母猪产后泌乳障碍综合征研究进展

母猪产后泌乳障碍综合征(PPDS)是种猪场的棘手问题之一,其病因多达30 多种,发病机理尚不明确,造成防治困难。PP DS的发病率具有明显的季节性,夏季的发病率明显高于其他3 个季节。其危害性主要表现在母猪生产性能下降、仔猪生长不良引起的经济效益下降。国内学者曾对PPDS的流行病学和防治方法进行了不少研究,积累了丰富的经验;国外文献报道了不少该病的病原及内分泌学方面的研究,对探明PPDS 的发病机理有重要意义。     

Evaluation of high nutrient diets and additional dextrose on reproductive performance and litter performance of heat‐stressed lactating sows

This study investigated the litter performance of lactating sows fed nutrient‐dense diets with or without dextrose at farrowing to weaning, during the summer with an average room temperature of 28.4°C. A total of 60 (13 first parity, 13 second parity, 19 third parity, and 15 forth parity) cross‐bred sows were assigned to three treatments. The three treatments were: standard diet (ST), high nutrient diet (HN; ST + 3% higher energy and 18.0% protein), and high nutrient diet plus dextrose (HND; 3% higher energy, 18.0% protein, and 5% dextrose). BW loss was reduced in the HND sows compared with the ST sows during lactation. The HN and HND sows had a higher piglet and litter weight at weaning. Also, the HND sows had the highest post‐prandial insulin levels at weaning and the shortest weaning‐to‐service interval (WSI). Serum LH was higher in the HND sows than the ST sows. The milk fat level was higher in the HND sows compared with the ST sows, but similar to the HN sows. In conclusion, these results suggest that it is possible to increase the blood insulin response by supplementing dextrose to a high nutrient diet, thus, improving WSI interval and litter growth during heat stress.     

妊娠后期和泌乳期日粮添加生姜、八角和丹参对母猪抗氧化性能和繁殖性能的影响

试验旨在研究妊娠后期和泌乳期日粮中添加生姜、八角和丹参对母猪抗氧化性能和繁殖性能的影响。试验选择胎次一致、平均体重(164.28±1.30) kg的莱芜黑猪妊娠经产母猪36头,随机分为4个处理,每个处理9个重复。对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组在对照组的基础上分别添加10g/kg姜粉、5g/kg八角粉和10g/kg丹参粉(即Cont.组、GIN组、SA组和DS组)。结果表明,GIN组、SA组和DS组母猪血清中GSH含量、初乳中乳蛋白含量及初乳T-AOC均显著高于Cont.组(P<0.05);GIN组和DS组初乳中乳脂含量均显著高于Cont.组(P<0.05),SA组和DS组初乳中乳糖含量显著高于Cont.组(P<0.05);各处理间窝产活仔数、21 d成活率、仔猪初生窝重和21 d窝重均无显著差异(P>0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加10g/kg生姜、5g/kg八角和10g/kg丹参可提高母猪血清和初乳的抗氧化水平,提高初乳营养价值,但对母猪繁殖性能无影响。     

饲粮添加中药渣和发酵中药渣对母猪繁殖性能与子代发育的影响

本试验旨在通过研究微生物发酵中药渣对围产期母猪繁殖性能和子代发育的影响,为中药渣的二次开发利用提供依据。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠85 d的健康二元母猪60头,随机分为3组,每组20头。3组分别在基础饲粮中添加2 kg/t米糠(对照组)、2 kg/t中药渣制剂(由黄芪、当归、熟地黄和白芍等组成,中药渣组)和2 kg/t发酵中药渣制剂(发酵中药渣组)。从产前21 d开始饲喂,到产后21 d结束。分别于妊娠110 d、产后21 d时测量母猪背膘厚,记录母猪的产仔数、产活仔数、死胎数、木乃伊数和母猪产后发情间隔;记录仔猪初生窝重,7、14和21日龄窝增重,并计算平均日增重;每天观察仔猪腹泻情况,并计算腹泻率。结果表明:与对照组相比,发酵中药渣组仔猪断奶窝增重显著增加(P0.05),中药渣组和发酵中药渣组仔猪1~14日龄、1~21日龄腹泻率显著增加(P0.05);与中药渣组相比,发酵中药渣组仔猪7日龄窝增重显著增加(P0.05),平均日增重呈升高趋势(P=0.053)。由此可见,围产期母猪饲粮添加中药渣制剂虽然造成哺乳仔猪一定程度的腹泻,但可促进其生长发育,添加发酵中药渣制剂效果更好。     

初配日龄对母猪产仔性能的影响

根据某猪场淘汰的203头母猪的生产记录,对不同初配日龄母猪的头胎产仔数、产仔胎数及产仔总数进行统计分析。结果表明,240～269日龄的初配母猪头胎产活仔数最少,270～299日龄的初配母猪平均产仔胎数最少,300～329日龄的初配母猪平均产仔胎数和产活仔总数最高,210～239日龄的初配母猪平均产仔胎数最低。从最佳经济效益来看,母猪的最佳初配日龄为210～239日龄。     

噬菌体制剂对母猪生产性能、免疫指标及粪便微生物的影响

试验旨在研究噬菌体对母猪生产性能、免疫指标和粪便微生物数量的影响.试验选取96头健康长大二元母猪,随机分为4组,每组24头猪.空白对照组母猪饲喂基础日粮,试验组1、试验组2和试验组3分别在基础日粮中加入100、300、500 g/t的沙门氏菌噬菌体、大肠杆菌噬菌体和产气荚膜梭菌噬菌体组成的复合制剂,试验周期为35 d....     

宫内发育迟缓仔猪胎盘血管发育的分子机制及其营养调控

宫内发育迟缓(IUGR)降低仔猪存活率和生长性能,给养猪业带来严重经济损失.如何有效降低IUGR仔猪的出生,一直是行业关注的科学问题.胎盘是一个高度血管化的器官,其血管生成异常会阻碍氧气和营养物质的正常运输,导致胎盘无法正常向胎儿提供足够的营养物质,这可能是引起仔猪IUGR的重要因素.鉴于胎盘血管在胎猪生长过程中扮演的...     

Effects of Dietary Ginger Root,Star Anise and Dan-shen Root on Antioxidant Status and Reproductive Performance of Sows during Late Gestation and Lactation

The experiment was conducted to study the effects of diatary ginger root, star anise and dan-shen root on antioxidant status and reproductive performance of sows during late gestation and lactation.A total of 36 Laiwu Black pregnant sows with average weight of 164.28 kg±1.30 kg and similar parity were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 9 replicates per treatment.The control group was fed a basal diet, and the experimental groups were fed the basal diet supplemented with 10 g/kg ginger root, 5 g/kg star anise and 10 g/kg dan-shen root, respectively(ie Cont., GIN, SA, DS groups).The results showed that the concentrations of glutathione in serum and milk protein in colostrum, activity of total antioxidant capacity in colostrum of GIN, SA and DS groups were significantly higher than that of Cont.group(P<0.05).The concentration of milk fat in colostrum of GIN and DS groups were higher than that of Cont.group(P<0.05).Comparing to Cont.group, the concentration of lactose in colostrum was significantly higher(P<0.05) of SA and DS groups.All groups had similar number of born live, 21 d survival rate, birth weight of born and 21 d weight of born(P>0.05).In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 10 g/kg ginger root, 5 g/kg star anise and 10 g/kg dan-shen root could increase antioxidant status of serum and colostrum of sows, improve the nutritional value of colostrum, but had no effect on reproductive performance.     

猪葡萄球菌病的诊断与治疗

贵州省黔东南州某个体养猪场,由于天气炎热,母猪圈舍内通风不良、阴暗、潮湿,地面排污不畅,猪浑身污浊,导致10头母猪患病,发病母猪的临床症状主要表现为局部脓肿、阴道流出脓性粘稠样分泌物。采集发病母猪的脓汁、阴道分泌物涂片镜检,再进行细菌分离培养和生化鉴定,最后诊断为猪葡萄球菌病,用氨苄青霉素、红霉素结合外科手术治愈了病猪。     

营养素及添加剂改善哺乳母猪泌乳力、生产性能和血液参数的研究进展

在母猪妊娠期和泌乳期日粮中添加不同水平的营养素或添加剂可改善哺乳母猪的泌乳力、生产性能和某些血液参数。文章就添加蛋白质、氨基酸、油脂、纤维、微量元素、维生素及添加剂对哺乳母猪的影响展开分析。