Canine eyelid granular cell tumor: a report of eight cases

To describe a previously unreported neoplasm of the medial canthus and eyelid in dogs. Clinical and pathologic features of granular cell tumors in the dog were reviewed. Granular cell tumors, arising from the medial canthal eyelid of eight dogs, were identified from the archives of the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin (COPLOW). The affected dogs ranged in age from 5 to 12 years (mean of 9.25 years). Follow‐up information was available for seven of the eight cases. The clinical presentation included swollen hyperemic lids (4/8), ulcerated skin overlying the mass (2/8), and red conjunctiva (7/8). All eight of the cases had firm masses extending from the palpebral conjunctiva to the eyelid margin at the medial canthus. Histologically, the tissue was composed of a highly collagenous neoplastic growth. The neoplastic cells were oval to strap‐like cells with an oval bland appearing nucleus and abundant amounts of granular cytoplasm with very distinct cell boundaries. These granular cells were embedded in a dense collagen matrix. A PAS stain faintly highlighted the granular appearance of the neoplastic cells, which is a defining characteristic of this tumor. There was no recurrence in the seven cases available for follow‐up. Canine granular cell tumors of the medial canthus present clinically and histologically as a benign neoplasm. Granular cell tumors have a characteristic histological appearance. Granular cell tumors should be on the differential list for nodules of the medial canthus in dogs.     

基于CT技术评估髌骨内脱犬骨骼畸形

本研究旨在通过计算机断层扫描(computed tomography, CT)检查探究不同症状髌骨内脱(medial patellar luxation, MPL)犬的解剖结构差异,同时对比CT和X线技术的一致性和优缺点。选用患有髌骨内脱和健康的小型犬后肢共34条,根据症状分为正常组(n=9)、MPL无症状组(n=9)、MPL有症状组(n=16),进行CT检查,通过CT图像测量滑车沟深度/髌骨厚度、髌韧带长度/髌骨长度、解剖性股骨远端解剖轴外侧角(anatomic latero-distal femoral angle, aLDFA)、股骨远端机械轴外侧角(mechanical latero-distal femoral angle, mLDFA)、股骨近端解剖轴外侧角(anatomic latero-proximal femoral angle, aLPFA)、股骨近端机械轴外侧角(mechanical latero-proximal femoral angle, mLPFA)及股骨颈干角(femoral inclination angle, FIA),并分析各组之间的差异。此外通过...     

Successful surgical management of a medial humeral epicondyle fracture in a Thoroughbred foal

A 2-week-old 75 kg Thoroughbred filly was presented for the investigation of an acute forelimb lameness. Radiographs revealed a fracture of the medial epicondylar physis of the left humerus (Salter–Harris type II fracture). The fragment was removed via arthrotomy under general anaesthesia. Two months post-operatively, the foal was sound and at 2 years had resumed normal turn out. This case report describes a previously unreported surgical treatment for a fracture of the medial epicondylar physis in a foal.     

采用麦饭石和双氧水改善扇贝育苗用水水质的研究

研究了麦饭石和过氧化氢作为水质净化剂对水体中水化因子的调控作用和效果,结果表明:双氧水能有效去除水中有机物,且基本无残留;麦饭石对养殖水体具有双向调节酸碱度的作用,能有效降低水体中的有害物质含量,麦饭石的一次使用量为50 mg/L,一次效应为8天左右。随着使用量的提高,水体中的NH_4~ -N和NO_2~--N的浓度降低的效果更为明显,且效用时间更长,尤其是在水质恶化时其作用更为明显。     

RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE CANINE ELBOW JOINT WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO THE MEDIAL HUMERAL CONDYLE AND THE MEDIAL CORONOID PROCESS

The results of radiographic examination of clinically affected elbow joints in 14 young, large-breed dogs, including standard and oblique projections and linear tomography, were compared with the findings of medial arthrotomy. Radiographs revealed arthrosis (13 dogs), osteochondrosis of the medial humeral condyle (2 dogs), fragmentation of the medial coronoid process (5 dogs), and a combination of osteochondrosis of the medial humeral condyle and fragmentation of the medial coronoid process (2 dogs). In one dog fissures in the medial coronoid process and in another dog a linear radiopacity along the articular surface of the medial coronoid process were found. In three dogs both medial humeral condyle and medial coronoid process appeared normal. The radiographic findings were confirmed during surgery in 11 dogs. Cartilage erosion of the medial humeral condyle in two dogs and of the medial coronoid process in one dog had not resulted in radiographically visible abnormalities. Radiographic examination of the elbow joints in young, large-breed dogs should include standard mediolateral and craniocaudal projections, a mediolateral projection with the joint maximally extended and the leg supinated 15°, and a craniolateral-to-caudomedial projection.     

BONE SCINTIGRAPHY FOR THE DIAGNOSIS OF AN ABNORMAL MEDIAL CORONOID PROCESS IN DOGS

Few reports have been published regarding the use of scintigraphy in the diagnosis of elbow joint lameness in dogs. Some authors have speculated about the potential use of bone scintigraphy and its suspected high sensitivity for the early diagnosis of abnormalities of the medial coronoid process (MCP) in dogs. Scintigraphy is used routinely in our institution in dogs presented for thoracic limb lameness and/or suspected of abnormalities of the MCP when radiographic findings were equivocal. Radiographic, scintigraphic, and surgical findings of the elbow joints of 17 dogs with elbow joint lameness were compared with radiographic, scintigraphic, and necropsy findings of the elbow joints of 12 clinically healthy Labrador Retrievers. Quantitative evaluation of scintigraphic images was performed to determine relative radiopharmaceutical uptake in the region of the MCP. Maximum relative uptake of the coronoid process in the normal dogs was taken as a threshold value to classify elbows as positive or negative for an abnormal MCP after all 24 elbows of the 12 healthy dogs were confirmed as being normal at necropsy. All 17 elbows from lame dogs were positive on scintigraphy and confirmed as having chondromalacia, a fissure, or fragmentation of the MCP. Based on our results, bone scintigraphy may be a valuable diagnostic tool for the diagnosis of abnormalities of the MCP in dogs, and particularly in older dogs where clinical and radiographic changes may be ambiguous.     

FRAGMENTATION OF THE MEDIAL MALLEOLUS OF DOGS WITH AND WITHOUT TARSAL OSTEOCHONDROSIS

Fragmentation of the medial malleolus of the tibia was found radiographically in 5 canine tarsi which did not have evidence of osteochondrosis of the medial trochlear ridge. An additional 5 tarsi were found where both medial malleolar fragmentation and osteochondrosis of the medial trochlear ridge were present. Radiographic evidence of degenerative joint disease was present in 3 of 5 dogs with medial malleolar fragmentation alone, and 5 of 5 dogs with medial malleolar fragmentation and medial trochlear ridge osteochondrosis. Eight of the 9 dogs were Rottweilers. Considering the sites of occurrence of osteochondrosis in other species, the authors propose that medial malleolar fragmentation could be secondary to osteochondrosis of the medial malleolus. Osteochondrosis of the medial malleolus has not been previously reported in dogs. Histological examination of the medial malleolar fragmentation was unavailable because surgery was not performed, therefore the hypothesis that the medial malleolar fragmentation is due to osteochondrosis was not proven.     

PATHOLOGIC CORRELATION OF RESISTIVE AND PULSATILITY INDICES IN CANINE ABDOMINAL LYMPH NODES

We assessed the ability of the resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) to allow differentiation between normal, reactive, and neoplastic lymph nodes. Forty-seven medial iliac and 54 mesenteric lymph nodes from 83 dogs were evaluated sonographically. A cytologic sample was obtained in each dog that allowed categorization into one of the categories defined above. We found a significant difference in the RI and PI in nonneoplastic vs. neoplastic medial iliac and mesenteric lymph nodes. Values higher than 0.67 for the RI and 1.02 for the PI in medial iliac lymph nodes and higher than 0.76 for the RI and 1.23 for the PI in mesenteric lymph nodes had a high sensitivity and specificity for differentiating benign from neoplastic lymph nodes.     

不同小麦品种(系)对Ar+注入的敏感性

本文就不同小麦品种(系)对Ar+注入的敏感性进行了研究。研究结果表明:6×1016Ar+cm2注入对参试的21个品种(系)的存活率影响可分为5种类型:极敏感型、敏感型、过渡型、迟钝型和极迟钝型;Ar+注入对高水肥型、中水肥型和旱地型小麦品种(系)的敏感性依次为高水肥型>中水肥型>旱地型。本项研究可为Ar+注入不同小麦品种(系)发生诱变的半致死剂量提供实验依据。     

Medial collateral ligament desmitis of the distal interphalangeal joint in the hindlimb of a horse: treatment with cast immobilisation

A 12‐year‐old show‐jumping mare was presented for investigation of a chronic hindlimb lameness of 16 weeks duration. Perineural anaesthesia and ultrasonography localised the lesion to the medial collateral ligament of the distal interphalangeal joint of the left hindlimb. Treatment consisted of a heavily padded distal limb cast for 6 weeks, strict box rest and a strictly regulated hand walking program. Serial ultrasonographic examinations were performed throughout the rehabilitation period. Collateral ligament desmitis of the distal interphalangeal joint is a commonly diagnosed condition of the forelimb; however, hindlimb collateral ligament desmitis has been rarely reported. Ultrasonographic examination in this case was an invaluable diagnostic and follow‐up tool. Immobilisation of the foot by means of a heavily padded distal limb cast allowed excellent healing of the ligament and is presented as a novel treatment for collateral ligament desmitis. At the time of writing the mare had returned to her previous level of exercise and was showing no signs of lameness.