Farrerol inhibits nicotine-induced proliferation of pulmonary vascular smooth muscle cells by enhancing Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 expression

AIM:To study the effect of farrerol (Far) on nicotine-induced proliferation of rat pulmonary smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), and further to explore its relationship with voltage-dependent potassium channels (Kv) 1.5 and Kv2.1. METHODS:Firstly, the effect of nicotine on the proliferation of PASMCs was detected by cell counting method, and the optimal concentration of nicotine was selected. Primary cultured PASMCs were randomly divided into 5 groups:normal control group, nicotine (1 μmol/L)group, nicotine (1 μmol/L) + Far (10^-6 mol/L, 10^-5 mol/L and 10^-4 mol/L) Far group. The activity of caspase-3 was measured by apoptosis kit, the cell viability was measured by CCK-8 assay, the apoptotic rate was analyzed by flow cytometry. The expression of Kv1.5 and Kv2.1, and apoptosis-related factors Bcl-2 and Bax at mRNA and protein levels was determined by RT-qPCR and Western blot respectively. RESULTS:Nicotine at 1 μmol/L increased the number of PASMCs to the maximum extent (P<0.01). Nicotine at 1 μmol/L significantly reduced the caspase-3 activity and enhanced the cell viability of the PASMCs (P<0.01). Farrerol at 10^-6~10^-4 mol/L eliminated the effect of PASMCs induced by nicotine in a concentration dependent manner. Compared with control group, nicotine at 1 μmol/L significantly increased the proliferation and inhibited the apoptotic rate of rat PASMCs (P<0.01). The apoptotic rate of PASMCs in farrerol intervention group was significantly higher than that in nicotine group (P<0.01). Nicotine at 1 μmol/L significantly inhibited the expression of Kv1.5, Kv2.1 and Bax but increased the expression of Bcl-2 in PASMCs (P<0.01). Farrerol at 10^-5 mol/L obviously inhibited the effect of PASMCs induced by nicotine. CONCLUSION:Farrerol eliminates nicotine-induced inhibition of caspase-3 and Bax, and enhancement of Bcl-2 in PASMCs by enhancing Kv1.5 and Kv2.1 expression.     

双向刮削式香蕉茎秆纤维提取机的设计

针对我国香蕉茎秆纤维机械提取研究不足,现有设备纤维提取率低、含杂率高及能耗较高的现状,基于纤维提取滚筒刮削机制,研究设计了双向刮削式香蕉茎秆纤维提取机。该机采用两个刮取滚筒异向转动的组合刮取方式,实现对香蕉茎秆纤维的提取利用。试验表明:该机的生产效率平均为203.7kg/h,香蕉茎秆纤维提取率平均为89.7%,香蕉茎秆纤维提取的含杂率平均为16.1%,满足了香蕉茎秆纤维提取的农艺需求。     

不同立地类型根灌、滴灌水分扩散规律

为掌握根灌、滴灌在不同立地类型土壤中的水分扩散规律,通过不同灌水梯度试验,采用挖剖面和直观观测法,研究了根灌和滴灌在不同立地类型土壤水分的垂直和水平扩散规律。结果表明:风沙土中根灌、滴灌水分垂直扩散明显小于水平扩散,且灌水时间与扩散速率均呈负相关对数关系。沙质壤土中根灌水分垂直扩散明显小于水平扩散,滴灌则垂直扩散速率大于水平扩散,两者差异不明显;灌水时间与扩散速率呈负相关对数关系。灰棕漠土中根灌初期水分垂直扩散和水平扩散相同,随时间增大,水平扩散速率大于垂直扩散;滴灌则垂直扩散速率大于水平扩散,但两者差异不明显;灌水时间与扩散速率也呈负相关对数关系。总体来看,根灌在不同立地类型土壤中的水分无论垂直扩散速率还是水平扩散速率都表现为:沙质壤土风沙土灰棕漠土;滴灌则无论水平扩散速率还是垂直扩散速率都表现为:灰棕漠土风沙土沙质壤土,两者扩散规律明显不同。     

面向对象多层次多尺度分割的农用大棚类型信息提取

为对不同农用大棚类型信息进行识别分类和精细化提取,以内蒙古河套灌区不同大棚类型为研究对象,基于Sentinel-2A卫星数据,采用面向对象结合多层多尺度分割技术和阈值分类方法,对大棚类型信息进行提取并对最终提取结果展开精度评价和分析研究。首先利用尺度参数估计（Estimation of Scale Parameter2, ESP2）方法进行了分层分割并优选出最佳分割尺度,在各层最优分割尺度上进行光谱、指数、几何、纹理等特征的提取与优化,获取最优特征组合;然后运用多层多尺度分割阈值分类方法提取不同大棚类型信息。结果表明不同大棚类型信息总体精度达94.8%,kappa系数达0.93。其中：塑料大棚的制图精度和用户精度分别为95.3%和96.6%;单屋面温室大棚制图精度和用户精度分别为88.5%和92.6%。基于多层多尺度分割分类的信息提取方法分别考虑了不同地物最优分割尺度,在不同地物各自的最优分割尺度上提取其信息,以抑制过度分割或亚分割现象,从而降低错分或漏分。因此,高分辨率卫星数据与面向对象多层多尺度分割分类的信息提取方法能够有效提高大棚类型信息提取精度,且能为地物信息精细提取技术体系提供一定参考思路。     

Effects of DHRS3 in C2C12 Myoblast Differentiation and Mouse Skeletal Muscle Injury

Myoblast differentiation is an essential process during skeletal muscle development. C2 C12 myoblast is a commonly used experimental model to study muscle cell differentiation in vitro. Dehydrogenase/reductase(SDR family) member 3(DHRS3) is a highly conserved member in short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase/reductase superfamily and has been shown to be involved in the metabolism of retinol. Previous experimental results showed that the expression of DHRS3 increased significantly during the differentiation of myoblasts differentiation. However, the effect of DHRS3 on mouse muscle cell differentiation was unclear. The objective of current study was to determine if DHRS3 affected muscle cell differentiation, and if DHRS3 was involved in muscle regeneration. Protein expression was determined by western blot and immunofluorescence analysis. The activation and inhibition of DHRS3 increased and decreased C2 C12 myoblast differentiation respectively, which indicated that DHRS3 could affect C2 C12 myoblast differentiation. DHRS3 expression was significantly changed during muscle regeneration, with the regeneration of muscle injury, the expression of DHRS3 tended to increase first and then decrease. It suggested that DHRS3 might be involved in muscle regeneration. In summary, this study confirmed the involvement of DHRS3 in C2 C12 myoblast differentiation and mouse skeletal muscle regeneration and provided a theoretical basis for further elucidating the molecular mechanism of muscle development.     

日粮镁对肉仔鸡腿肌中活性氧产量的影响

本试验目的是研究日粮镁水平对肉仔鸡腿肌中活性氧(reactive oxygen species , ROS)产量的影响。96只AA肉仔鸡随机分配到低镁日粮组和对照组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只鸡,分别喂以镁含量1 .2 g/kg或2 .4 g/kg的日粮。与对照组相比,低镁组肉仔鸡腿肌中谷胱甘肽(glutathione , GSH)的含量降低了27 %(P<0 .01) ,丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)的含量提高了40 %(P<0 .01)。采食低镁日粮的肉仔鸡腿肌匀浆液的ROS信号峰的高度显著高于对照组(P<0 .01)。对照组腿肌镁的浓度(30 .27 mg/kg)显著高于低镁组腿肌镁的浓度(27 .40 mg/kg)。腿肌中铁、钙的含量在两组之间差异不显著(P>0 .05)。与对照组相比,低镁组腿肌线粒体复合酶Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的活性分别提高了28 %、23 %(P<0 .01)、35 %(P<0 .01)和30 %,线粒体复合酶Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ的活性与ROS产量之间呈显著的负相关关系(P<0 .05)。除C18∶2的含量显著高于对照组外,其他多不饱和脂肪酸含量在两组之间没有差异。本试验结果表明低镁日粮实质性地提高肉仔鸡腿肌中ROS的产量,低镁日粮降低腿肌中镁的浓度,诱导了线粒体呼吸链酶活性升高,从而提高了ROS的产量。     

群居型和散居型亚洲小车蝗成虫能量代谢相关酶活性测定

为明确亚洲小车蝗Oedaleus asiaticus成虫飞行肌对其体内能源物质利用的情况,采用室内生化法测定能源物质代谢相关5种酶,即3-磷酸甘油醛脱氢酶(glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase,GAPDH)、3-磷酸甘油脱氢酶(glycerol-3-phosphate dehyd...     

草本纤维生物提取菌株分泌的关键酶研究

为研究草本纤维生物提取菌株分泌的关键酶种类和特性,采用经典的DNS法对草本纤维生物提取菌株分泌的果胶酶、甘露聚糖酶和木聚糖酶进行系统分析。结果表明,6 个草本纤维非纤维素降解菌株均能同步产果胶酶、甘露聚糖酶和木聚糖酶;在培养的第9~11 h,菌株CBXW-3 分泌的果胶酶活力最高达123 IU/mL,其次为菌株CBXW-1 的果胶酶活力105 IU/mL;菌株CBXW-4 的甘露聚糖酶活力最高达214.2 IU/mL,其次为菌株CBXW-1 的甘露聚糖酶活力162.1 IU/mL;菌株CBXW-4 的木聚糖酶活力最高为111.4 IU/mL,其次为菌株CBXW-6 的木聚糖酶活力87.6 IU/mL。由此得出,6 个目标菌株分泌的草本纤维非纤维素降解酶系种类丰富,酶活力高,可为阐明草本纤维生物提取机理和开发微生物资源的应用价值提供科学依据。     

60Co-γ射线辐照剂量对生鲜草鱼肌肉品质的影响

以生鲜草鱼肌肉为材料,采用不同剂量的60Co-γ射线辐照处理草鱼肌肉,并测定辐照前后草鱼肌肉的品质,以研究60Co-γ射线辐照剂量对肌肉品质的影响。结果表明,随着辐照剂量的增加,草鱼肌肉中的细菌总数呈指数下降,肌肉中的含水量明显减少（p＜0.05）,而辐照剂量对鱼肉中的粗蛋白、粗脂肪、碳水化合物和灰分含量无影响,辐照前后草鱼肌肉的饱和脂肪酸与不饱和脂肪酸总量无显著性差异。草鱼肌肉在0和2 kGy辐照其挥发性盐基态氮（TVB-N）值保持在一级鲜度,4～10 kGy剂量辐照保持在二级鲜度;辐照剂量的增加,使TBA值增大,草鱼肌肉产生刺激性气味加重,肌肉颜色逐渐由红色变为暗红色,肌肉组织表面逐渐变得不光滑。在低于8 kGy剂量的60Co-γ射线辐照对草鱼肌肉的品质影响不大。      

水稻插秧机植物纤维地膜敷设装置开口机构设计

针对自制的水稻插秧机植物纤维地膜敷设装置由秧爪直接进行开口插秧、而导致开口质量较差的问题,利用ADAMS建立了偏心齿轮式分插机构的运动仿真模型,通过轨迹跟踪及逐次逼近的方法确定了开口刀尖点的最优坐标为(-159.8,54.9)。依此建立双臂同步开口机构仿真模型并对开口插秧过程进行了仿真模拟,结果表明机构满足设计要求。最后,对同步开口机构开口刀的装配结构进行了优化设计。