山羊卵巢间质细胞分离方法的比较

【目的】比较体外条件下不同分离山羊卵巢间质细胞(ovarian interstitial cells)方法的效果。【方法】采用热消化法、冷消化法、单一酶消化法(热消化法,用Ⅰ型、Ⅳ型、Ⅺ型胶原酶和2.5g/L胰蛋白酶+0.2g/L EDTA)及2步酶消化法分离山羊卵巢间质细胞。【结果】热消化法得到的细胞数量较冷消化法多,且试验所用时间缩短,但细胞活率降低。单一酶热消化法中,以1g/LⅪ型胶原酶效果最佳,适合体外培养。2步酶消化法以先胰蛋白酶后Ⅺ型胶原酶组的效果最佳,卵巢组织消化时间及体外培养首次换液时间均较短,适合于体外培养。【结论】采用1g/LⅪ型胶原酶单一酶热消化法或先胰蛋白酶后Ⅺ型胶原酶2步酶消化法,分离山羊卵巢间质细胞的效果均较好,可作为试验用卵巢间质细胞的理想分离方法。     

视黄酸及干扰素对胃癌细胞系MKN45中p16,p21,c-myc基因表达的影响

目的探讨全反式视黄酸及干扰素两种因子对胃癌MKN45细胞的影响.方法将视黄酸及干扰素同时加入胃癌细胞系MKN45中进行细胞培养,用MTT法测定细胞的生长状况,并通过Northern blot和免疫组化测定p16,p21及c-myc的表达情况.结果干扰素（IFN）协同全反式视黄酸（ATRA）可有效地抑制MKN45细胞生长,癌细胞经联合用药诱导后p16和p21基因的表达水平提高,c-myc基因表达水平下降.视黄酸受体RARα基因在MKN45细胞中呈低水平表达,经ATRA和IFN诱导后表达水平提高.结论 ATRA联合IFN诱导可调节p16和p21基因的表达水平,抑制胃癌MKN45细胞生长,这可能与细胞中RARα基因高水平表达有一定关系.     

铁岭地区稻瘟病近年发生动态分析

1993-2000年,在铁岭地区3个县区的生产田和试验田中的72个品种（系）上,采集了98份1000余个稻瘟病标样;采用单孢分离法分离应用有效单孢菌株52个;经中国7个鉴别品种上鉴定,52个单孢菌株划分为7群15个生理小种,填补了铁岭地区稻瘟病菌生理小种鉴定的空白。铁岭地区稻瘟病菌优势种群为ZD群,ZE群和ZF群;采用室内苗期和田间成株期结合的鉴定方式,鉴定铁岭地区水稻品种（系）35个;其中表现较为抗病的材料有：铁8711,开原7号,铁188,开9725,铁8958,开9909等。     

木材细胞壁的构造及其主成分的堆积过程

该文对有关木材细胞壁构造和木材细胞壁形成过程的主要研究做了归纳,尤其是对木质部形成和分化机理,木材细胞壁主成分的堆积过程的最新研究成果做了比较详细的介绍．这些研究对于我们清理迄今为止在木材构造方面的研究工作,确定２１世纪中国木材解剖学研究方向有一定帮助和借鉴     

中国广东家蚕微粒子孢子在Antheraea eucalypti细胞系的感染增殖

将中国广东的Ｎｏｓｅｍａ ｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ ＣＧＳ,用０２ｍｏｌ／ＬＫＯＨ 处理后,接种感染Ａ．ｅｕｃａｌｙｐｔｉ 细胞系。孢子的发芽率达８７％ ,在Ａ．ｅｕｃａｌｙｐｔｉ 细胞初期感染率为２７ ％ 。发育各阶段具２ 核,可观察到短极丝孢子和二次感染体形成,孢子芽母细胞按二分裂形成２ 个双核的孢子芽,具典型 Ｎｏｓｅｍａ 属特征。Ｎｏｓｅｍａｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ ＣＧＳ 生物学特性、血清学类型与日本Ｎｏｓｅｍａ ｂｏｍｂｙｃｉｓ ＮＩＳ００１ 大致相同,但孢子大小、裂殖体的形态、在Ａ．ｅｕｃａｌｙｐｔｉ 细胞寄生的细胞感染率、每个细胞的产孢数,２ 种微孢子虫却有差异。     

Lymphangiosarcoma in 12 dogs: a case series (1998–2013)

Lymphangiosarcoma (LAS) is an uncommon malignant neoplasia arising from lymphatic endothelium; little information exists regarding therapy. Single institutional retrospective review for canine LAS histopathology diagnoses over a 15‐year period yielded 12 dogs. Ten dogs were presented for a mass and/or swelling at cervical, trunk or limb regions. Prior to diagnosis, 10 dogs received empiric wound therapy. Cytology performed in 10 consisted of mild inflammation. Survival ranged from 60, 168 and 876 days for three dogs with palliation; 90 days with prednisone in one; 182 days with chemotherapy in one; 240, 267, 487, 630 and 941 days for five receiving surgery; and 574 days for one receiving surgery, radiation and chemotherapy. One dog is alive with recurrence at 243 days following surgery and carboplatin chemotherapy. Clinical improvement existed in LAS dogs receiving multimodal therapies. Early tissue biopsies are recommended for progressive oedematous lesions of unknown origin.     

Evaluation of bone marrow aspirates from multiple sites for staging of canine lymphoma and mast cell tumours

This prospective study evaluated the utility of bone marrow aspirates (BMAs) obtained from multiple sites for staging of canine lymphoma (LSA) and mast cell tumours (MCTs). Forty dogs (LSA, n = 24; MCTs, n = 16) were enrolled, but only 33 (82.5%) had diagnostic bone marrow (BM) aspirates obtained from two sites for inclusion in the study. Nineteen dogs with LSA were included, and 6 (31.6%) had BM involvement. Neoplastic lymphocytes were present in BM from both sites in all of these dogs. Fourteen dogs with MCTs were included, and 3 (21.4%) had BM involvement. Neoplastic mast cells were present at both sites in two dogs and at only one site in the third. These results indicate that BMAs from multiple sites may not be needed for accurate staging of canine LSA patients, but more studies evaluating the pattern of BM infiltration in dogs with high‐grade MCTs are warranted.     

家蚕glial cell missing (BmGcm)基因鉴定、表达、亚细胞定位和功能

【目的】鉴定、克隆家蚕（Bombyx mori）glial cell missing (BmGcm)基因,分析其mRNA表达及亚细胞定位特征。制备多克隆抗体,同时在细胞水平进行过表达,检测Gcm对细胞增殖和周期的影响,为探究BmGcm功能打下基础。【方法】利用RACE方法克隆获得BmGcm全长cDNA序列,利用ORF Finder和SMART等在线工具对BmGcm基本序列特征和结构信息进行分析,运用Clustalx 和MEGA 6.0等软件对多物种Gcm蛋白进行同源序列比对和进化分析。采用RT-PCR和qRT-PCR方法检测BmGcm的表达情况。利用原核表达系统获得重组蛋白,通过蛋白纯化和免疫小鼠制备多克隆抗体,运用Western blot对抗体进行检测。构建BmGcm表达载体,转染家蚕胚胎细胞系,分析其亚细胞定位情况,同时利用EDU细胞增殖标记和流式细胞仪对其功能进行探索。【结果】BmGcm（BGIBMGA006182）定位于4号染色体的nscaf2847上,其基因全长 4 046 bp,包含4个外显子和3个内含子。其cDNA全长1 734 bp,包含166 bp的5′ UTR、227 bp的3′ UTR和1 341 bp的完整开放阅读框(ORF)。该基因编码446个氨基酸残基,预测蛋白分子量为50.61 kD,等电点5.557,含有典型的GCM结构域。多重比对结果显示GCM结构域在不同物种间具有高度的保守性,进化分析显示昆虫Gcm蛋白单独聚为一支,其中BmGcm蛋白与帝王蝶同源蛋白亲缘关系最为接近。表达分析结果显示BmGcm在胚胎发育第4天表达达到峰值,随后表达水平逐渐下调,而在幼虫阶段,BmGcm主要表达于中肠、精巢和卵巢。将BmGcm完整的开放阅读框序列构建至原核表达系统,经IPTG诱导和亲和层析纯化获得高纯度重组蛋白,通过免疫小鼠获得了多克隆抗体,Western blot检测该抗体可以特异性识别重组蛋白。在家蚕细胞系中过表达BmGcm蛋白,结果显示其定位于细胞核。在细胞水平,过表达BmGcm会明显抑制细胞增殖,将细胞周期阻滞于G1/S期。【结论】克隆鉴定得到Bmgcm全长序列,获得其表达和亚细胞定位信息。通过原核表达、蛋白纯化和免疫小鼠制备了可用的多克隆抗体。细胞实验发现BmGcm可以显著抑制增殖和影响正常的细胞周期进程。     

枇杷叶片气孔保卫细胞叶绿体数目分析

[目的]研究枇杷叶片保卫细胞的叶绿体数目差异,探讨其变化规律。[方法]取43份枇杷资源嫩叶进行处理,在20倍显微镜下进行统计,随机选择50个保卫细胞计算叶绿体数目。[结果]枇杷叶片保卫细胞叶绿体数目在11～17,平均为13.19个,品种间差异大。不同品种叶绿体数目变异幅度不同,在9～14,仅栎叶枇杷的叶绿体数目大于16。[结论]栎叶枇杷可能是多倍体,这可为枇杷资源的倍性鉴定提供参考。     

Decrease in intestinal endocrine cells in Balb/c mice with CT-26 carcinoma cells

The density of intestinal endocrine cells, in Balb/c mice with colon 26 (CT-26) carcinoma cells, were examined immunohistochemically at 28 days after implantation. After CT-26 cell administration there was a significant decrease in most of the intestinal endocrine cells (p < 0.01) compared with the control group. The significant quantitative changes in the intestinal endocrine cell density might contribute to the development of the gastrointestinal symptoms commonly encountered in cancer patients.