临县小杂豆发展中存在的问题与对策

临县特殊的地理、地貌和自然条件适宜小杂豆的栽培,故种植历史悠久。但由于品种单一、退化,耕作粗放,管理落后;加之加工转化率低,企业带动力不强,致使产量低而不稳,经济效益很不乐观。针对目前临县小杂豆产业发展中存在的问题,结合实际提出一些对策意义重大。从小杂豆在临县的发展现状、推广技术、新品种引进、加工方面论述了发展小杂豆的可行性、必要性。通过推广新技术、引进新品种,提高小杂豆品质,使其真正成为农民增收的一大亮点,以此带动全县农业科技的进步,使农业健康稳步发展。     

曲线连续箱梁桥支座设置的比较

以实际工程为例,对采用MIDAS空间梁单元小半径曲线梁桥支座的布置进行计算和比较分析,并通过掌握小半径曲线梁桥支座受力特点,从而确定出适合该桥的支座布置形式。     

A design for studies on cognitive bias in the domestic pig

Studies on consequences of affect on cognitive processing (cognitive bias) seem to provide proxy measures of the valence (positive/negative) of affective states. This article presents a pilot study testing a design for studies of judgment bias we adapted to the specific needs and abilities of domestic pigs. We used a spatial judgment paradigm, in which subjects learned to discriminate a food rewarded from an unrewarded position of a goal box during a training period, and then were tested for their responses to 3 equidistant intermediate probe positions during a testing period. After the training period, half of the subjects were repeatedly isolated from their social group to manipulate their affective state. Subjects learned the required discrimination task (positive vs. negative stimulus) and showed consistent differences in approach latencies toward and exploration of stimuli of different valence. Hence, the subjects' expectations could be inferred from their behavior. However, repeated social isolation had no effect on judgment of ambiguous stimuli and on both basal and test-related cortisol levels. In conclusion, the spatial judgment approach seems to provide a useful tool to detect and discriminate diverse affective states in domestic pigs based on their responses to graded ambiguous stimuli.     

Standing transcutaneous surgical excision of a sialolith in an 11-year-old Thoroughbred mare

An 11-year-old Thoroughbred mare was diagnosed with sialolithiasis of the right parotid salivary duct. A firm nonpainful subcutaneous mass was palpable in the right maxillary region adjacent to premolar 4 (tooth 108). Radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations identified a discrete mineralised ovoid mass that was hyperechoic and produced an acoustic shadow. Surgical excision of the mass was performed under standing sedation using a transcutaneous approach and the excised sialolith submitted for histopathological and mineral composition analyses. Histological examination found no evidence of a nidus at the sialolith's core. Mineral analysis of the sialolith revealed its composition to be 40% calcium phosphate (apatite) and 60% calcium carbonate. The mare recovered with no post-operative complications and was clinically unremarkable 2 years later.     

麦二叉蚜唾液蛋白基因Sg1655时空表达谱及其抑制小麦防御反应的功能

为进一步明确麦二叉蚜Schizaphis graminum唾液蛋白Sg1655在调控小麦防御反应中的作用,基于麦二叉蚜唾液腺转录组数据,利用PCR技术克隆获取Sg1655开放阅读框,利用生物信息学软件对其序列进行分析;通过实时荧光定量PCR（real-time quantitative PCR,RT-qPCR）技术检测Sg1655在麦二叉蚜不同组织及不同龄期中的表达;利用细菌III型分泌系统将Sg1655导入到小麦叶片内,检测其瞬时表达对小麦胼胝质积累的影响。结果表明,Sg1655开放阅读框全长375 bp,编码125个氨基酸残基,N端1~21位为信号肽序列,预测蛋白分子量为14.90 kD。麦二叉蚜Sg1655氨基酸序列与玉米蚜Rhopalosiphum maidis同源序列相致性最高,为89.52%;麦二叉蚜Sg1655与玉米蚜同源序列聚为一个分支,亲缘关系最近。Sg1655在麦二叉蚜各组织中均有表达,其中在唾液腺中表达量最高,Sg1655在麦二叉蚜各个龄期均有表达,且在不同龄期之间无显著差异。小麦叶片内Sg1655瞬时表达可显著抑制小麦胼胝质积累,表明该蛋白可作为潜在效应子参与抑制小麦防御反应。     

猪胴体淋巴结中金黄色葡萄球菌的分离与鉴定

随机采取西宁市某生猪屠宰场猪胴体淋巴结60份,进行细菌常规分离培养,结果分离出金黄色葡萄球菌菌株40株,表明该批猪胴体中的金黄色葡萄球菌带菌率可能较高,应引起有关部门的重视。     

松红蜡蚧成虫空间分布及抽样技术

分别选择被松红蜡蚧（CeroplastesrubensMaskell）为害的马尾松10株,为害程度为轻、中、重,从东、南、西、北、顶5个方位,每株5个轮次进行全面的虫口、枝条长度调查,结果表明：不同轮次之间差异极显著;不同方向的多重比较差异显著;不同方位的虫口密度板显著。该虫空间分布为聚集分布,回归方程为：M＝2．42＋0．69X,相关系数γ＝0．9745,平均拥挤度与均数相关性极显著;应用I(wao．s)提出的贯序抽样公式,在T（m）≥T（0）时,需要进行防治。     

T形三通管计算模型对尾水进口压力和调压室涌浪的影响

针对含尾水调压室的抽水蓄能电站,以特征线法和瞬变流理论为理论基础,在考虑尾水调压室长连接管水体惯性作用及管壁弹性的基础上,在T形三通管节点处分别建立了基于恒定局部水头损失系数、Gardel公式、试验资料的3种计算模型.结合工程实例,应用T形三通管节点处的3种计算模型对水电站的过渡过程进行了数值模拟;采用Gardel公式和试验资料,计算了过渡过程中不同时刻点的局部水头损失系数,研究了不同计算模型对尾水进口压力水头和涌浪水位的影响.结果表明:基于恒定局部水头损失系数的计算模型其阻抗作用最小,对应的尾水进口最小压力和最高涌浪最大;基于试验资料的计算模型其阻抗作用最大,对应的尾水进口最小压力和最高涌浪最小;基于Gardel公式的计算模型次之.     

盐酸解离对果蝇唾腺染色体解聚与制片效果的影响

盐酸解离是果蝇唾腺染色体制片中的关键步骤,研究了盐酸浓度与处理时间对染色体解聚合与制片效果的影响.解离不充分时,压片后唾腺染色体仍团聚在一起;解离过度时,染色体结构受损,二者都达不到制片的要求.用2 mol/L盐酸处理20 min或者用3 mol/L盐酸处理15 min,染色体解聚适度,染色体分散,染色体臂及横纹均清晰可见,制片效果理想.用3 mol/L盐酸解离,所需时间短,更适合于制片观察.