LAMP assay and rapid sample preparation method for on‐site detection of flavescence dorée phytoplasma in grapevine

In Europe the most devastating phytoplasma associated with grapevine yellows (GY) diseases is a quarantine pest, flavescence dorée (FDp), from the 16SrV taxonomic group. The on‐site detection of FDp with an affordable device would contribute to faster and more efficient decisions on the control measures for FDp. Therefore, a real‐time isothermal LAMP assay for detection of FDp was validated according to the EPPO standards and MIQE guidelines. The LAMP assay was shown to be specific and extremely sensitive, because it detected FDp in all leaf samples that were determined to be FDp infected using quantitative real‐time PCR. The whole procedure of sample preparation and testing was designed and optimized for on‐site detection and can be completed in one hour. The homogenization procedure of the grapevine samples (leaf vein, flower or berry) was optimized to allow direct testing of crude homogenates with the LAMP assay, without the need for DNA extraction, and was shown to be extremely sensitive.     

核酸标准物质研究现状

以核酸扩增为基础的分子诊断技术越来越广泛的应用于医学研究、出入境检验检疫、疫病诊断等领域,核酸标准物质是保证体外诊断检测数据和结果准确一致的重要材料。作者介绍了国内外核酸标准物质的发展历史、研究现状及面临的挑战,展望了核酸标准物质未来发展方向。     

马疱疹病毒1型LAMP检测方法的建立

本试验旨在建立一种检测马疱疹病毒1型（EHV-1）的快速、灵敏、特异的环介导等温扩增技术（LAMP）,同时评价该方法的可靠性。根据马鼻肺炎糖蛋白B（gB）基因特异保守序列设计多对LAMP引物,利用LAMP Real Time Turbidimeter LA-320仪监测反应进程,进行引物筛选和反应条件的优化,建立能特异性扩增EHV-1 DNA的LAMP检测方法,并加入SYBR GreenⅠ通过肉眼判断结果。该方法在65 ℃恒温下作用50 min,使EHV-1 DNA获得了高效率的特异性扩增,与其他马易感病毒如马疱疹病毒4型（EHV-4）等无交叉反应;且具有极高的灵敏性,可检测到10^-4稀释的目标病毒,比普通PCR的灵敏度高10倍;反应结束后加入SYBR GreenⅠ肉眼观察的结果与LAMP Real Time Turbidimeter LA-320仪监测结果一致。通过将4份临床样品的LAMP检测结果与已得到验证的PCR结果进行比对,结果显示符合率为100%。本研究建立的LAMP检测方法具有快速、特异、灵敏、简单易操作且设备要求低等特点,具有实地检测EHV-1的前景。     

一个新的土壤重金属竞争吸附等温模型

A new competitive adsorption isothermal model (CAIM) was developed for the coexistent and competitive binding of heavy metals to the soil surface. This model extended the earlier adsorption isothermal models by considering more than one kind of ion adsorption on the soil surface. It was compared with the Langmuir model using different conditions, and it was found that CAIM, which was suitable for competitive ion adsorption at the soil solid-liquid surface, had more advantages than the Langmuir model. The new competitive adsorption isothermal model was used to fit the data of heavy metal (Zn and Cd) competitive adsorption by a yellow soil at two temperatures. The results showed that CAIM was appropriate for the competitive adsorption of heavy metals on the soil surface at different temperatures. The fitted parameters of CAIM had explicit physical meaning. The model allowed for the calculation of the standard molar Gibbs free energy change, the standard molar enthalpy change, and the standard molar entropy change of the competitive adsorption of the heavy metals, Zn and Cd, by the yellow soil at two temperatures using the thermodynamic equilibrium constants.     

新型的高性能小信号放大器

针对设计高质量小信号放大器存在的许多问题,文章提出了一种新型的高性能小信号放大器,电路采用ICL公司生产的运算放大器,设计了一种新电路,结构简单,成本低廉,性能优异。     

猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒M基因RT-LAMP检测方法的建立

本研究根据GenBank中登录的猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒(porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus, PRRSV)M基因保守序列6个特异性部位设计了 2对引物,建立了PRRSV的环介导逆转录等温检测方法。结果表明,该方法灵敏度比RT-PCR高100倍;全部反应可在1 h内完成并可得到其特有的阶梯状条带,而且猪圆环病毒、猪瘟病毒、猪伪狂犬病毒的扩增结果均为阴性;在反应体系中添加SYBR GREENⅠ染料后,可通过肉眼观察有无荧光而直接判定结果。该方法灵敏度高、特异性好,可作为猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒的快速诊断方法。     

粗毛淫羊藿内转录间隔区序列扩增条件的优化

用CTAB法提取粗毛淫羊藿叶片DNA,进行内转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer,ITS)序列PCR扩增试验,通过单因子试验研究了退火温度、Mg2+浓度、TapDNA聚合酶浓度、dNTP浓度对ITS-PCR反应的影响,并通过各因子的组合研究,建立了适宜于粗毛淫羊藿ITS分析的扩增体系:25μL体系中2.5μL10×buffer、1μL模板DNA、1.0mmol/LMgCl2、1.5mmol/L dNTP、1.25UTaq酶、0.4μmol/L ITS4、ITS5.PCR反应程序为95℃5min;94℃30 s,52℃45 s,72℃1min,共35个循环;72℃7min.粗毛淫羊藿ITS扩增条件的优化,可以为淫羊藿属遗传多样性的研究及分子鉴定奠定基础.     

转基因作物外源转基因成分环介导等温扩增技术检测方法的建立及应用

 【目的】建立转基因作物外源转基因成分环介导等温扩增技术检测方法。【方法】以转基因作物中常用的花椰菜花叶病毒35S启动子（CaMV35S）为主要研究对象,利用环介导等温扩增技术（loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP）,针对CaMV35S基因的6个区域设计4种特异引物,利用1种链置换DNA聚合酶(Bst DNA polymerase)在65℃保温1 h,通过荧光显色即可完成对转基因作物鉴定工作。同时对7种转基因作物进行LAMP检测。【结果】该LAMP方法通过特异性检测含有CaMV35S启动子的转基因作物,其检测结果的特异性与常规PCR方法结果一致,灵敏度是常规PCR的10倍。【结论】转基因作物LAMP检测方法具有高度的特异性及稳定性,结果可靠,非常适合转基因作物的快速检测,有较好的应用价值。     

环介导等温扩增技术的改进及其在病原微生物检测中的应用研究进展

环介导等温扩增技术(loop-mediated isothermal amplification,LAMP)是近年来发展出来的一种新型核酸扩增技术。自建立以来,该技术不断改进和发展,并广泛应用于病原微生物的检测,文章将就此展开综述。     

环介导等温扩增技术及其在动物疫病检测中的应用

环介导等温扩增技术(LAMP)是一种新型的体外等温扩增特异核酸片段的技术,具有灵敏度高、特异性强及快速检测等优点,现已经广泛应用于动物疫病的快速检测。文章对LAMP的反应原理、技术特点及其近年来在动物疫病检测中的应用作一综述,旨在为该技术的深入研究和应用提供参考。