ACCURACY OF DIAGNOSTIC ULTRASOUND FOR DETECTION OF CYSTIC LESIONS: DETERMINATION USING RECEIVER OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVE ANALYSIS OF FINDINGS IN PHANTOM STUDIES

Anechoic, spherical cystic lesions are important findings on ultrasound examination. In polycystic renal disease of cats, they may be the only ultrasonographic sign of disease. This study assesses the accuracy of ultrasound, as used in a veterinary setting, for the detection of cysts. Using a spherical lesion ultrasound imaging phantom and 7.5- to 8-MHz linear array transducers, images of cysts of 2- and 4-mm diameter were created at various imaging depths from 0 to 6 cm. These were digitized and given to a panel of readers for interpretation. Area under receiver operating characteristic curves were used to evaluate test accuracy. It was shown that test accuracy was different at different imaging depths and differed with machines of differing price category. It is suggested that when setting standards for quality control in ultrasound, criteria used might be better related to imaging outcome studies rather than to aspects of machine specification.     

运输应激猪组织病理性损伤、HSP27的组织分布及其相关性研究

利用组织学、免疫组织化学以及临床血液检测等方法，探讨持续运输应激对育肥出栏猪组织的病理性损伤以及组织损伤与HSP27组织定位之间的相关性。结果表明：运输应激初期（1～2h），反映组织损伤的血液肌酸激酶（CK）和天门冬氨酸氨基转移酶（AST）活性都显著升高；应激4h时，CK及AST活性有所下降；当应激持续到6h和10h时，CK活性又显著升高。组织病理损伤也呈现出相似的波动变化。免疫组织化学结果显示，随着应激时间的延长，HSP押在组织中的定位没有发生肉眼可见的变化；HSP27主要分布在心肌和肝细胞胞浆中，在背最长肌的细胞浆和细胞核中均呈强阳性表达，在肺脏细支气管的黏膜下层有强阳性表达，在受检组织的血管壁及内皮细胞中也有强阳性表达。     

Effect of Dietary Mannan Oligosaccharide (Bio-Mos) on Live Performance of Broiler Chickens Given an Anticoccidial Vaccine (Paracox) Followed by a Mild Coccidial Challenge

A pen trial with 720 Ross 308 male chicks evaluated effects of Paracox-5 vaccination at d 1, dietary mannan oligosaccharide (MOS; Bio-Mos at 2, 1, and 0.5 kg/tonne in starter, grower, and finisher, respectively), and d-15 Eimeria challenge on d-22 lesions and 1 to 42-d live performance. Available floor area in each of 24 floor pens was 2.1 m², and 30 chicks were placed per pen initially. A 3-phase feeding program was used: starter (0 to 15 d), grower (16 to 22 d), and finisher (23 to 42 d). The 4 dietary and vaccine treatments were as follows: 1) without vaccination, dietary MOS, or coccidiosis challenge; 2) without vaccination and dietary MOS but with a 3-strain pathogenic Eimeria challenge; 3) with Paracox-5 vaccination and Eimeria challenge but no dietary MOS; and 4) with Paracox vaccination, dietary MOS, and Eimeria challenge. The pathogenic Eimeria sporulated oocysts mixture from the French National Institute for Agricultural Research (Paris, France), standardized and well-defined, was given via feed at d 15 (100,000 Eimeria acervulina, 10,000 Eimeria maxima, and 15,000 Eimeria tenella per bird). Coccidiosis lesion scores were recorded at 22 d of age (scored as 0, 1, 2, or 3 with increasing severity). Overall mean lesion scores (P < 0.001) were higher in challenged birds. Paracox-5 alone improved 15-d BW and 1 to 15- and 15 to 22-d average daily gain of Eimeria-challenged broilers (P < 0.05). Dietary MOS improved (P < 0.05) 15 to 42- and 22 to 42-d FCR of Paracox-5 vaccinated, Eimeria- challenged broilers. Mortality was 4.4 to 5.8% by treatment, with no significant differences. It was concluded that dietary MOS improved the feed conversion ratio of Paracox-5-vaccinated (d 1), challenged (d 15) broilers from 15 to 42 d of age.     

Occult subchondral osseous cyst-like lesions of the equine tarsocrural joint

OBJECTIVE: To report the clinical signs, diagnosis, management, and outcome of horses with occult sub-chondral osseous cyst-like lesions of the tarsocrural joint. DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Twelve horses with subchondral osseous cyst-like lesions (SOCLs) in the tarsocrural joint. METHODS: Information about history, examination findings, diagnostic techniques, and surgical procedures as obtained from medical records. Outcome was determined by patient re-evaluation and telephone communication with the referring veterinarian, owner, or trainer. RESULTS: Horses were aged from 3 to 29 years. Lameness (2 weeks to 1 year) varied from moderate to severe. Synovial fluid analyses (9 horses) yielded changes consistent with suppurative inflammation and positive bacterial culture was obtained in 4 horses. Eight of 9 horses that had intra-articular analgesia had a dramatic reduction in lameness. No abnormalities were detected on tarsal radiographs in 10 horses. Scintigraphy identified foci of increased radiopharmaceutical uptake in the distal tibia or talus of all horses, and the lesion was further characterized by computed tomography in 7 horses. SOCLs were identified in the medial malleolus (5), intertrochlear groove of the talus (4), lateral malleolus (2), and distal intermediate ridge of the tibia (1). One horse was euthanatized, 6 horses had surgical debridement, and 5 horses were managed conservatively. Four horses treated surgically (67%) returned to soundness. Conservatively treated horses continued to exhibit lameness but 2 were sufficiently sound for light pleasure riding. CONCLUSIONS: Occult lesions of the tarsus not visible on radiographs can be detected by computed tomography and scintigraphy and may be a source of lameness. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: SOCL, possibly of septic origin, should be a differential diagnosis for persistent lameness localized to the tarsocrural joint without radiographic abnormalities. Surgical debridement of the lesions may offer the best prognosis for a return to athletic soundness.     

用于水稻突变体大量筛选的DNA微量快速提取法

介绍了一种高通量水稻DNA微量快速抽提法。该方法特别适用于精细作图群体和大型突变体库的筛选鉴定,不仅通量大、速度快,而且可以确保足够的DNA浓度和纯度。DNA质量可以确保一般的PCR扩增,包括SSR检测以及应用于TILLING（targeting induced local lesion in genome）分析。     

宫颈外观与宫颈病变关系初探

目的初步研究宫颈外观与宫颈病变的关系.方法选取2005-01—2009-12月河北北方学院附属第一医院妇科所有宫颈病变患者临床资料,回顾性分析其临床资料,按病变程度分组,比较各组病变之间宫颈外观的构成比,并作分析.结果在所有阳性病例中宫颈光滑和轻度糜烂与中重度糜烂组比较,差异无统计学意义.但在高度病变和癌变中中重度糜烂...     

Canine and feline blood transfusions: controversies and recent advances in administration practices

ObjectivesTo discuss and review blood transfusion practices in dogs and cats including collection and storage of blood and administration of products. To report new developments, controversial practices, less conventional blood product administration techniques and where applicable, describe the relevance to anaesthetists and anaesthesia.Databases usedPubMed and Google Scholar using dog, cat, blood transfusion, packed red blood cells and whole blood as keywords.ConclusionsBlood transfusions improve oxygen carrying capacity and the clinical signs of anaemia. However there are numerous potential risks and complications possible with transfusions, which may outweigh their benefits. Storage of blood products has improved considerably over time but whilst extended storage times may improve their availability, a phenomenon known as the storage lesion has been identified which affects erythrocyte viability and survival. Leukoreduction involves removing leukocytes and platelets thereby preventing their release of cytokines and bioactive compounds which also contribute to storage lesions and certain transfusion reactions. Newer transfusion techniques are being explored such as cell salvage in surgical patients and subsequent autologous transfusion. Xenotransfusions, using blood and blood products between different species, provide an alternative to conventional blood products.     

玉米大斑病流行过程重要环节的初步定量研究——Ⅱ.孢子萌发侵入、潜育显症和病斑扩展

文中对玉米大斑病流行过程中的3个环节——孢子萌发侵入、潜育显症和病斑扩展进行了定量研究。提出了孢子侵入概率与露时、露温关系,逐日累积显症率与显症日数关系,潜育期与玉米生育期关系等4个回归预测式;还研究了气温、降雨对潜育显症,气温、光照对病斑扩展的影响。     

水稻类病变突变体lmm1的诱发与初步分析

用1.0%化学诱变剂EMS处理抗稻瘟病水稻品种Katy,获得一个水稻类病变坏死突变体,命名为lmm1。与对照Katy相比,该突变体的主要农艺性状表型发生了显著变异:植株变矮,分蘖数和千粒重显著减少。遗传学分析研究表明,该突变为单基因细胞核隐性突变。经稻瘟病与纹枯病真菌人工接种实验,结果表明该突变体比对照Katy具有更强的广谱抗性,表明lmm1对于提高水稻广谱抗性具有一定的价值。