中药克痢散对鸡大肠杆菌病防治效果研究

根据中兽医学理论和中医药在现代医学上的应用成果，以石膏、滑石、白头翁、苍术等组方制成克痢散，经过药敏对比试验、对比治疗试验及区域性治疗试验，其对鸡大肠杆菌病最高治愈率97．6％，平均为97.3％。     

Effect of Synbiotic and Antibacterial Peptide on Colibacillosis and Immune Regulation in Broiler Chickens

This experiment was to study the effect of synbiotic and antibacterial peptide on growth performance,and the immune regulation of broiler chickens after the E.coli O78 attack. Totally 100 broilers of health 1-day-old Ross 308 were randomly divided into four treatment groups:Synbiotic group (group S) was fed with basal diet+0.3% synbiotic;Antibacterial peptides group (group AP) was fed with basal diet+0.5% antibacterial peptide; Antibacterial peptide+synbiotic group (group SAP) was fed with basal diet+0.3% synbiotic+0.5% antibacterial peptide;Control group (group C) was fed with basal diet,and the growth performance were determined. At the 14th day,10 chickens from each group were randomly selected for muscle injection with E.coli O78 (the attacked control group was named as model group (group M)),and after 24 h,the morbidity,mortality and immune function of chickens in each group were determined. The results showed that compared with control group,the F/G and ADF of groups S and AP were significantly decreased (P<0.05).Before E.coli O78 attack,the bursa index of group SAP was significantly higher than control group (P<0.05),and other groups had no significant difference (P>0.05);While after the E.coli O78 attack,the thymus,spleen and bursa indexes of groups S and AP were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05),the spleen and bursa indexes of group SAP were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05),and the thymus index showed no significant difference (P>0.05).Compared with the group M,the IgA,sIgA and IL-10 of group S showed no significant difference (P>0.05),while the IL-6 levels decreased extremely significantly (P<0.01);The IgA and IL-6 of group AP were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01),meanwhile the sIgA and IL-10 were significantly or extremely significantly higher (P<0.05;P<0.01); The changed trend of SAP group was the same as the group AP.In conclusion,the synbiotic and antibacterial peptide could improve the feed conversion rate of chickens and they were used alone or combination all could improved chicken immune function after the bacteria attack.     

鹧鸪新城疫及大肠杆菌混合感染的诊断

河南台前某养殖场发生一起鹧鸪以拉稀、流泪、眼肿、遥神经症状为特征的传染病。根据流行病学、临床症状、病理变化、实验室诊断等综合利用，确诊为新城疫和大肠杆菌混合感染，采取有效措施后，病情得到控制。     

鸡大肠杆菌病的诊治报告

2005年3月1日,宁夏回族自治区中卫市某镇养鸡大户饲养的1500只（150d）蛋鸡陆续发生腹泻、死亡．经过临床症状、病理剖检、组织病理学、细菌培养、生化试验、药敏试验等诊断方法,确诊为鸡的大肠杆菌病,并为地方流行病．在确诊的基础上,采取了药物治疗、环境消毒、加强管理、淘汰病鸡等综合防治措施,使病情得到了控制．截止3月15日,再没有出现死亡现象,产蛋率由75％上升至90％．     

兽医透皮治疗体系(TTS)研究Ⅱ诺氟沙星搽剂母猪乳房透皮给药及其临床意义

将诺氟沙星(Norfloxacin)与皮肤渗透促进剂氮酮(Azone)按药剂学方法配制成透皮搽剂,应用于哺乳母猪。分别以每个乳房皮区1,2,3mL(分别含诺氟沙星100,200,300mg)的剂量涂搽于乳房区外皮,搽药后1-3h 内,分别采集乳样进行二批检测:一批以微生物法检测乳药的抑菌环,结果表明接种20μL 乳样抑菌环直径均在9-20mm 之间,大部分达11mm 以上,乳药抑菌效力相当于或超过诺氟沙星5mg/L 最低抑菌浓度(MIC)溶液的抑菌效力;另一批以紫外分光光度法检测1mL 乳样的含药量。结果表明,搽药1mL 的乳样含药量为1.20-1.90 g/L,2mL 的为1.52-2.12g/L,3mL 的为1.86-3.50g/L。2批检测结果均表明可达到透皮给药治疗相关疾病的有效剂量。本方法可通过吮吸乳药以治疗乳猪的肠型大肠杆菌病(EC),以及可用于肠道菌性乳房炎(CM)等疾病的治疗。     

中草药制剂对人工感染肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病的防治试验

为了研究中草药制剂对人工感染肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病的防治效果。根据传统中兽医理论自制中药方剂,以对分离株大肠杆菌敏感性较高的丁胺卡那霉素作为对照组,研究中草药制剂对人工感染肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病的治疗与预防效果。结果表明,中草药复方制剂组的治疗保护率为83.3%,丁胺卡那霉素组为86.6%,表明利用中草药防治肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病对解决抗生素的耐药性和药物残留问题有重要意义。中草药复方制剂预防组和丁胺卡那霉素预防组的保护率均为93.3%。各试验组间肉仔鸡的增重差异不显著(P>0.05)。该研究为肉仔鸡大肠杆菌病的临床防治提供了科学依据。     

禽霍乱与大肠杆菌病多价蜂胶二联灭活疫苗的研究

为研制绿色环保型的禽霍乱与大肠杆菌病多价二联灭活疫苗,本研究以禽多杀性巴氏杆菌强毒株G48-1、G48-2和禽致病性大肠杆菌常见血清型01/0154、02/086、078、018、08/093等为制苗菌株,分别以改良马丁琼脂和马丁肉汤进行固体表面培养和高密度发酵培养制备抗原,将灭活的抗原铺以具有广谱生物学活性的天然物质-蜂胶为免疫增强剂,已拥有完全自主知识产权的纳米蜂胶疫苗制造工艺技术平台制备禽霍乱与大肠杆菌病多价蜂胶二联灭活疫苗.试验结果表明,疫苗安全可靠,无明显的干扰现象,免疫后5～7 d产生坚强保护力,对禽霍乱和鸡大肠杆菌病的近期保护率均为100%.以实验动物小鼠代替本动物进行二联疫苗效检取得成功,本效检方法可缩短检验期限7 d,降低检验成本,具有更敏感、更特异、更客观、更简便等特点.禽霍乱采用攻毒法,大肠杆菌采用改良微量凝集试验测定抗体效价法测定禽-大二联疫苗的免疫期与保存期.结果表明,该疫苗的免疫期为6个月以上,-10℃保存期为18个月;4℃～8℃为12个月;15℃～30℃为6个月.田间免疫试验表明,疫苗安全可靠,现场应用已逾2亿羽份,效果良好.     

大肠杆菌987 P基因工程菌苗预防实验性仔猪黄痢试验

用基因工程技术构建的大肠杆菌HB101/pBP52菌株能产生987 P型菌毛,但不产生热稳定肠毒素(ST),用该茵株制备灭活苗,在产前21天免疫18头第一胎怀孕母猪.在分娩后24～48小时内,用产热稳定肠毒素(ST)大肠杆菌987菌株(O9:K103,987P:NM)人工感染所产仔猪102头,88头仔猪在观察期(攻毒后7天)结束时安全无恙,保护率达86.27％.结果表明:用无毒大肠杆菌HB 101/pBP 52菌株制备的灭活苗可以有效地预防987P菌毛型致病性大肠杆菌引起的仔猪黄痢.     

中草药多糖对断奶仔猪肠道组织形态的影响

选用28日龄三元杂交（杜长大）断奶仔猪60头,平均体重7．50kg左右,随机分为六个处理组,每个处理10个重复,每个重复一头猪。第一组为对照组,饲喂玉米一豆粕型基础日粮;第二组在基础日粮中添加0．3％中草药复合多糖;第三组在基础日粮中添加0．6％复合多糖;第四组在基础日粮中添加0．9％复合多糖;第五组在基础日粮中添加0．6％白术多糖;第六组在基础日粮中添加抗生素。正式饲养14d后屠宰,取十二指肠、空肠和回肠做肠道组织切片,观察小肠绒毛高度,隐窝深度,并计算出绒毛高度与隐窝深度比。结果表明添加0．6％的复合多糖组能显著提高十二指肠的绒毛高度（P〈0．05）,与对照组和抗生素组相比,分别提高了14．36％和8．43％。0．3％复合多糖组显著提高小肠绒毛与隐窝深度比,并分别比对照组和抗生素组高出11．99％和11．41％。其它肠段的各指标有一定程度的提高（P〉0．05）。     

“肠达康”对鸡人工感染大肠杆菌病的疗效

肠达康体外药敏试验表明,对鸡源大肠杆菌Ｃ８３８６２的抑菌圈为３０．５±１．１ｍｍ,诺氟沙星为２８．０±１．６ｍｍ;体内药效试验表明,肠达康按５５,６０和７０ｍｇ／Ｌ饮水给药,连续用药３ｄ,对人工诱发大肠杆菌病鸡的保护率分别为４３．３％,７３．３％和８３．３％,均极显著高于诺氟沙星组和阳性对照组。肠达康试验组之间,高剂量、中剂量组药效也极显著高于低剂量组,而高、中剂量组之间差异不显著。另外,与阳性对照组及诺氟沙星对照组比较,肠达康试验各组雏鸡发病率较低,临床发病症状较轻。