Bilateral ovarian leiomyoma treated by standing laparoscopic ovariectomy

An 11‐year‐old Warmblood mare presented to a referral facility due to behavioural problems. A hormonal profile performed prior to referral included increased systemic concentrations of testosterone and progesterone but a low concentration of inhibin. Transrectal ultrasound revealed ovaries consistent with a normal cycling mare. At the request of the owner, standing bilateral laparoscopic ovariectomy was performed without complication. Both ovaries were submitted for histopathological examination which revealed bilateral ovarian leiomyoma.     

Laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy in standing bulls

Laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy without insufflation was applied in 10 standing bulls aged 3 to 15 months. Nine bulls were preoperatively pointed out intra-abdominal testes by computed tomography. Preoperative fasting for a minimum of 24 hr provided laparoscopic visualization of intra-abdominal area from the kidney to the inguinal region. Surgical procedure was interrupted by intra-abdominal fat and testis size. It took 0.6 to 1.5 hr in 4 animals weighing 98 to 139 kg, 0.8 to 2.8 hr in 4 animals weighing 170 to 187 kg, and 3 and 4 hr in 2 animals weighing 244 and 300 kg to complete the cryptorchidectomy. In conclusion, standing gasless laparoscopic cryptorchidectomy seems to be most suitable for bulls weighing from 100 to 180 kg.     

Wound Retractor Laparoscopic Port System for Standing Laparoscopic Cryptorchidectomy in the Horse: A Case Report

Cryptorchidectomy is the most commonly performed laparoscopic procedure in horses. However, its use for the extraction of an abdominal testis has disadvantages such as loss of a resected testis from grasp and fragmentation of the specimen because of the excessive tension required for extraction through a thick body wall. The ring wound retractor laparoscopic port system was recently used in human and small animal surgery to perform laparoscopic-assisted procedures and retrieve large specimens from the abdomen. In the present case, the wound retractor was placed as the ventral port in the right flank through a minilaparotomy. Thereafter, the cap with the gas inlet and instrument port was connected. The other two ports were placed dorsally using 10-mm stainless steel cannulas. Grasping forcep was introduced through the ventral port, and the laparoscope and vessel-sealing devices were introduced through the dorsal ports. After the testis was resected, it was retrieved from the abdomen through the retractor without the grasping forceps jaw being released. This is the first case report describing the use of the wound retractor laparoscopic port system for standing cryptorchidectomy in a horse. This system can be a feasible and safe option for flank laparoscopy in horses, and it facilitates specimen retrieval from the abdominal cavity, but further studies should confirm this preliminary report.     

脂肪间充质干细胞条件培养基对小型猪肝缺血再灌注合并肝部分切除炎症反应的影响

本研究旨在探究脂肪间充质干细胞条件培养基（adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells-condition medium，ADSCs-CM）对小型猪肝缺血再灌注合并肝部分切除炎症反应的作用。基于腹腔镜技术对24头小型猪建立肝缺血再灌注（ischemia reperfusion，IR）合并肝部分切除模型，根据术后对肝移植4种不同物质：生理盐水、浓缩的基础培养基、浓缩的脂肪间充质干细胞培养基、脂肪间充质干细胞，将小型猪分为模型组（IRI）、DMEM组（DMEM）、ADSCs-CM组（CM）和ADSCs组（ADSCs）4组，每组6只。分别于术前、术后1、3、7 d采集血液与肝组织样本，通过病理组织学炎性细胞的观察，血液常规指标的检测，血清皮质醇（COR）、C反应蛋白（CRP）、透明质酸（HA）的ELISA检测，肝组织炎症相关基因IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、IL-10 mRNA的qRT-PCR检测综合评价ADSCs-CM对炎症反应的作用。结果显示：术后1和3 d：IRI组、DMEM组的病理切片出现较多炎性细胞，血常规和炎症相关基因结果也表明术后发生炎症反应，而CM组和ADSCs组显著减少组织中炎性细胞的浸润和血液中白细胞（WBC）、中性粒细胞（NE）、淋巴细胞（LY）的细胞数，降低组织中促炎因子IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α mRNA的表达水平，并提高抗炎因子IL-10 mRNA的表达水平。术后7 d，各组基本恢复到术前水平。综上表明：肝缺血再灌注合并肝部分切除可致炎症的发生，ADSCs-CM和ADSCs均可改善肝缺血再灌注合并肝部分切除的炎症反应，ADSCs-CM移植有潜力成为未来治疗炎症反应的无细胞疗法。     

Laparoscopic Embryo Transfer in Pigs：Knowledge for Surgical Procedures

The objective of the study was to describe and improve a technique for laparoscopic embryo transfer into the oviduct and uterine horns of pigs and to evaluate the feasibility and safety of this method. Fourteen female pigs were randomly allocated into groups A and B: three portals were used for group A, and the simulation of embryo (0.9% NaCl, 0.2 mL) was injected into the tip of uterine horn; three or four portals were used for group B, and the injection set of the oviduct was inserted through the abdominal orifice of uterine tube into the oviduct to inject the simulation of embryo. The repeat laparoscopy was performed on the 21st day. Three pigs randomly selected from each groups were repeated the same procedure three times, and then were euthanized on the 21st day after the last surgery and a complete necropsy performed. Laparoscopic embryo transfer was performed successfully in all pigs without major intra-and post-operative complications. The average surgical time which accomplished procedures for groups A and B was 18.6 min (range, 28-14 min) and 37.4 min (range, 53-29 min). Postoperatively, none of pigs appeared to abnormal signs. This study demonstrated that laparoscopic embryo transfer could be easily accomplished by using the special-purpose equipment and increasing reuse time of a female recipient.     

Laparoscopic assisted surgical removal of a congenital rectal hamartoma in a foal

In this report we describe a 3‐week‐old Paint horse filly that presented with rectal bleeding associated with a protruding mass. Rectal bleeding in neonates can be caused by infectious agents, trauma, congenital defects, rectal tears or tumours. Histopathology was performed on an avulsed piece of tissue. A second mass was identified endoscopically and was removed using a stapling instrument per rectum under endoscopic guidance and laparoscopic assistance. The mass was diagnosed as a rectal hamartoma. Recovery was uneventful.     

The Duration of Ovulation in GnRH-Treated Gilts Following Seminal Plasma Infusion

Contents: The relationship between seminal plasma infusion and ovulation time in GnRH-treated gilts was investigated. Following oestrus synchronisation with Regumate (Roussel Uclaf) and PMSG (Pregmagon Dessau) 14 gilts were injected with 75 μg GnRH (Gonavet "Berlin-Chemie") 80 h after PMSG. Seven gilts received an additional intracervical infusion of 80 ml seminal plasma 16 h after GnRH. The laparoscopic observation of follicular development and ovulation started 24 h after GnRH injection in 6 to 1.5 h intervals up to the completion of ovulation. The mean interval between GnRH and completion of ovulation was 40.1 1.6 h in gilts treated with seminal plasma and 40.8 0.7 h in control gilts. There was no additional seminal plasma related effect on the advancement of ovulation compared to GnRH only.     

犬腹腔镜下胸腔和腹腔通路膈肌破裂修补术对肝肾功能的影响

为了解腹腔镜手术对犬肝肾功能变化的影响以及探讨其可能的发生机制。12只健康杂种犬随机均分为两组:胸腔通路腹腔镜膈肌破裂修补术(LDT)和腹腔通路腹腔镜膈肌破裂修补术(LDC)。在术前、术后即刻、1、3、5、7 d采集血清样品进行肝肾功能的检测。结果表明,LDT、LDC两组的血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)、肌酐(Cr)、尿素(BUN)与术前比较,都有显著性差异(P0.05)。与LDT组比较,LDC组ALT在术后即刻与第3天均有极显著性差异(P0.01),AST在术后即刻与第1、3天比较均有极显著性差异(P0.01)。同时也对其他肝肾功能指标进行了检测与数据处理,未发现有意义的改变。LDT和LDC可导致血清肝脏、肾脏酶学有统计学意义的短暂增高。LDC较LDT对ALT与AST影响更显著。