The effect of omeprazole paste on intragastric pH in clinically ill neonatal foals

REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Administration of omeprazole paste per os to healthy neonatal foals has been shown to effectively increase intragastric pH, but has not been evaluated in sick neonatal foals. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effect of orally administered omeprazole paste on intragastric pH in clinically ill neonatal foals requiring nasogastric intubation. METHODS: Intragastric pH was measured continuously for 24 h using an indwelling electrode and continuous data recording system in hospitalised neonatal foals age < or =2 days. Intragastric pH was measured for 12 h prior to (pretreatment period) and 12 h following (post treatment period) treatment with omeprazole paste (4 mg/kg bwt per os). All foals displayed periods of acidity (pH <4) prior to treatment. Statistical analysis compared pre- and post treatment mean and median intragastric pH, and percentage of time below pH 4. RESULTS: Eight foals were evaluated age 1-3 days, a gestational age of at least 320 days or reported to be full term. The mean (3.19 +/- 1.50 vs. 6.20 +/- 0.93) and median (4.6 +/- 1.7 vs. 6.86 +/- 0.89) pH were significantly higher and the percentage of time below pH 4 (32.25 vs. 1.1%) was significantly lower in the post treatment compared to the pretreatment period. CONCLUSION: Omeprazole paste effectively increases intragastric pH in clinically ill neonatal foals after one dose at 4 mg/kg bwt orally.     

仔猪腹泻防治效果观察

对怀孕母猪注射疫苗、投服药物,使其所产仔猪获得被动免疫,与此同时,对仔猪投服预防性药物,达到预防仔猪腹泻的目的.通过实践,使仔猪腹泻的发病率由35.65%下降到16.79%,死亡率由10.8%下降到0.98%,取得了较好的防治效果.     

70℃干热处理德兰臭草种子内生真菌的研究

为了更好地研究内生真菌与德兰臭草（Melica transsilvanica）的互作关系,需获得内生真菌种群已失活的德兰臭草种子。本试验采用70℃干热的方法对德兰臭草带菌种子分别处理5 d,10 d,15 d,20 d,25 d和30 d,以不作处理的种子为对照,通过测定各处理后种子的萌发指标、生长指标和植株内生真菌数量等综合评价内生真菌的灭活效果。结果表明,70℃干热处理能有效杀灭德兰臭草种子中的内生真菌;70℃处理5 d后,与对照相比,宿主染菌率下降为50%;处理25 d时,种子和植株中均未分离出内生真菌。同时,70℃处理25 d时,种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、植株鲜重和胚根、胚芽长度以及植株株高、叶片数、分蘖数、叶宽和茎粗与对照相比均没有显著影响。值得一提的是,70℃干热处理种子可促进植株须根数的增多和根长的增加。综合比较得出,70℃干热处理25 d能使德兰臭草种子中全部内生真菌失活,是一种简单、方便、可行的方法。     

A retrospective study of the success of medical and surgical treatment of wild Australian raptors

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the results of medical and surgical regimens utilised to treat injured and diseased wild Australian raptors presented at our practice, and to determine if the time, effort and cost of treating the birds was justified in terms of the outcomes achieved. PROCEDURE: All the practice's clinical records relating to the examination and treatment of wild raptors were reviewed for the period April 1994 to December 1998. The species of birds, the aetiology of their injuries or diseases, the treatment protocols and the outcomes of those treatments were correlated and tabulated for evaluation. RESULTS: Fifteen Australian species of raptor were examined and treated. Complete records were available for 104 birds of prey, 73 being Accipitriformes and 31 Strigiformes. The poorest prognosis was for birds involved in motor vehicle impacts, while birds suffering malnutrition or starvation had higher survival rates. The overall rate of survival was 50%. CONCLUSION: Based on the severity of diseases and injuries at the time of presentation, the survival rate was considered acceptable. Veterinary involvement in the treatment of the wild raptors was necessary for the maintenance of the birds' welfare, and to determine appropriate treatments. Intangible benefits included increased practice staff satisfaction, and improving the veterinary professions' public image by providing pro bono treatment for Australian wildlife.     

DIPHOSPHONATE TREATMENT OF A PRIMARY OSTEOSARCOMA IN A DOG: A CASE REPORT

The following sequence of treatments was administered to a Saint Bernard dog with a primary distal right radius osteosarcoma: 54 days of daily disodium 1-hydroxyethylidenediphosphonate (HEDP) subcutaneous injections; 53 days of HEDP per os ; one ³²P-HEDP intravenous injection. During the pretreatment period, there was an extensive increase in calcific tumor growth and osteoblastic proliferation. After the subcutaneous HEDP treatment, almost complete tumor necrosis was seen. After the oral HEDP treatment, only the deepest tumor portion contained active osteoblasts, calcific growth of the tumor was completely blocked, and uptake of ^99mTc-Sn-HEDP was reduced to one fourth of the pretreatment uptake. After a single ³²P-HEDP dose, large areas of tumor necrosis were evident histopathologically. However, subsequent resumption of cellular activity occurred in the tumor, and the uptake of ^99mTc-Sn-HEDP increased to pretreatment values. These data suggest that systemically administered HEDP should be studied further for its possible therapeutic potential in the treatment of osteosarcoma and indicate a need for further study of ³²P-HEDP or possibly ³³P-HEDP.     

复合微生物菌剂在猪粪无害化处理中的应用

为了研究微生物菌剂对粪便恶臭组分及微生物菌群的影响,选取猪粪和玉米秸秆作为堆肥原料进行28 d的堆肥试验.试验分为5组,A、B和C组分别用玉米秸秆调节堆体水分为40％、50％和60％,D和E组不加玉米秸秆,A、B、C和D组分别接种微生物菌剂,E组不添加菌剂.结果 显示,B组堆体的高温持续时间最长,粪便腐熟效果最好.与E...     

Comparative therapeutic efficacy and safety of type-II collagen (UC-II), glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic dogs: pain evaluation by ground force plate

The investigation was conducted on client-owned moderately arthritic dogs with two objectives: (i) to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of type-II collagen (UC-II) alone or in combination with glucosamine hydrochloride (GLU) and chondroitin sulphate (CHO), and (ii) to determine their tolerability and safety. Dogs in four groups (n = 7-10), were treated daily for a period of 150 days with placebo (Group-I), 10 mg active UC-II (Group-II), 2000 mg GLU + 1600 mg CHO (Group-III), and UC-II + GLU + CHO (Group-IV). On a monthly basis, dogs were evaluated for observational pain (overall pain, pain upon limb manipulation, and pain after physical exertion) using different numeric scales. Pain level was also measured objectively using piezoelectric sensor-based GFP for peak vertical force and impulse area. Dogs were also examined every month for physical, hepatic (ALP, ALT and bilirubin) and renal (BUN and creatinine) functions. Based on observations, significant (p < 0.05) reduction in pain was noted in Group-II, III, and IV dogs. Using GFP, significant increases in peak vertical force (N/kg body wt) and impulse area (N s/kg body wt), indicative of a decrease in arthritis associated pain, were observed in Group-II dogs only. None of the dogs in any group showed changes in physical, hepatic or renal functions. In conclusion, based on GFP data, moderately arthritic dogs treated with UC-II (10 mg) showed a marked reduction in arthritic pain with maximum improvement by day 150. UC-II, GLU and CHO operate through different mechanisms of action, and were well tolerated over a period of 150 days.     

黑暗处理对百里香挥发性物质日变化的影响

为研究黑暗处理对植物挥发物释放日变化节律的影响,本试验采用顶空固相微萃取结合气质联用法（HS-SPME/GC-MS）,在1天中6个时间点对正常光照和黑暗处理下的百里香（Thymus mongolicus）叶片释放的挥发性有机物进行测定。研究表明：百里香释放的挥发性物质主要为烯烃类、芳香烃类、醇类、酚类和酯类,其中烯烃类挥发物的数量与相对含量均最多。正常光照下共检测出80种挥发物,8：00为挥发高峰期,12：00和0：00为挥发低谷期。黑暗处理组中共检测出77种,16：00数量最少,20：00数量最多。黑暗处理影响了各类挥发物相对含量日变化趋势,并且减小挥发物相对含量日变化波动幅度,其中烯烃类、芳香烃类、醇类挥发物的变化范围分别为正常光照的41.57%,61.03%,42.87%。本试验为进一步探明植物挥发物释放机理提供了试验证据。