畜牧兽医执法办案应注意的问题之我见

结合畜牧兽医执法工作实践,总结了10项执法工作中经常遇到的问题,并有针对性的提出了处理建议,以便为国内畜牧兽医执法人员正确执法办案提供参考。     

鲈池塘养殖试验报告

１９９３－１９９４年对鲈养殖的密度、饵料、溶氧、盐度及生长规律等进行了较系研究，对池塘养殖管理直到收获全过程的相关技术进行了试验。结果：养成成活率９０％以上，两年平均，体重２２８．５ｇ，亩产２６４．７５ｋｇ，亩纯利３２７８。５元。１９９５年１月专家鉴定认为，本成果居国内先进水平，其中鲈的当年养殖产量、密度及池塘养殖生物学研究属国内领先水平。     

Using a stand-level model to predict light absorption in stands with vertically and horizontally heterogeneous canopies

Background： Forest ecosystem functioning is strongly influenced by the absorption of photosynthetically active radiation （APAR）, and therefore, accurate predictions of APAR are critical for many process-based forest growth models. The Lambert-Beer law can be applied to estimate APAR for simple homogeneous canopies composed of one layer, one species, and no canopy gaps. However, the vertical and horizontal structure of forest canopies is rarely homogeneous. Detailed tree-level models can account for this heterogeneity but these often have high input and computational demands and work on finer temporal and spatial resolutions than required by stand-level growth models. The aim of this study was to test a stand-level light absorption model that can estimate APAR by individual species in mixed-species and multi-layered stands with any degree of canopy openness including open-grown trees to closed canopies. Methods： The stand-level model was compared with a detailed tree-level model that has already been tested in mixed-species stands using empirical data. Both models were parameterised for five different forests, including a wide range of species compositions, species proportions, stand densities, crown architectures and canopy structures. Results： The stand-level model performed well in all stands except in the stand where extinction coefficients were unusually variable and it appears unlikely that APAR could be predicted in such stands using （tree- or stand-level） models that do not allow individuals of a given species to have different extinction coefficients, leaf-area density or analogous parameters. Conclusion： This model is parameterised with species-specific information about extinction coefficients and mean crown length, diameter, height and leaf area. It could be used to examine light dynamics in complex canopies and in stand-level growth models.     

灰色聚类法和人工神经网络在水质综合评价中的比较

探讨了两种水质综合评价方法：改进的灰色聚类法和人工神经网络法。通过采用增加训练样本和黄金分割的隐合层节点优化算法建立了人工神经网络模型,将两种水质综合评价方法进行了比较,结果表明：改进的灰色聚类法计算量较大,主观性较强,评价结果稳定。BP人工神经网络进行水质综合评价具有客观性,但网络训练较为繁琐,通过插值生成训练样本,极大地增强了网络的稳定性。但扩充后的训练样本,不能代表复杂的水质实况,使评价结果受到一定影响。     

Environmental impact mitigation and bi-culture: a comparative legal analysis of flexibility within European legal regimes – biofilter deployment

This paper investigates the potential flexibility within the current legal frameworks governing marine aquaculture across Europe to cater for the installation and management of marine biofilters alongside fish farms. The basis for debate is that deployment of these biofilters could be used to facilitate environmental impact mitigation. Furthermore, they have the potential to facilitate the development of bi-culture or polyculture through the harvesting of species from the biofilters themselves, for example, mussels (Mytilus edulis). This study explores the flexibility within and suitability of the current legal systems within Europe to cater for the specific technology’s adoption and management. The challenges identified from the legislative and policy frameworks are discussed along with the applicability of these to the use of biofilters for the development of bi-culture. Penultimately, recommendations are made as to where additional measures are needed and the challenges and difficulties that such measures will need to overcome before biofilters can be applied for environmental impact mitigation. Finally, the paper illustrates an application of ‘Comparative Legal Analysis’, demonstrating links to the question in hand and through so doing to wider coastal issues.     

网络流行文化视域下“90后”大学生价值观教育探析

随着信息时代的来临和智能手机的普及,网络流行文化在丰富了"90后"大学生文化生活的同时,也导致了其价值观的模糊化、扭曲化、功利化和世俗化。针对网络流行文化对价值观的影响,我们应该大力弘扬"中国梦"和社会主义核心价值观,坚持思想引领,积极构建"五位一体"大学生价值观教育机制,并借鉴网络流行文化的优势和特点,创新"90后"大学生价值观教育的内容、方法和途径。     

河北省植物检疫执法工作的发展现状问题及对策

为进一步保护河北省农作物的安全,不仅需要国家政策法规的保障,更需要植保检疫人员辅以行之有效的检疫执法手段。分析了当前河北省检疫执法工作的现状和存在的主要问题;从加大植物检疫行政执法管理力度、运用多种手段进一步做好执法宣传工作、强化检疫执法人员执法办案能力、进一步开展《河北省植物保护条例》执法探索4个方面,提出了推进植保植检执法工作开展的应对策略。     

我国海洋渔业执法体系及发展思考

在分析我国海洋渔业执法现状和存在问题的基础上,结合我国海洋渔业实际情况,对我国海洋渔业执法体系进行研究,并为解决有关问题提出建议.     

我国农村环境行政执法的现状及其完善

当前我国农村环境问题日益严峻,环境行政执法现状不容乐观,另人担忧。其存在的障碍主要有农村环境行政执法的法律依据不充分;农村环境执法机构不健全;执法人员素质较低;地方保护主义的影响;农村环境行政执法监督的缺失。因此,加强农村环境行政执法必须完善我国农村环境行政执法的法律依据;健全农村环境执法机构;提高执法人员的素质;建立严格的绿色GDP考核制度和环保问责制度;健全农村环境执法监督体制。     

农业经济与政策领域作者分布及合作研究

选取SCI/SSCI收录的国际"农业经济与政策"领域中的10个英文期刊作为研究基础数据,对作者发表论文及合作进行研究。发现作者发文量分布出现明显的"长尾现象",服从幂律分布规律,即少量作者和机构对学科领域的发展做出了大量的贡献,而大量的作者和机构只做出了少量贡献。农业经济与政策领域合作网络中包含大量不相连接的小型网络,处于科研合作网络发展的初级阶段。