Effects of Epidural Ketamine–Xylazine Combination on the Clinicophysiological and Haematobiochemical Parameters of Uraemic and Healthy Goats

Xylazine–ketamine combination was evaluated for its efficacy and safety after epidural administration in uraemic and healthy goats. The combination (xylazine 0.025 mg/kg and ketamine 2.5 mg/kg) was administered to uraemic (n = 6) and healthy (n = 6) animals in the lumbosacral epidural space. The combination was evaluated in terms of clinical, physiological, haematological and biochemical parameters. The onset of analgesia was faster in healthy animals than in uraemic animals. Xylazine and ketamine produced complete analgesia of tail, perineum, inguinal and thigh regions in all animals of both groups. However, healthy animals showed longer duration of complete analgesia than did uraemic animals. Greater ataxia was recorded in healthy animals than in uraemic animals. The heart rate showed a significant decrease in both groups; however, respiratory rate and rectal temperature did not show any significant changes. Haemoglobin, packed cell volume and total leukocyte count decreased non-significantly in both groups. Total leukocyte count was significantly higher in uraemic animals. A significantly higher value of urea nitrogen and creatinine was recorded in uraemic animals. The blood electrolytes (Na⁺, K⁺ and Cl⁻) and blood gases (P o ₂ and P co ₂) did not show any significant changes in both groups; however, base excess was significantly higher in uraemic animals. The effects produced by the combination on different systems were transient and values normal as the effect of the drugs wore off. The results suggest that the combination when used epidurally in uraemic goats produced effective and safe surgical analgesia.     

辽宁绒山羊随机扩增多态DNA的研究

利用随机扩增多态DNA（RAPD）技术对辽宁绒山羊的遗传变异进行了分析，用37个随机引物和55个两两组合的随机引物组合进行筛选，筛选出了5个多态性较为丰富的随机引物（组合）。用这5个随机引物（组合）对35个个体进行扩增，据它们的RAPD指纹图计算了遗传变异度（0．2475）。     

辽宁新品系绒山羊Hoxc-13基因的结构和分析

本文论述了在研究辽宁新品系绒山羊皮肤上调控绒细度基因时,通过RT-PCR和RACE方法,在皮肤中获得了Hoxc-13启动子1 367bp。此外,本文描述了Hoxc-13基因的分离和特性,并进行比较分析,在控制毛发角蛋白转录方面,Hoxc-13基因在皮肤中可能还有其他的重要功能。     

复方左旋咪唑浇注剂在山羊体内的药代动力学研究

研究了山羊涂皮给予复方左旋咪唑浇注剂(0 1mL/kg)后,血浆中左旋咪唑的药物动力学特征。本项研究采用高效液相色谱法,色谱条件是以μBond-C18(2×250mm)为固定相,甲醇:0 05mol/L碳酸铵(65∶35,v/v)为流动相,225nm为检测波长。左旋咪唑血药浓度经药代动力学分析表明,其血药浓度的经-时过程符合一级吸收一室开放模型,动力学方程为:C =3 894(e-0 157t-e-0 340t),达峰时间(Tmax)为4 326h,峰浓度(Cmax)为0 916μg/mL,曲线下面积(AUC)为11 015μg/(mL·h)。     

奶山羊实验性乳房炎病理模型

通过在健康奶山羊一侧乳区内接种1mL(10^6cfu/mL)金黄色葡萄球菌悬液复制乳房炎病理模型，其模型指标有：临床症状，体温变化，乳中体细胞数测定，乳牛乳腺炎电子检测仪检测，病原菌分离培养主病理组织学变化。结果表明按上述方法乳房内接种金黄色葡萄球菌可复制出典型的奶山羊急性乳房炎病理模型。     

都尔伯特半荒漠草原牧区绵山羊乳及乳制品中乳酸球菌的分离鉴定

本研究从都尔伯特半荒漠草原牧区牧民家庭采集的62份样品中分离到63株乳酸球菌，种属鉴定结果63株球菌分别属于3个属7个种。     

湖南山羊传染性脓疱首次诊断

1991年3月我院胚胎移殖山羊和会同县农户山羊,口角上、下唇等部长有瘤状硬痂,疑为羊口疮.利用自然病例痂皮毒悬液,划痕接种健康山羊和家兔,山羊能复制出与自然病例相同的疾病,家兔亦能感染发病.利用人工感染康复家兔制备的高免血清,经琼脂扩散试验和对流免疫电泳试验均可出现特异性沉淀线,从而初步确诊本病为羊传染性脓疱.     

山羊实验性骨折愈合的X线观察

利用X线诊断技术,观察山羊的掌骨骨折愈合情况.结果表明:骨折愈合过程各期出现骨痂的最早时间,纤维性骨痂期平均为13d(最早者12d);骨性骨痂形成期平均为15.5d(最早者14d);骨性接合期平均为44d(最早者38d);骨痂改建期平均为72.5d(最早者70d).同时表明,同一骨骼的骨折,因骨折部位上下不同,达到各期愈合所经历的时间的差异明显,即掌骨上1/3组比掌骨下1/3组分别提前2,3,12和5d.     

安哥拉山羊羊纤维鳞片特征

应用单侧观察法和旋转观察法在扫描电镜下对安哥拉山羊羊毛鳞片特征进行了研究。结果表明，安哥拉山羊毛纤维鳞片在直径１５微米下呈环形排列，鳞片多为四边形；在较粗的羊毛中，鳞片排列为非环形，鳞片形状多为三角形或多边形。两类鳞片实质上都呈复瓦状排列方式。鳞片的形状具有多态性。鳞片表面光滑，具有浅而直的纵向条纹，自然边缘逐渐变薄，紧贴毛干。     

关中奶山羊精液中四种激素水平的季节性变化

应用放射免疫分析法(RIA)测定了关中奶山羊公羊(n=11)全年精液中睾酮(T)、17β-雌二醇(17β-E_2)、孕酮(p_4)和皮质醇(F)水平。T水平在8～11月份平均为9.35ng/ml,12～7月份平均为2.13ng/ml(p<0.001)。17β-E_2浓度在6,10月份极显著地高于其他月份(p<0.01);P_4含量在4～8月份极显著地高于9～8月份(P<0.01);F浓度在8～12月份平均为11.04ng/ml,1～7月份平均为8.12ng/ml(p<0.001)。