不同菜豆品种4种抗营养因子水平差异分析

菜豆中植物凝集素、皂苷、胰蛋白酶抑制剂和植酸等抗营养因子是引起菜豆食物中毒的内源物。以56份食荚菜豆品种为材料,测定了鲜荚中4种抗营养因子含量或活性。结果表明,供试菜豆品种群体4种抗营养因子水平均存在极显著差异。植物凝集素含量(均值为1.743 mg·g~(-1))和胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性(均值为1.680 mg·g~(-1))变异系数均在100%以上,品种频率分布曲线主峰明显,但在极高和极低区域均有品种间断分布,出现了品种水平的数量等级差异;皂苷含量(均值为3.730 mg·g~(-1))和植酸含量(均值为3.102 mg·g~(-1))变异系数均低于41%,品种频率分布曲线呈近正态分布,主峰明显,双尾有低频率连续分布。相关分析表明,植物凝集素含量与胰蛋白酶抑制剂活性呈极显著正相关。聚类分析将供试56份菜豆品种划分为3个品种群,近80%品种聚于抗营养因子中等水平品种群,近12%品种居于较低水平。由于菜豆植物凝集素是食用致毒性的主要内源物,同时其和胰蛋白酶抑制剂等均与菜豆田间抗病虫性密切相关,预示着筛选出极低水平植物凝集素的菜豆品种是可行的,但同时可能会降低其田间抗病虫性。     

饲料碳水化合物水平对南方鲇(Silurus meridionalis)幼鱼肝脏、胰脏和肾脏的组织学影响

为研究饲料碳水化合物对南方鲇（Silurus meridionalis）的组织结构的影响,配制分别含0%,15%,30%糊化玉米淀粉的等能饲料分别作为对照、中水平和高水平碳水化合物（CHO）饲料,观察以3种饲料喂养8周后南方鲇鱼体肝脏、胰脏和肾脏的组织形态学.结果发现：中水平碳水化合物和高水平碳水化合物组的肝细胞多发生肿胀和空泡化,部分肝细胞膜破裂.中水平碳水化合物和高水平碳水化合物组的肝细胞密度差异不显著,二者均显著低于对照组（p〈0.05）.高水平碳水化合物组肝细胞短径显著大于对照组（p〈0.05）,二者均与中水平碳水化合物组无显著差异.中水平碳水化合物和高水平碳水化合物组肝细胞核多移至细胞边位,大小无明显变化.中水平碳水化合物和高水平碳水化合物组的胰脏和肾脏组织结构与对照组相比没有明显变化.结果表明：摄食过高水平碳水化合物饲料对南方鲇幼鱼的肝脏组织结构有一定程度的损害,验证了饲料碳水化合物对肉食性鱼类在组织学水平上的营养胁迫.     

抗真菌转基因大豆对大豆疫霉根腐病抗病性鉴定

采用下胚轴伤口接种法,对Southern杂交阳性的转菜豆几丁质酶基因和大麦核糖体失活蛋白基因的双价转基因大豆T2代的5个株系,进行了大豆疫霉根腐病抗病性检测,并通过比较接种后转基因大豆与对照组的死亡率来探讨两者的抗病性差异。结果表明,有4个转基因株系对大豆疫霉根腐病的抗性与非转基因对照组相比有明显提高,另外1个株系与对照组相比没有明显差异。     

谭新华教授治疗勃起功能障碍经验

谭新华教授对勃起功能障碍的病因病机认识、病证表现、证候分型、治疗方法方面都有独特的见解和心得,认为“房劳伤肾”是本病的基本病因病机;将本病分为肾阳虚衰、肾精亏损、心脾两虚、肝气郁结、惊恐伤肾、瘀血阻络、湿热下注7种基本类型;临床治疗病证结合,随证遣方,随症用药,中西结合,多法活用。     

磷酸缓冲液提高菜豆幼苗耐冻力机理的初探

磷酸缓冲液影响菜豆耐冻力的作用机理为:通过增加气孔阻力、抑制蒸腾,进而限制了根系吸水,使植株水分含量减少;促进淀粉由淀粉磷酸化的途径降解为可溶性糖;蛋白质降解为游离氨基酸,使细胞浓度增加;由于植株磷量增加,促进ATP高能健形成,最终使植株耐冻力得到增强。磷酸缓冲液的这种耐冻效应是可以传递的,H_2PO_4~-(HPO_4~=)、K~+和Na~+三种离子的单独效应低于它们的共同复合效应。     

Experimental Researches on Carcinogenesis or Tumorigenicity of MDCK Canine Kidney Cell(CKC) Lines and Analysis of Their Chromosome Karyotypes

The chromosomal number variations & structural aberrations of the MDCK cell line, primary feline or canine kidney cell(FKC or CKC) and Hela cell line were investigated and their karyotypes of conventional chromosome bands were analyzed. The carcinogenesis or tumorigenicity testing of these cell lines in about 232 nude mice and for colony formation in soft agarose and for haemagglutination under different concentration of plant lectins of these cells were carried out. Under the prerequisite that the incidence of cancer or tumor in negative-control nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with primary feline or canine kidney cell cultures purified in vitro at passage 3 was 0 (0/22) and 0 (0/10), respectively. The incidence of the progressively-growing malignant tumor(MT) in positive-control nude mice inoculated subcutaneously with Hela cell cultures of KB, X, or NM20/X strain was 10/10, 25/25 and 5/51, respectively. The results showed that the incidence of tumor in nude mice with tetrapioid YA strain of MDCK cell during 20 - 45 passages, with hypodiploid JB strain of MDCK cell on passage 25, with di-and hypoploid JC strain of MDCK cell during 2 - 15passages or with hypoploid M strain of MDCK cell during 9 - 27 passages was 28/58, 1/5, 4/18 and 0/31,respectively. The chromosomal analysis results showed that the ratio of difference in the rate of modal chromosome number between high (mcs + n) and lowest (mcs)passages was not more than 5 % - 15 % and the structure aberrations was generally 0 - 3%. These results proved that the genetic characteristics of chromosomal number of cell lines determines their tumorigenicity, but it is species-specific. MDCK line has tumorigenicity no matter what its chromosome karyotype is, at least it has very low tumorigenicity even when its modal chromosome number is hypoploid. The repeatedly frozen, thawed and split controls of tumorigenicity-positive cell lines(X strain of Hela, M strain of BHK-21, JA strain of Vero, YA strain of MDCK) have much lower tumorigenicity or are even non-carcinogenesis, and the repeatedly frozen, thawed and split controls of very low tumorigenicity cell lines (M or JC strain of MDCK) are certainly non-carcinogenic and never have increased tumorigenicity.It is thus evident that MDCK cell of M, JB or JC strain can be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines, but MDCK cell of YA strain can not be approved as substrate for the preparation of comattenuated viral vaccines. In summary, all strains of MDCK cell line have tunorigenicity, at least have low tumorigencity, never have non-cancinogenic MDCK, but very low tumorigenicity MDCK cell strains can certainly be used for the approval production of canine viral vaccines if the DNA content in viral cell cultures was remarkably decreased through conventional means in manufacturing process. Therefore, the master cell stock and working cell bank of MDCK line used for vaccine manufacture were established in China, which are free of infectious agents, and described with respect to cytogenetic characteristics and tumorigenicity. Tests showed that there were correlations among cell line chromosome number variations, anchorage independence in soft agarose, haemagglutination under plant lectins, and tumor-forming ability in nude mice, thus all the in vitro tests are economic, simple and reliable means for monitoring the tumor-forming ability of MDCK line in nude mice.     

鹅肾超微结构的研究

应用组织切片和透射电子显微镜技术，研究了２５只成年鹅肾脏的显微和超微结构。结果表明，近曲小管有发育良好的刷状缘；远曲小管有特征性的指状突起，中间夹有大而长的线粒体；肾小球毛细血管围绕间膜细胞呈圆周形排布；肾小囊足细胞的突起与毛细血和内皮及基膜紧密相贴，三者构成肾小球的滤过屏障。     

实验性慢性氟中毒家兔肝、肾动态超微病理学研究

２４只２０～３０日龄体重０．７～１．２ｋｇ新西兰白兔随机分为实验组１５只（每日每只随饮水摄取ＮａＦ４５ｍｇ／ｋｇ体重）及健康对照组９只（饮用自来水）．两组在相同饲养管理条件下实验观察．分别在实验第３０，６０．９０ｄ时迫杀，对肝和肾进行超微病理学研究．结果表明，肝和肾实质细胞膜系统损伤明显，胶原原纤维再生增多，且有再生障碍及再生后的损伤性变化．     

Further Report on Carcinogenesis or Tumorigenicity of MDCK Canine Kidney Cell(CKC) Lines and Analysis of Their Chromosome Karyotypes

Using Hela cell cultures as positive control and primary canine kidney cell (CKC) or feline kidney cell (FKC) cultures purified in vitro on passage 3 as negative control, the tumorigenicity of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was tested in ＞273 nude mice, and colony formation in soft agarose and haemagglutination under different concentration of plant lectins of these cells were carried out at the same time. Subsequently, very low tumorigenicity strains of MDCK line were successfully selected; these were evaluated for the production of canine or feline combination viral vaccines, free of infectious agents, and of known cytogenetic and tumorigenic. It is thus evident that MDCK cell of M, JB, JC, WB or H strain can be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines, but MDCK cell of YA, YB and KA strains can not be approved as substrate for the preparation of attenuated viral vaccines. The heritable character of these cell sub-lines is comparatively stable, and shows little significant difference between passages.     

潘敏求教授从“瘀、毒、虚”论治乳腺癌经验

潘敏求教授认为乳腺与肝、脾、肾及冲任二脉关系密切,“瘀”、“毒”、“虚”是乳腺癌的基本病机,“疏肝健脾、补肾益精、化瘀解毒”是治疗乳腺癌的主要治则,潘教授临床用药常扶正祛邪并用,中西结合综合治疗,在疏肝健脾的基础上,十分重视脾胃与肝肾之气,以自拟乳复方为基本方,随症加减,临床应用疗效满意。