切梢小蠹蛀食云南松枝梢行为研究

横坑切梢小蠹(Tomicus minor)和云南切梢小蠹(Tomicus yunnanensis)是两种重要的松属(Pinus)蛀干害虫,通过蛀梢危害与蛀干危害共同致死云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)。通过林间自然调查,对横坑切梢小蠹和云南切梢小蠹蛀食枝梢影响因素进行了探讨。结果表明,蛀梢坑道长度与枝梢长度和蛀梢直径呈显著相关,且切梢小蠹侵入枝梢的部位也很大程度上决定了蛀梢坑道的长度,二者显著相关。研究发现,影响横坑切梢小蠹蛀梢坑道长度的主要因素为侵入孔位置,而影响云南切梢小蠹的主要因素为枝梢长度,枝梢直径,侵入孔位置。     

Partial ligation of the transposed parotid duct at the level of the parotid gland for excessive salivary secretions

Objective To determine the outcome and effect of a partial ligation of the transposed parotid duct at the level of the parotid gland in four dogs with excessive salivation and ocular irritation. Methods Four dogs were previously diagnosed with absolute keratoconjunctivitis sicca. After a parotid duct transposition (PDT) surgery, these dogs experienced excessive saliva production and abundant salivary precipitates, which resulted in epiphora, moist dermatitis, blepharospasm, and keratitis. In an effort to decrease saliva production, a partial ligation of the transposed duct at the level of the parotid gland was performed. Two or three accessory branches to the primary parotid duct were ligated at the level of the salivary gland. Results The four cases were three Yorkshire terriers and a Chihuahua. The average age of the four patients was 2.5 years. Partial ligation of accessory branches of the parotid duct at the level of the parotid gland after a PDT in this study demonstrated improved ocular comfort, decreased salivary precipitates, and adequate Schirmer tear test results without marked epiphora in three of the four animals. The male Yorkshire had epiphora after the initial partial ligations of two accessory branches were placed at the level of the parotid gland. To correct the excessive salivary flow, two additional ligatures were placed at a later date, which resolved the epiphora. Conclusion Partial ligation of the parotid duct at the level of the parotid gland proved to be an effective technique in moderating the salivation in these four patients with excessive salivary secretions after PDT.     

Use of a sclerosing agent (1% polidocanol) to treat an orbital mucocele in a dog

A case of a salivary gland mucocele in a dog causing nonpainful exopthalmos with dorsolateral deviation of the globe and protrusion of the third eyelid. Diagnosis was made via ultrasound and confirmed with computed tomography. Aspiration of the cystic material along with injection of a sclerosing agent, 1% polidocanol (Aethoxysklerol), was used to destroy the mucocele. Follow-up monthly examination post injection confirmed resolution of clinical signs to date, namely abnormal globe position, with no complications observed.     

水鳖科三种海草的染色体及其核型的研究(英文)

[目的]对采自海南黎安港的3种水鳖科海草—海菖蒲(Enhalus acoroides)、泰来藻(Thalassia hemprichii)和小喜盐草(Halophila minor)的染色体及其核型进行研究。[方法]采用海菖蒲和泰来藻的根尖及小喜盐草的腋芽为材料,采用常规压片法制备染色体玻片标本,并对其进行核型分析。[结果]海菖蒲和泰来藻的染色体数目为 2n=18,小喜盐草的染色体数目为2n=28,两者均未发现B染色体和随体;海菖蒲、泰来藻和小喜盐草的核型公式分别为K(2n)=18=12m+6sm,K(2n)=18=12m+6sm,K(2n)=28=16m+8sm+4st;按Stebbins的核型分类标准,海菖蒲和泰来藻的染色体属2A类型,小喜盐草为2B型。[结论]通过对3种海草核型进行比较发现,海菖蒲与泰来藻的核型差距很小,而它们与小喜盐草的核型差距较大,说明海菖蒲与泰来藻的亲缘关系更近。     

抗凋亡基因bcl—2在涎腺癌中的表达及意义

目的：观察ｂｃｌ－２基因表达对涎腺癌发生及发展的关系。方法；采用免疫组织化学法对５５例涎腺癌，２５例癌旁涎腺组织及１１例多形性腺瘤组织ｂｃｌ－２表达产物进行检测。结果：涎腺癌组织ｂｃｌ－２阳性表达明显高于癌旁涎腺组织及多形性腺瘤。ｂｃｌ－２表达与涎腺癌的临床分期及恶性程度有关，临床晚期组及恶性程度较高组ｂｃｌ－２呈现高表达。     

西部有机特色小杂粮产业发展战略研究

我国西部地区是小杂粮的主产区和优势产区,西部发展有机特色小杂粮具有明显的地域优势、生产优势、品质优势和市场优势。本文通过分析我国西部地区有机小杂粮生产现状和存在问题,提出了西部发展有机特色小杂粮产业的思路和对策,以促进西部地区农业发展和农民增收。     

果子狸生殖腺的形态与组织结构研究

对成年果子狸生殖腺（卵巢、睾丸）进行大体解剖和显微观察,发现其生殖腺随季节性繁殖而出现周期性变化,繁殖旺季性腺明显增大且具有丰富的各级生殖细胞;休情期则显著缩小,性腺活动处于停滞状态,没有成熟的生殖细胞。     

Evaluating Verticillium dahliae for biological control of Ophiostoma novo-ulmi in Ulmus minor

The ability of isolate Vd-48 of Verticillium dahliae to induce resistance against subsequent challenge with Ophiostoma novo-ulmi was examined in Ulmus minor . In the first experiment, conditioning inoculation of 5-year-old elm trees (2–3 m in height) with Vd-48 15 days prior to challenge inoculation with O. novo-ulmi significantly reduced wilting ( P  ≤ 0·05) compared with trees not conditioned with Vd-48. However, in another experiment on 6-year-old trees (2–3·5 m in height), no protection was achieved when the length of time between conditioning and challenge inoculations was 45 or 60 days. In a further experiment, inoculations with Vd-48 alone resulted in severe wilting in 22 out of 118 trees (6–10 years old and 4–7 m in height). Across the 2 years of this last trial, nine trees showed massive feeding wounds made by Scolytus sp., while O. novo-ulmi strains were isolated from six trees. Vd-48 provided a variable prophylactic effect against O. novo-ulmi in U. minor . Major difficulties with this approach to control Dutch elm disease are discussed.     

Thyrotropin-releasing hormone-induced growth hormone secretion in dogs with primary hypothyroidism

Primary hypothyroidism in dogs is associated with increased release of growth hormone (GH). In search for an explanation we investigated the effect of intravenous administration of thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH, 10 microg/kg body weight) on GH release in 10 dogs with primary hypothyroidism and 6 healthy control dogs. The hypothyroid dogs had a medical history and physical changes compatible with hypothyroidism and were included in the study on the basis of the following criteria: plasma thyroxine concentration < 2 nmol/l and plasma thyrotropin (TSH) concentration > 1 microg/l. In addition, (99m)TcO(4)(-) uptake during thyroid scintigraphy was low or absent. TRH administration caused plasma TSH concentrations to rise significantly in the control dogs, but not in the hypothyroid dogs. In the dogs with primary hypothyroidism, the mean basal plasma GH concentration was relatively high (2.3+/-0.5 microg/l) and increased significantly (P=0.001) 10 and 20 min after injection of TRH (to 11.9+/-3.5 and 9.8+/-2.7 microg/l, respectively). In the control dogs, the mean basal plasma GH concentration was 1.3+/-0.1 microg/l and did not increase significantly after TRH administration. We conclude that, in contrast to healthy control dogs, primary hypothyroid dogs respond to TRH administration with a significant increase in the plasma GH concentration, possibly as a result of transdifferentiation of somatotropic pituitary cells to thyrosomatotropes.