A multiplex PCR to identify porcine mycoplasmas present in broth cultures

Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, Mycoplasma hyorhinis and Mycoplasma flocculare can be present in the lungs of pigs at the same time. These three mycoplasma species all require similar growth conditions and can be recovered from clinical samples using the same media. We have developed a multiplex PCR as a helpful tool for rapid differentiation of these three species in the course of isolation. Based on the 16S ribosomal DNA sequences, three different forward primers and a single reverse primer were selected. Each forward primer was compared to available mycoplasma sequences, showing the primers to be specific. The three amplification products observed of 1129 bp (M. hyorhinis), 1000 bp (M. hyopneumoniae) and 754 bp (M. flocculare) were clearly distinguishable on a 1% agarose gel. In addition, no cross-reaction with Mycoplasma hyosynoviae, another porcine mycoplasma, was noted. This multiplex PCR using the proposed set of primers is the first reported assay that allows the simultaneous identification of the different Mycoplasma species isolated from the lungs of pigs.     

The occurrence of the feline “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum” in dog in China confirmed by sequence-based analysis of ribosomal DNA

In the present study, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to detect haemoplasmas (haemotropic bacteria) in 40 clinically healthy pet dogs in Foshan city, Guangdong Province, China, and one dog was found positive. Comparison of its 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) sequence with relevant sequences showed that the isolated haemoplasma had greater sequence identity to feline species “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum” (99%) than to “Candidatus Mycoplasma haematoparvum” (95%). This result, for the first time, indicates the presence of the feline “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum” in Chinese dogs and it represents the first survey of its kind in China by using PCR assay. The results indicated that dog may represent one of the hosts for the feline “Candidatus Mycoplasma haemominutum”.     

肺炎支原体感染对大鼠免疫功能和一些生化指标的影响

采用滴鼻法建立大鼠肺炎支原体感染模型 ,并对其体液免疫和细胞免疫功能进行了检测。与正常对照组相比 ,感染组大鼠血清中IgG、IgM明显降低 ,C3补体增加 ;血清中IL 2、IL 6降低 ,TNF α增高 ;全血中CD+ 8增加 ,CD+ 4/CD+ 8比值降低 ;血浆中NO、MDA含量增加 ,GSH Px活性增加。结果表明 ,细胞因子和免疫球蛋白的紊乱导致机体体液免疫和细胞免疫功能的低下 ,并诱发肺部广泛的炎症反应 ,提示它们在肺炎支原体感染的发病机制及肺外并发症的发生中起重要作用。     

羊传染性胸膜肺炎的病理学诊断

采用常规的病理学诊断方法,对一例羊传染性胸膜肺炎进行了确诊。结果发现该病例具有胸膜肺炎的典型病理变化,呈现纤维素性肺炎和淋巴细胞性间质肺炎,纤维素性物质的渗出和炎性细胞的浸润很明显,肺胸膜增厚,同时在肺间质还可见水肿、出血、血栓和淋巴栓的形成;另外心、肝、肾也均有不同程度的变性,淋巴结呈反应性增生。同时还检验出其病原为支原体。     

A simplified PCR assay for fast and easy mycoplasma mastitis screening in dairy cattle

A simplified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for fast and easy screening of mycoplasma mastitis in dairy cattle. Species of major mycoplasma strains [Mycoplasma (M.) bovis, M. arginini, M. bovigenitalium, M. californicum, M. bovirhinis, M. alkalescens and M. canadense] in cultured milk samples were detected by this simplified PCR-based method as well as a standard PCR technique. The minimum concentration limit for detecting mycoplasma by the simplified PCR was estimated to be about 2.5 × 10³ cfu/mL and was similar to that of the standard PCR. We compared the specificity and sensitivity of the simplified PCR to those of a culture method. Out of 1,685 milk samples cultured in mycoplasma broth, the simplified PCR detected Mycoplasma DNA in 152 that were also positive according to the culture assay. The sensitivity and specificity of the simplified PCR were 98.7% and 99.7%, respectively, for detecting mycoplasma in those cultures. The results obtained by the simplified PCR were consistent with ones from standard PCR. This newly developed simplified PCR, which does not require DNA purification, can analyze about 300 cultured samples within 3 h. The results from our study suggest that the simplified PCR can be used for mycoplasma mastitis screening in large-scale dairy farms.     

鸡源霉形体PCR检测方法的研究

据基因库中鸡源霉形体16SrRNA基因序列，设计了一对跨幅为1026bp的引物，用这对引物对致病性鸡源霉形体MG，MS的DNA进行PCR扩增，结果扩增片段大小与设计相一致，而其它细菌扩增结果则均为阴性。     

猪肺炎支原体竞争定量 PCR检测方法的建立及初步应用

[目的]本试验旨在探索一种对猪肺炎支原体（Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae）培养物中的支原体进行快速检测的竞争定量 PCR方法。[方法]设计一对Mhp特异性引物,检测Mhp培养物;又根据支原体种属保守基因序列设计一对引物,通过酶切缺失法构建竞争模板,其携带与目的片段相同的引物结合区。[结果]以一系列稀释的竞争模板的对数值为横坐标（X轴）,竞争模板和目标模板扩增产物的光密度比值的校正值的对数值为纵坐标（Y轴）绘制标准曲线,根据 Y=0所对应的竞争模板的量推算求得支原体的拷贝数。以变色单位的对数值为 X轴,支原体的拷贝数为 Y轴,绘制出标准曲线,两者之间高度相关。[结论]成功建立了一种快速测定 Mhp培养物中支原体量的竞争PCR方法。     

猪肺炎支原体、鸡毒支原体膜蛋白免疫原性分析

通过分析猪肺炎支原体（Mhp）、鸡毒支原体（MG）膜蛋白的免疫原性及化学成分,为其致病机理的研究提供基础。分别采用SDS-PAGE、免疫印迹、高碘酸雪夫染色（PAS法）和高碘酸一硝酸银法对Mhp232株和MGFMF4株膜蛋白的分子量范围、种类和免疫原性进行分析,鉴定膜糖蛋白的数量与种类。Mhp膜蛋白分子量在30～250ku之间,有12条带;MG膜蛋白分子量在25～200ku之间,有29条带。免疫印迹表明,Mhp中46ku膜蛋白具有免疫原性;MG中56ku膜蛋白具有免疫原性。PAGE电泳表明,Mhp有5条带,MG有12条带。PAS法鉴定膜糖蛋白,Mhp有1条带,MG有2条带;高碘酸一硝酸银法鉴定膜糖蛋白,Mhp约在相同位置出现1条带,而MG显示7条带,表明此法的灵敏度高于PAS法。     

猪肺炎支原体的免疫原蛋白及疫苗的研究进展

猪肺炎支原体是引起猪支原体肺炎的主要病原,严重危害着养猪业的发展。本文综合国内外猪肺炎支原体主要免疫原及疫苗的研究进展,从而为猪肺炎支原体致病机理的进一步研究及该病的防治提供新思路。