公钥密码算法及特点

随着计算机网络的发展,信息安全要求的日益提高,公钥密码算法体现出了秘密密码算法不可替代的优越性。本文详细介绍了公钥密码体制常用的算法及其所支持的服务,并就公钥密码新的研究方向进行了展望。     

鸡卵泡颗粒细胞转染Bcl-2基因对IGF-1分泌的影响

选用正在产蛋的罗曼鸡,取体积排序第一（F1）和第四（F4）的卵泡,分离颗粒细胞层细胞。采用脂质体介导方法将来源于F1和F4卵泡的颗粒细胞用PBS（对照）、空载体或Bcl-2重组质粒处理,然后在不完全无血清培养基（不添加胰岛素）中培养48和96h,用流式细胞术检测Bcl-2蛋白表达,用放射免疫测定技术检测IGF-1的含量。结果发现,转染Bcl-2重组质粒组的Bcl-2蛋白表达量和IGF-1分泌量均多于其他各组。分析来源于不同卵泡期卵泡颗粒细胞的分泌功能,发现随时间的增加F1细胞IGF-1分泌量减少,而F4的IGF-1分泌量基本不变。结果表明,在鸡卵泡颗粒细胞中转染的Bcl-2基因具有表达功能,表达的蛋白具有调节鸡卵泡颗粒细胞分泌IGF-1的作用;鸡卵泡颗粒细胞IGF-1的分泌还受鸡卵泡的大小和颗粒细胞在体外培养时间的影响。     

LINC24065在体细胞核移植牛中的异常表达

旨在揭示DLK1-DIO3印记域上一个新的长链非编码RNA(long noncoding RNA,lncRNA)LINC24065在自然繁殖牛(natural reproduction,NR)与体细胞核移植牛(somatic cell nuclear transfer,SCNT)中的组织表达与印记状态,对进一步了解DLK1-DIO3印记域在供体核重编程中的作用提供一定的理论基础。本研究以自然繁殖牛的大脑组织为试验材料,利用RACE和RT-PCR技术,在牛的DLK1-DIO3印记域内鉴定了一个新的印记的lncRNA基因,命名为LINC24065。用基于SNP(single nucleotide polymopisms)的RT-PCR产物直接测序方法分析LINC24065在自然繁殖牛和体细胞核移植牛组织中的表达及印记状态。序列分析发现,LINC24065编码6个可变剪接体,并在自然繁殖牛被检测的7个组织中都表达,而在体细胞核移植牛组织中没有检测到可变剪接体LINC24065-V3,且其它5个剪接体呈现组织特异性表达。印记状态分析发现,LINC24065在自然繁殖牛和体细胞核移植牛的7个组织中均为单等位基因表达,但在体细胞核移植牛的大脑组织中出现了与其他组织亲本来源不同的单等位基因表达。研究结果说明,LINC24065基因在体细胞核移植牛的大脑中出现了印记紊乱,并且剪接体在组织中的表达也发生了改变。以上研究结果说明LINC24065基因与体细胞核移植牛的发育异常有关。     

Relationship of Progesterone,Bovine Pregnancy-Associated Glycoprotein-1 and Nitric Oxide with Late Embryonic and Early Fetal Mortalities in Dairy Cows

The aim of the present study was to determine the relationship of progesterone (P4), bovine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein-1 (bPAG-1) and nitric oxide (NO) levels with late embryonic (LEM; day 28 to day 42) and early fetal mortalities (EFM; > day 42 to day 56) in dairy cows. Transrectal ultrasonography (6–8 MHz) was performed in 100 Holstein-Friesian cows at days 28, 42 and 56 after artificial insemination (AI; day 0) to diagnose pregnancy and to monitor the fate of the embryo. After ultrasound scanning of each cow, a milk sample was collected for assessment of P4 by an ELISA test and a blood sample was collected for assessment of bPAG-1, by using a double-antibody radioimmunoassay, and serum NO metabolites (nitrate + nitrite). Based on ultrasonographic examinations and bPAG-1-RIA, 41 of 100 inseminated cows were confirmed pregnant at day 28 after AI. Nine cows suffered of LEM, and 6 cows suffered of EFM and the overall pregnancy loss rate was 36.6% (15/41) between days 28 and 56 of pregnancy. By logistic regression analysis, there were no significant relationships between the level of P4 and bPAG-1 at day 28 after AI and the occurrence of LEM and EFM. Also, there were no significant relationships between the levels of P4 and bPAG-1 at day 42 and the occurrence of EFM. On the other hand, a significant relationship (P<0.05) was found between NO level at day 28 and the occurrence of LEM. In conclusion, measurement of the serum NO concentration at day 28 of pregnancy might help to predict the outcome of pregnancy by day 42 in dairy cows but further studies are needed to confirm this.     

唾液乳酸杆菌TCSL1对幼犬生长性能、血液学与血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响

本研究旨在评价唾液乳酸杆菌TCSL1对犬生长性能、血液学与血清生化指标及肠道健康的影响,为研发犬用益生菌制剂奠定基础。选取24只6周龄左右的健康中华田园犬,随机分为4组,每组6只。试验组按低（5×10⁶ CFU/mL）、中（5×10⁸ CFU/mL）、高（5×10¹⁰ CFU/mL）剂量分别口服唾液乳酸杆菌TCSL1,对照组口服生理盐水,进行为期28 d的喂养试验。试验期间,定期观察并记录犬的行为、饮食和腹泻情况,28 d后分别称重,计算犬体重增长量。采集血液样品检测血液学、血清生化、肠道屏障与炎性细胞因子指标;采集粪便检测分泌型球蛋白sIgA含量和肠道主要细菌数量。结果表明,①与对照组相比,试验组均能促进犬体重的增长,降低腹泻率,与口服剂量呈正相关。淋巴细胞数、红细胞数、免疫球蛋白和碱性磷酸酶含量等均有升高趋势,丙氨酸氨基转氨酶和尿素氮等含量呈降低趋势,组间差异显著（P<0.05）;②随口服唾液乳酸杆菌剂量的增加,试验组血清中的二胺氧化酶（DAO）、D-乳酸（D-lactic acid）和脂多糖（LPS）等肠道屏障指示因子含量显著下降（P<0.05）;③试验组血清促炎细胞因子TNF-α和IL-6含量显著降低（P<0.05）,抗炎细胞因子TGF-β1和IL-10含量则显著升高（P<0.05）;④试验组粪便中的分泌型免疫球蛋白sIgA含量显著增加（P<0.05）,大肠杆菌和肠球菌数量显著下降（P<0.05）,乳酸杆菌和双歧杆菌的数量显著增加（P<0.05）。以上结果表明,口服唾液乳酸杆菌TCSL1可改善幼犬生长性能、增强肠道健康,降低腹泻率,以每天5×10¹⁰ CFU/mL剂量口服效果最佳。     

番鸭细小病毒VP3基因的原核表达及多克隆抗体的制备

为获得针对番鸭细小病毒VP3蛋白的多克隆抗体,根据已发表的该病毒基因序列设计一对引物,利用PCR扩增出VP3基因,将其克隆到原核表达载体p ET-32a,转化感受态细胞BL21(DE3)。经IPTG诱导后,SDS-PAGE检测重组蛋白。将重组蛋白切胶免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备抗番鸭细小病毒部分结构蛋白的多克隆抗体。结果显示成功获得VP3基因,构建的原核表达重组质粒成功表达预期的重组蛋白,免疫小鼠获得的多克隆抗体能与番鸭细小病毒及VP3蛋白反应。表明制备的多克隆抗体可用于MDPV的检测,并为进一步研究MDPV奠定了基础。     

Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial-resistant Escherichia coli from national horse racetracks and private horse-riding courses in Korea

Limited information is available regarding horse-associated antimicrobial resistant (AR) Escherichia (E.) coli. This study was designed to evaluate the frequency and characterize the pattern of AR E. coli from healthy horse-associated samples. A total of 143 E. coli (4.6%) were isolated from 3,078 samples collected from three national racetracks and 14 private horse-riding courses in Korea. Thirty of the E. coli isolates (21%) showed antimicrobial resistance to at least one antimicrobial agent, and four of the AR E. coli (13.3%) were defined as multi-drug resistance. Most of the AR E. coli harbored AR genes corresponding to their antimicrobial resistance phenotypes. Four of the AR E. coli carried class 1 integrase gene (intI1), a gene associated with multi-drug resistance. Pulsed-field gel electrophoretic analysis showed no genetic relatedness among AR E. coli isolated from different facilities; however, cross-transmissions between horses or horses and environments were detected in two facilities. Although cross-transmission of AR E. coli in horses and their environments was generally low, our study suggests a risk of transmission of AR bacteria between horses and humans. Further studies are needed to evaluate the risk of possible transmission of horse-associated AR bacteria to human communities through horse riders and horse-care workers.     

Dynamics of Bt cotton Cry1Ac protein content under an alternating high temperature regime and effects on nitrogen metabolism

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of alternating high temperature on Cry1Ac protein content on Bt cotton cultivars Sikang 1(SK-1,a conventional cultivar)and Sikang 3(SK-3,a hybrid cultivar).In 2011 and 2012,cotton plants were subjected to high temperature treatments ranging from 32 to 40℃ in climate chambers to investigate the effects of high temperature on boll shell insecticidal protein expression.The experiments showed that significant decline of the boll shell insecticidal protein was detected at temperatures higher than 38℃ after 24 h.Based on the results,the cotton plants were treated with the threshold temperature of 38℃ from 6:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.followed by a normal temperature of 27℃ during the remaining night hours(DH/NN)in 2012 and 2013.These treatments were conducted at peak boll growth stage for both cultivars in study periods of 0,4,7,and 10 d.Temperature treatment of 32℃ from 6:00 a.m.to 6:00 p.m.and 27℃ in the remaining hours was set as control.The results showed that,compared with the control,after the DH/NN stress treatment applied for 7 d,the boll shell Cry1Ac protein content level was significantly decreased by 19.1 and 17.5% for SK-1 and by 15.3 and 13.7% for SK-3 in 2012 and 2013,respectively.Further analysis of nitrogen metabolic physiology under DH/NN showed that the soluble protein content and the glutamic pyruvic transaminase(GPT)activities decreased slightly after 4 d,and then decreased sharply after 7 d.The free amino acid content and the protease content increased sharply after 7 d.The changes in SK-1 were greater than those in SK-3.These results suggest that under DH/NN stress,boll shell Cry1Ac protein content decline was delayed.Reduced protein synthesis and increased protein degradation in the boll shell decreased protein content,including Bt protein,which may reduce resistance to the cotton bollworm.     

苏云金芽胞杆菌cry1Ib2基因的克隆与生物信息学分析

BRC-ZLL4是一株从鱼尾葵(Cargota mitis Lour)上分离到的,对柑橘凤蝶幼虫具有毒性的苏云金芽胞杆菌(Bacillus thuringiensis)菌株。本试验采用PCR-RFLP技术鉴定该菌株中含有cry1Ib基因。设计一对特异引物,分别引入SalⅠ和BamHⅠ酶切位点,以BRC-ZLL4的总DNA为模板,扩增cry1Ib全长基因。生物信息学分析表明,该基因全长2160bp,编码一个由719个氨基酸组成的、相对分子质量为81.39ku、等电点为6.425的蛋白。该基因已在GenBank上登录(登录号为EU233027),并被Btδ-内毒素国际命名委员会正式命名为cry1Ib2。信号肽预测显示,Cry1Ib2蛋白没有信号肽,为胞内蛋白。二级结构预测显示,在Cry1Ib2蛋白二级结构中,25%为α-螺旋,28%为β-片层,18%为β-转角,29%为无规则线圈。此外还对Cry1Ib蛋白的功能区和三级结构进行了预测和分析。     

超级杂交稻Ⅱ优航1号的生物学特性

Ⅱ优航1号是应用航天育种方法育成的超级杂交水稻新组合。2003—2005三年推广面积为26.67万hm2，累计增产粮食1.2亿kg。该组合具有产量潜力高、米质较优、苗期耐寒性较好、抽穗期耐高温、穗大粒多、结实率高、适应性广、再生力强等特点。2004年通过福建省品种审定，2005年通过全国品种审定和广西区品种审定，被农业部列为全国重点示范推广的超级稻组合之一，还被福建省农业厅列为重点示范推广超级杂交稻组合。着重介绍Ⅱ优航1号的推广应用，主要植物学特征与产量结构，同时也介绍了它在各级区域试验、生产试验、6.67、66.67、666.67hm2高产示范片的产量表现和抗性、品质特性。