大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的回归分析

该研究利用SPSS软件分析了大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的回归,大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次的二次方回归和三次方回归的拟合度(R2)分别为0.9246和0.9269,可见两种模型下的回归方程的拟合度都比较高。产羔数对胎次的二次方回归方程中的所有回归参数均达到极显著水平(P<0.01),说明大尾寒羊产羔数对胎次用二次方回归方程具有一定的应用价值。     

青藏高原高寒草甸草地NPK施肥组合研究

采用三因子二次正交旋转组合回归设计,以N、P和K3种肥料为因子,在青海省玉树州高寒草地进行施肥试验。结果表明,缺乏N和P的高寒退化草地,不缺K,3个施肥因素对牧草产量的影响顺序为NPK,草地牧草产量(Y,kg/hm2)可用其与N(kg/hm2)和P(kg/hm2)间的二元二次方程Y鲜重=11 027+742 N+728 P-2 540 N2-624 P2-1 055 NP和Y干重=3 706+243 N+232 P-716 N2-201 P2-306 NP很好地估测;牧草产量较优施肥组合为251.80 kg N/hm2+131.82 kg P/hm2和269.69 kg N/hm2+119.36 kg P/hm2。     

AA肉鸡腿肌重活体估测方法的探讨

以AA肉鸡商品代为试验材料,分析0、7、14、21、28、35、42日龄公、母鸡整体和腿肌的累积生长,建立腿肌重(y)与活重(x)之间的直线回归、幂回归、指数回归、对数回归及多项式回归方程,探讨腿肌重的活体估测方法。结果表明,AA肉鸡的腿肌在后期生长迅速,尤其是公鸡在35～42日龄时期表现突出;腿肌重(y)与活重(x)的幂回归、直线回归、多项式回归方程的拟合精度均在0.95左右,效果较好。     

狂犬病毒中和抗体检测试验中病毒回归试验的重要性

狂犬病毒中和试验的病毒回归试验表明,病毒攻毒液的实际剂量与理论剂量不完全一致.建议在新版<中华人民共和国兽用生物制品质量标准>中增加对病毒攻毒实际剂量范围的规定,以使结果的判定更为合理.     

Presence–absence surveys of prey and their use in predicting leopard (Panthera pardus) densities: a case study from Armenia

It is important to predict how many individuals of a predator species can survive in a given area on the basis of prey sufficiency and to compare predictive estimates with actual numbers to understand whether or not key threats are related to prey availability. Rugged terrain and low detection probabilities do not allow for the use of traditional prey count techniques in mountain areas. We used presence–absence occupancy modeling and camera‐trapping to estimate the abundance and densities of prey species and regression analysis to predict leopard (Panthera pardus) densities from estimated prey biomass in the mountains of the Nuvadi area, Meghri Ridge, southern Armenia. The prey densities were 12.94 ± 2.18 individuals km^?2 for the bezoar goat (Capra aegagrus), 6.88 ± 1.56 for the wild boar (Sus scrofa) and 0.44 ± 0.20 for the roe deer (Capreolus capreolus). The detection probability of the prey was a strong function of the activity patterns, and was highest in diurnal bezoar goats (0.59 ± 0.09). Based on robust regression, the estimated total ungulate prey biomass (720.37 ± 142.72 kg km^?2) can support a leopard density of 7. 18 ± 3.06 individuals 100 km^?2. The actual leopard density is only 0.34 individuals 100 km^?2 (i.e. one subadult male recorded over the 296.9 km²), estimated from tracking and camera‐trapping. The most plausible explanation for this discrepancy between predicted and actual leopard density is that poaching and disturbance caused by livestock breeding, plant gathering, deforestation and human‐induced wild fires are affecting the leopard population in Armenia.     

西南桦人工林单株生物量的回归模型

通过对林分进行每木调查,以D-H曲线进行平均木选择,分径阶伐倒平均木获得生物量数据。以幂指数模型为基础对西南桦人工林的单株生物量模型进行了模拟,以胸径(D)、树高(H)、1/2树高处直径(D1/2)、胸径平方乘树高(D2H)等作自变量,所选择的树干、树枝、树叶、树根的回归模型分别为:Wt=0.563D2.631、Wb=0.0003D3.6499、Wl=0.0022D2.6063、Wr=1.4×10-7H5.9972。以胸径(D)、树高(H)、1/2树高处直径(D1/2)、胸径平方乘树高(D2H)等作自变量的回归模型均可作为全树生物量预测模型。     

双酶分步水解制备棉籽多肽工艺条件优化

为高效制备棉籽多肽,采用Alcalase酶和Flavourzyme酶对棉籽蛋白进行双酶分步水解.在前期单因素试验的基础上,通过Plackett-Burrman设计对影响其多肽得率的相关因素进行评估并筛选出具有显著效应的3个因素,然后通过三因素三水平的 Box-Behnken 响应面分析法确定双酶分步水解棉籽蛋白的最优操作条件为:底物浓度(w/v)8.36%,先用Alcalase 酶在温度59.9℃、pH值8.0、酶用量25000 U/g的条件下水解150 min,再用Flavourzyme酶在温度50℃、pH值6.0、酶用量27430 U/g的条件下水解120 min,多肽得率可达到65.07%.     

基于GIS的降水多元回归模型在黑河干流山区的应用

结合GIS和统计学方法,利用21个站点气象数据和DEM（基于5个因子：高程、坡度、坡向、经度和纬度）在黑河干流山区构建一种多元非线性回归模型,用以模拟研究区降水量空间分布,并分析了全年、湿季和干季3种情景及3种不同空间分辨率数据相互耦合下的雨量变化。结果表明,该模型可解释研究区74.5%的年降水空间变异,对湿季降水量解释效果要好于全年和干季两种情景;100 m分辨率下的3种降水模型效果均为最好;降水量空间分布不均匀,100 m分辨率下,由西北部不足200 mm增加至东南部700 mm左右,降水量分界线呈西北-东南走向;500 m分辨率的降水量分界呈带状,有一定程度上移;1 000 m分辨率的降水量分布误差大。本研究采用的建模方法有较强移植性,可在其他山区开发类似模型,利用其模拟结果进行更深入的研究,今后在建模中加入空间化的风速变量有可能进一步提高模型精度。     

Duration of Anthelmintic Effect of Three Formulations of Ivermectin (Oral,Injectable and Pour-on) Against Multiple Anthelmintic-Resistant <Emphasis Type="Italic">Haemonchus contortus</Emphasis> in Sheep

We report the results of investigations that were conducted in a sheep flock in Uttaranchal, India where repeated failure of anthelmintic medication was noted. The study revealed that Haemonchus contortus in sheep had developed resistance to benzimidazoles (fenbendazole, mebendazole and albendazole), imidazothiazole (levamisole) and salicylanide (rafoxanide), while it was fully susceptible to avermectins (ivermectin). Further, the suppression of nematode egg output in faeces of sheep naturally infected with multiple anthelmintic-resistant H. contortus following treatment with ivermectin tablet (0.4 mg/kg body weight (bw), orally), ivermectin injection (1% w/v, 0.2 mg/kg bw, subcutaneously) and ivermectin pour-on (0.5 w/v, 0.5 mg/kg bw) was also studied over a period of 10 weeks post treatment. It was noted that ivermectin tablet after initial clearance of infection (faecal egg count reduction 100%), could not prevent establishment of new patent natural infection for even a single day, while ivermectin pour-on and injection prevented the establishment of new infection for 7 and 14 days post treatment, respectively. Maximum protection period (duration for which mean faecal egg count of sheep reaches 500 eggs per gram of faeces or more) of 68 days was recorded in sheep treated with injectable ivermectin, followed by pour-on (60 days) and oral (53 days) preparations.     

Dual-purpose Guzerá cattle exhibit high dairy performance under heat stress

The present study evaluated the heat stress response pattern of dual-purpose Guzerá cattle for test-day (TD) milk yield records of first lactation and estimated genetic parameters and trends related to heat stress. A total of 31,435 TD records from 4,486 first lactations of Guzerá cows, collected between 1986 and 2012, were analysed. Two random regression models considered days in milk (DIM) and/or temperature × humidity-dependent (THI) covariate. Impacts of −0.037, −0.019 and −0.006 kg/day/THI for initial and intermediate stages of lactation were observed when considering the mean maximum daily temperature and humidity to calculate THI. Heritability estimates ranged from 0.16 to 0.35 throughout lactation and THI values, suggesting the possibility to expect gains from selection for such trait. The variable trajectory of breeding values for dual-purpose Guzerá sires in response to changes in THI values confirms that the genotype × environment interaction due to heat stress can have some effect on TD milk yield. Despite the high dairy performance of Guzerá cattle under heat stress, estimated genetic trends showed a progressive reduction in heat tolerance. Therefore, new strategies should be adopted to prevent negative impacts of heat stress over milk production in Guzerá animals in future.