the nasofrontal suture. Computed tomography (CT) of the head, including CT dacryorhinocystography, confirmed the diagnosis and allowed presurgical planning of resection of the exostosis, which resulted in resolution of the clinical signs.     

��NRCģ������ƻ��������Ӫ����ֵ

为了研究苹果渣用作反刍动物饲料的饲用价值,以3只安装瘤胃瘘管的陕北白绒山羊母羊为试验动物,采用尼龙袋法测定了苹果渣在陕北白绒山羊瘤胃内的干物质(DM)和粗蛋白质(CP)降解率,并用NRC模型分析了苹果渣的瘤胃降解蛋白(RDP)和瘤胃非降解蛋白(RUP)。结果表明,苹果渣在48h的DM降解率为89.16%,CP降解率为82.89%,且二者之间相关性显著(P<0.01);DM和CP有效降解率分别为61.02%和58.44%;RDP含量为58.52%,说明其蛋白质品质较好。因此,由苹果渣降解特性等可以看出,苹果渣含有较高的营养价值,且适口性好,可用作反刍动物饲料。     

饲料原料蛋白质二级结构对奶牛瘤胃降解特性的影响

试验通过尼龙袋法研究豆粕、棉粕、菜粕、DDGS和玉米5种饲料在奶牛瘤胃内粗蛋白的降解特性,并通过傅里叶红外光谱法测定了5种饲料的蛋白质二级结构,研究主要饲料原料蛋白质二级结构对奶牛瘤胃降解特性的影响。结果表明:在5种饲料中,α螺旋最高的为豆粕30.52%,最低的为DDGS 18.77%。β折叠最高的为玉米35.89%,最低的为棉粕28.36%。饲料蛋白质二级结构α螺旋与β折叠比值与有效降解率呈显著强度正相关(r=0.952 8,P=0.012 2),与蛋白质慢速降解组分呈强度正相关(r=0.798 7,P=0.105 1),与非降解组分呈高度负相关,相关性趋于显著(r=-0.866 7,P=0.057 2)。     

Methods of gradual vascular occlusion and their applications in treatment of congenital portosystemic shunts in dogs: a review

OBJECTIVE: To provide a comprehensive review of the experimental and clinical data related to gradual vascular occlusion of congenital portosystemic shunts (CPS) in dogs. STUDY DESIGN: Literature review. METHODS: PubMed literature search (1966-2004). RESULTS: Surgical intervention and complete vascular occlusion have been recommended for CPS therapy in dogs; however, acute complete ligation of CPS is often associated with life-threatening portal hypertension. Recently, several investigators have attempted to reduce the risk of postoperative portal hypertension by using gradual vascular occlusion. Successful vascular occlusion has been achieved using partial ligation with silk suture, ameroid constrictors, cellophane bands, thrombogenic coils and hydraulic vascular occluders. Objective comparisons of the reliability and rate of vascular occlusion produced by each of these methods have been limited by differences in experimental models and a lack of definitive follow up evaluation in some clinical studies. CONCLUSIONS: Gradual vascular occlusion is widely used in the clinical treatment of CPS in dogs. Objective evaluation of the experimental and clinical data on each of the techniques for gradual vascular occlusion is necessary for informed clinical practice and for the planning of future research into this important area. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Even from the limited data available, it is clear that the ideal method for gradual vascular occlusion of CPS has yet to be identified.     

利用CNCPS研究玉米和豆粕中碳水化合物不同组分的瘤胃降解和小肠消化

试验的目的在于研究玉米和豆粕中不同碳水化合物组分的瘤胃降解和小肠消化.应用瘤胃尼龙袋技术和小肠液冻干粉消化试验,结合康乃尔净碳水化合物和蛋白质体系的剖分原理,对玉米和豆粕全样、瘤胃非降解残渣、小肠液冻干粉消化后的残渣的碳水化合物组分进行了剖分,并探讨了不同组分的瘤胃降解和小肠消化特性.结果表明,玉米和豆粕干物质的瘤胃降解率分别为59.1%和72.7%;碳水化合物的瘤胃降解率分别为69.6%和66.2%;瘤胃非降解残渣的干物质小肠消化率分别为40.8%和68.0%;碳水化合物小肠消化率分别为40.4%和62.7%.瘤胃尼龙袋和小肠液冻干粉可以用来作为反刍动物消化研究的方法.结合CNCPS进行组分的剖分可以很好地研究碳水化合物及其组分的利用情况.     

Effects of low temperature plasma on wool and wool/nylon blend dyed fabrics

Knitted wool and wool/nylon blend dyed fabrics were treated with low temperature plasma (LTP) to achieve optimum shrink-resistance without impairing surface topography, colour or fastness to washing of the fabrics. As LTP tends to impair handle of the fabrics, both wool and wool/nylon blend fabrics were submitted to industrial softening and/or biopolymer treatments after LTP treatment, leading to hydrophilic wool and wool/nylon blend fabrics with improved shrink-resistance without any colour changes and good fastness to washing. The results obtained were compared with those obtained by an industrial shrink-resist treatment.     

尼龙袋法评定精油提取前后薰衣草瘤胃降解特性差异

选择3只安装有瘤胃和十二指肠瘘管的新疆哈萨克公羊为试验动物,采用尼龙袋法比较精油提取前后薰衣草在瘤胃内培养6、12、24、36、48、72 h干物质(DM)与粗蛋白质(CP)的降解特性。结果表明,精油提取前后薰衣草中CP、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量变化差异较小。精油提取后,薰衣草DM和CP瘤胃消失率出现显著下降(P<0.05);尽管精油提取前后瘤胃动态降解参数a和b值差异不显著(P>0.05),但精油提取后降解速率c值和有效降解率显著下降(P<0.05),这或许与精油提取后薰衣草细胞壁中香草酸、原儿茶酸和阿魏酸在总酚酸中的比例分别升高26.5%、33.3%和24.8%有关。总之,就瘤胃降解率而言,精油提取前的薰衣草具有更高的饲用价值。