珍珠鸡人工授精的研究

用电刺激采精方法 ,对 5只雄性成年珍珠鸡进行 2 5只次试验 ,皆获得精液。与按摩采精法相比 ,电刺激采精法采集的精液量 (0 .5 5 m L )显著高于按摩法 (0 .12 m L ) ,平均每次射出的精子总数 (4.2 2亿个 )比按摩采精法 (2 .4 4亿个 )显著增加 ,但精子活率和受精率无显著差异。冷冻试验结果表明 ,精子的活率为 2 0 %～ 5 0 % ,输精结果表明 ,受精率可达 6 0 %。     

葡萄双受精过程的形态学观察

观察了葡萄双受精过程中雌雄性核的融合。结果表明:花粉管通过珠孔穿入退化助细胞,释放出二精子;精子核接近并贴附在卵核和次生核上,二者核膜融合,精核沉入卵核及次生核,染色质松解,并与雌性核染色质融合,出现雄性核仁,两性核仁融合,形成合子及初生胚乳核。卵核完成受精较次生核晚。受精属有丝分裂前型。精核进入卵核前看到了它的核仁。少数胚囊具有两套卵器。     

顺序注射HG-AFS法测定富硒农产品中的硒含量

建立了顺序注射氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定富硒农产品中硒的分析方法。探讨了富硒农产品中无机硒和有机硒的分离及提取方法。考察了酸度、硼氢化钾浓度及载气流量等条件对硒原子荧光强度的影响。在最佳工作条件下,硒的检出限为0.026 ng/ml,相对标准偏差为0.58%,线性范围为0～100 ng/ml,应用本方法测定不同富硒农产品中的总硒含量为43.8～648.2ng/g,有机硒含量为30.6～509.8 ng/g,无机硒的加标回收率为91.5%～104.5%。该方法简便、灵敏、重现性好、干扰少,适合富硒农产品中的总硒和有机硒的测定。     

橡胶树树干注输营养液施肥法成效初探

采用树干注射输液法在老龄RRIM600橡胶树上进行相同配比不同浓度的营养液注输施肥试验。连续注输营养液2个月和4个月后分别对各试验处理后橡胶树胶乳的产量和叶片中养分元素含量进行定量分析。结果显示:在本试验条件下,树干注输营养液施肥法对橡胶树的胶乳产量没有显著的影响,但有助于提高橡胶树叶片中营养元素含量。相同配比不同浓度的营养液连续注输2个月后橡胶叶片中大部分养分元素含量均有一定程度的增长,连续注输4个月后各试验处理的差异开始显现。输液后叶片中养分元素增长量最大的溶液配比浓度为:尿素0.1 g/L,磷酸二氢钾6.81 mg/L,硫酸钾50.6 mg/L,硫酸镁34.5 mg/L,硫酸铜1 mg/L,硫酸亚铁1.39 g/L,硫酸锰2 mg/L,硫酸锌1 mg/L,硼酸2 mg/L。     

Na+、K+、葡萄糖及甘油对高体雅罗鱼精子活力的影响

[目的]明确水体介质参数与高体雅罗鱼精子活力的关系,解决高体雅罗鱼人工繁殖受精率低及鱼苗鱼种生产效率低的技术难题.[方法]以快速运动时间(FT)、寿命时间(LT)和精子激活率为评价指标,探究Na+、K+、葡萄糖及甘油对高体雅罗鱼精子活力的影响.[结果]Na+浓度为135 mmol/L时高体雅罗鱼精子活力最强,FT为71 s,LT为1020 s,精子激活率为95%;K+浓度为5 mmol/L时高体雅罗鱼精子活力最强,FT为52 s,LT为280 s,精子激活率为80%;葡萄糖浓度为180 mmol/L时高体雅罗鱼精子活力最强,FT为78 s,LT为1200 s,精子激活率为95%;甘油浓度为180 mmol/L时高体雅罗鱼精子活力最强,FT为79 s,LT为1380 s,精子激活率为90%.[结论]适宜浓度的Na+、K+、葡萄糖及甘油具有单独提高高体雅罗鱼精子活力的作用,但高浓度Na+、K+、葡萄糖及甘油对高体雅罗鱼精子的激活率呈明显抑制作用.实际生产中,可选择135 mmol/L Na+、5 mmol/L K+、180 mmol/L葡萄糖或180 mmol/L甘油作为高体雅罗鱼精子的激活液,提高其人工繁殖生产效率.     

牛附睾和附睾液分析与牛附睾尾精子在模拟附睾液中存活试验

[目的]新鲜精液在离开生殖腺后存活时间很短.相关研究表明副睾液为精子的存活提供了特殊的环境.试验探讨和研究牛附睾精子在体外模拟附睾液中的存活试验的各因素的影响.[方法]试验对公牛附睾头部和尾部的摩尔渗透压和蛋白质浓度进行了分析,牛附睾尾部精子在不同蛋白浓度的CEP-2溶液中,在4℃条件下孵育120h.每24h做一次精子活力检测.[结果]5 d后精子活力仍然超过60;.附睾头、尾部的渗透压分别为(287.0±13.7)mOsm和(310.8±17.0)mOsm.蛋白浓度分别为(37.43±12.55)mg/mL和(50.58±11.08)mg/mL.[结论]附睾尾精子在蛋白浓度为40mg/mL,渗透压为345 mOsm时,精子存活率最高.     

门冬胰岛素30注射液强化治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的临床观察

目的观察门冬胰岛素30（诺和锐30）注射液强化治疗Ⅱ型糖尿病的效果.方法Ⅱ型糖尿病患者86例,给予生活方式干预,包括健康教育,低热量、低脂肪饮食,中等体力活动,戒烟、限酒,血压高者给予降压等,血脂异常者给予调脂.治疗组给予诺和锐30注射液3餐前皮注（根据血糖监测结果调整胰岛素剂量）,对照组给予诺和灵30R笔芯,早、晚餐前30 min皮注.观察6个月,观察治疗前后患者的FBG、2hPBG、HbA1c及低血糖发生率的变化.结果Ⅱ型糖尿病患者用诺和锐30强化治疗后,FBG、2hPBG、HbA1c等指标均好于对照组,低血糖发生率较对照组减少,P〈0.01,经比较有统计学意义.结论对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者应用诺和锐30强化治疗,血糖平稳,低血糖发生率减低,疗效肯定.     

QSA的mRNA在人和小鼠各组织中表达规律

从基因水平上检测精子中新基因QSA的表达规律及时空分布,并推测其可能的生物学作用.采用RT-PCR和原位杂交法检测QSA在人和小鼠多种组织中的表达.RT-PCR结果显示QSA在小鼠的睾丸、精子和受精卵中特异性表达,而在小鼠卵细胞、囊胚等组织中未检测到该基因的mRNA.原位杂交结果表明QSA在人的部分腺体组织(如:睾丸、...     

Control of insect pests using trunk injection in a newly established apple orchard

We evaluated the potential for using preplant trunk injections of emamectin benzoate in nonbearing apple trees. Trees were evaluated for pest injury and emamectin residues throughout the planting season and into the following year. Injections into the trunk best delivered emamectin benzoate to the canopy compared with injections into the taproot, and the higher rate reduced insect pests more than the lower rate. In the following year, differences in insect control between trunk and root injections were less pronounced, but the higher rate of emamectin benzoate persisted longer and better reduced pests relative to the other treatments.     

Cryopreservation of Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) sperm: effects of cryoprotectants,antioxidant, membrane stabilizer,equilibration time and dilution ratio on sperm motility and fertility

Three experiments were performed to develop protocols for cryopreservation of Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus, sperm. In the first experiment, sperm from six males was individually split in three subsamples and cryopreserved using Modified Tsvetkova's extender (mT) supplemented with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), methanol (MeOH), glycerol (Gly) and ethylene glycol (EG) at concentration of 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. In the second set of experiments, the effects of six equilibration times (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 and 60 min) and dilution ratios (volume sperm: volume extender 1:0.5, 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:5 and 1:10) and the additive advantage of bovine serum albumin (BSA; 0, 2.5, 5 and 10 mg mL^?1) and ascorbic acid (0, 2.5, 5 and 10 U mL^?1), on the post‐thaw survival of sperm (triplicate set of six fish) were evaluated. Then, sperm was diluted in 1:1 mT extender with 10 mg mL^?1 BSA with selected cryoprotectants (15% MeOH and 10% DMSO) for 5 min. After a month of storage in liquid nitrogen, post‐thawed sperm motility; fertilization and hatching rate and viability of derived larvae were measured (Exp.3). Evaluation of cryoprotectants efficiency showed that MeOH 15% and DMSO 10% were suitable for cryopreservation of Persian sturgeon sperm. Gly and EG resulted in very low post‐thaw motility rates even at lowest concentration. No significant difference was observed among the four different equilibration times (0, 5, 10, 20 min) (P > 0.05) although higher equilibration times than 20 min resulted low post‐thaw motility (P < 0.05). The motility of frozen–thawed sperm did not significantly change when dilution ratio was increased from 1:0.5 to 1:3 (P > 0.05). However, higher dilution ratios (1:5 and 1:10) reduced the percentage of motile sperm. Supplementation of the cryoprotectant solution with 10 mg mL^?1 BSA significantly improved post‐thaw motility (P < 0.05), but ascorbic acid did not improve post‐thaw motility (P > 0.05). The results of experiment 3 showed that the highest fertilization (30.2 ± 5.75) and hatching rates (28.2 ± 5.25) were observed when samples were frozen with 15% MeOH (P > 0.05). Our study indicates that the use of mT extender consisting of 10 mg mL^?1 BSA in 15% MeOH diluted with sperm at 1:1 ratio for 5 min can be recommended cryopreservation method for Persian sturgeon sperm.