丁酸梭菌对哺乳母猪繁殖性能、免疫和抗氧化功能的影响

本试验旨在研究丁酸梭菌对哺乳母猪免疫和抗氧化的影响,选取健康经产长白母猪32头(胎次和预产期相近),随机分为4组,每组8个重复,每个重复1头.对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验组分别在基础日粮基础上添加250、500、1000 mg/kg丁酸梭菌.预试期7 d,试验期为28 d(产前7 d至21 d断奶).结果 表明:哺乳第1天...     

淮猪新品系二世代母猪泌乳性能的研究

[目的]为了研究淮猪新品系的生理特性,加速其开发利用,健全其科学饲养措施。[方法]选取淮猪新品系二世代健康母猪4头,测定其泌乳力。在28 d内,分7次进行泌乳测定,每次测定持续时间24 h,每隔2小时测定每次,测定时以该窝仔猪的前后两次的体重之差记为母猪的该次泌乳量,24 h(12次)测定的泌乳量为该母猪该天的泌乳量。[结果]结果表明:淮猪新品系二世代母猪泌乳量在泌乳期内呈先上升后下降,然后上升并达到最大值的变化趋势;28 d母猪泌乳期总泌乳量为163.24 kg,每头日平均泌乳量为1.458 kg,每天每头母猪泌乳量最高达1.817 kg/d;在12:00~18:00时间段内,淮猪新品系二世代母猪的泌乳量高于其他时间段,且在0.01水平显著高于0:00~6:00和18:00~0:00两个时间段。[结论]该研究为淮猪新品系的推广与应用提供了理论依据。     

Effects of dietary glucose level during late gestation on litter performance and glucose concentration in sows

The effects of feeding glucose during the 5 days before parturition on litter performance and on glucose concentration in sows were studied. At day 100 of gestation, 130 multiparous sows were assigned to the treatments. Late gestating sows were fed 0 g, 150 g, 250 g, 350 g and 450 g of glucose a day, respectively. During lactation, all sows were given free access to the same lactation diet (without glucose). One day before parturition, blood samples were collected from 30 sows (6 sows per treatment) at 10 before and 20, 40, 60 and 80 min after the meal. The supply of additional dietary glucose increased piglet birth weight ( P  < 0.05). Feed intake in week 1 and week 1–4 of lactation was greatest in sows fed the 0% glucose diet, least by sows fed the 18% glucose diet, and intermediate by sows fed the 6, 10, 14% glucose diets ( P  < 0.05). Basal glucose concentration and time of maximum glucose concentration after glucose intake were not affected by dietary treatment in the last 5 days of gestation. The sows fed the 14 and 18% glucose diets had greater maximum increase in glucose concentration than sows fed diet without glucose ( P  < 0.05). In conclusion, feeding glucose to sows during 5 days before parturition increased birth weight of live-born piglet and decreased sows feed intake during lactation, but did not affect the performance of sows and piglets.     

不同脂肪源对哺乳母猪繁殖性能及养分消化率的影响

试验旨在研究哺乳母猪日粮中添加不同脂肪源对母猪繁殖性能和饲粮养分消化率的影响。选取第3胎次PIC母猪30头,随机分配到3个处理,即对照组、2%大豆油组和2%脂肪粉组,每个处理10个重复。试验从母猪分娩开始,到仔猪21日龄断奶时结束。结果表明:与对照组相比,脂肪粉组第3周平均日增重(ADG)和第3周窝增重分别提高了26.29%(P<0.05)和23.93%(P>0.05),大豆油组分别提高了19.72%(P>0.05)和17.85%(P>0.05)。且脂肪粉组的提高幅度最大。由此可知,饲粮中添加不同脂肪源可提高饲粮养分消化率,改善哺乳仔猪的生产性能,且脂肪粉优于大豆油。     

后非洲猪瘟时期洋三元（DLY）商品母猪作种用的可行性分析及建议

自从2018年非洲猪瘟在中国暴发以来,为了尽快恢复产能,我国很多猪场在生产上开始采用洋三元商品母猪留作种用。通过收集某大型猪场的二元（（LY）母猪和洋三元（DLY）商品母猪的生产记录,统计两者在生产成绩上的差异,并综合其他文献来分析洋三元商品母猪留作种用的优缺点,给出改进的措施,为后非洲猪瘟时期养猪生产提供参考。     

复合植物提取物对妊娠母猪繁殖性能的影响

为研究复合植物提取物对妊娠母猪繁殖性能的影响,试验选取40头妊娠85 d大长二元母猪,随机分为对照组、植物提取物组(1000 mg/kg),每头猪为一个重复,试验期为妊娠85 d至分娩。结果表明:植物提取物组仔猪初生重较对照组提高7.6%(P<0.05),并且植物提取物组高初生重仔猪的比例增加(P<0.01),低初生重仔猪的比例减少(P<0.05)。综上,复合植物提取物可提高仔猪初生重,改善仔猪均匀度,提高母猪的繁殖性能。     

Prevalence of Streptococcus suis Isolated from Clinically Healthy Sows in China

Streptococcus suis is an important pathogen in pigs. Transmission of this pathogen is generally believed to occur between healthy carrier sows and their offspring, so the carrier status of S. suis in healthy sows is important for the control of S. suis infections in pigs, especially in suckling and growing pigs. In this study, the prevalence of S. suis isolated from clinically healthy sows in China was studied for the first time. A total of 1 043 tonsil samples were collected from clinically healthy sows from 10 regions in China from 2005 to 2007. Among the 421 S. suis isolates, 31 strains were identified as capsular type 2. The results showed that S. suis was widespread in swine herds in China with the carrier rates in different herds ranging from 19.5 to 93.9%. Overall, 40.4 and 3.0% of clinically healthy sows harbored S. suis and capsular type 2 in their palatine tonsils, respectively. Statistically significant differences of carrier rates of S. suis and capsular type 2 between the different farms were observed, which was independent of herd sizes and geographic distributions of different herds.     

低粗蛋白质补充氨基酸日粮对妊娠母猪繁殖性能和蛋白质代谢的影响

选择胎次、预产期、体重相近的妊娠母猪24头,采用单因子试验设计,随机分为3个处理,每个处理设8个重复。对照组饲喂常规饲料,粗蛋白质（CP）水平为14.5%,试验组Ⅰ和Ⅱ为低CP补充氨基酸日粮,其CP水平分别为12.5%和10.5%。各处理氨基酸水平相同。试验期为从配种后20 d左右确定受孕后开始,直到产仔结束。试验结果表明：①与对照组相比,妊娠母猪采食低CP日粮,对其繁殖性能如总产仔数、活仔数、初生重及背膘厚无显著影响（P>0.05）。②对照组血清尿素氮的含量与试验组Ⅰ差异不显著（P>0.05）,而显著高于试验组Ⅱ（P<0.05）。试验组Ⅰ的血清尿素氮的含量与试验组Ⅱ差异显著（P<0.05）。血糖含量随CP水平的降低有下降的趋势,对照组血糖含量与试验组Ⅰ差异不显著（P>0.05）,而与试验组Ⅱ差异显著（P<0.05）;试验组Ⅰ和Ⅱ血糖含量差异不显著（P>0.05）。③饲料CP的表观消化率随着CP的降低有上升的趋势,试验组Ⅰ与对照组相比差异不显著（P>0.05）,而试验组Ⅱ显著高于试验组Ⅰ和对照组（P<0.05）。综上所述,妊娠母猪采食低CP补充氨基酸日粮,对其繁殖性能及背膘厚无显著影响。     

饲粮添加中药渣和发酵中药渣对母猪繁殖性能与子代发育的影响

本试验旨在通过研究微生物发酵中药渣对围产期母猪繁殖性能和子代发育的影响,为中药渣的二次开发利用提供依据。试验选用2~4胎次、预产期相近的妊娠85 d的健康二元母猪60头,随机分为3组,每组20头。3组分别在基础饲粮中添加2 kg/t米糠(对照组)、2 kg/t中药渣制剂(由黄芪、当归、熟地黄和白芍等组成,中药渣组)和2 kg/t发酵中药渣制剂(发酵中药渣组)。从产前21 d开始饲喂,到产后21 d结束。分别于妊娠110 d、产后21 d时测量母猪背膘厚,记录母猪的产仔数、产活仔数、死胎数、木乃伊数和母猪产后发情间隔;记录仔猪初生窝重,7、14和21日龄窝增重,并计算平均日增重;每天观察仔猪腹泻情况,并计算腹泻率。结果表明:与对照组相比,发酵中药渣组仔猪断奶窝增重显著增加(P0.05),中药渣组和发酵中药渣组仔猪1~14日龄、1~21日龄腹泻率显著增加(P0.05);与中药渣组相比,发酵中药渣组仔猪7日龄窝增重显著增加(P0.05),平均日增重呈升高趋势(P=0.053)。由此可见,围产期母猪饲粮添加中药渣制剂虽然造成哺乳仔猪一定程度的腹泻,但可促进其生长发育,添加发酵中药渣制剂效果更好。     

母猪产后泌乳障碍综合征研究进展

母猪产后泌乳障碍综合征(PPDS)是种猪场的棘手问题之一,其病因多达30 多种,发病机理尚不明确,造成防治困难。PP DS的发病率具有明显的季节性,夏季的发病率明显高于其他3 个季节。其危害性主要表现在母猪生产性能下降、仔猪生长不良引起的经济效益下降。国内学者曾对PPDS的流行病学和防治方法进行了不少研究,积累了丰富的经验;国外文献报道了不少该病的病原及内分泌学方面的研究,对探明PPDS 的发病机理有重要意义。