UV-B辐射增强对大豆等植物生理生态特性的影响

地球臭氧层的破坏是目前世界上最受关注的环境问题之一,由于臭氧层的破坏而导致的大气紫外辐射(UV-B)的增加将会严重影响到植物的生命活动.文章概述了增强UV-B辐射作为环境胁迫冈子对大豆等植物形态、植物生物量、繁殖、光合色素、气孔导度和蒸腾速率、光合和呼吸作用以及UV-B吸收物质的影响,提出了今后研究应重视的有关问题.     

植物来源药物联合抗肿瘤的研究进展

主要对长春碱、小檗碱、喜树碱和苦参碱等生物碱类、紫杉醇类药物联合抗肿瘤治疗进行了综述,并指出植物来源药物联合抗肿瘤的发展方向。     

电解质辅助微波辐射凝固胶清工艺的研究

采用新型微波辐射凝固法凝固胶清,研究了不同种类用量的电解质、微波辐射的温度和功率对胶清凝固的影响;并将酸凝固胶清橡胶和微波凝固胶清橡胶的理化性能和力学性能进行了对比研究。结果表明,当乙酸铵用量达到胶清质量2%以上、温度在97℃、功率为900 W时,凝固时间在4 min左右,其凝固效果好;微波凝固胶清橡胶的理化性能和力学性能均比酸凝固胶清橡胶高。     

Nitrate and bromide contents of glasshouse radish as affected by soil content and global radiation

Abstract

Samples (208) of radish (Raphanus sativus L.) foliage and root were collected from commercial glasshouses. Simultaneously corresponding soil samples were taken. Both plant and soil samples were analysed for nitrate and bromide.

The nitrate contents of foliage and root are affected by global radiation and by nitrate content of the soil. An interaction between the two factors was found; It indicated that soil nitrate content had a considerable effect in summer, but much less so in winter under poor light conditions, when the level of nitrate in the crop is high regardless of the nitrogen status of the soil. To study the effect of radiation on nitrate content of radish in summer it was found best to consider the cumulative amount of radiation during 10 days before harvest; in winter, a period of 20–30 days was more suitable.

The bromide content of foliage and root (highest values being resp. 390 and 73 mg Br per kg fresh product) was correlated with the concentration of bromide in the 1:2 volume soil extract. An increase of 1 mmol NO₃ per 1 soil extract lowered the Br content of fresh radish roots by 5.8 mg Br per kg.     

The effect of gamma‐radiation on the release of carbon dioxide from fresh soil

Abstract

The release of CO₂ from fresh soil at medium moisture was examined for 14 days after the application of gamma‐radiation over the range 0.025 ‐ 10 Mrad. All doses stimulated the release of CO₂ compared with non‐irradiated soil, but there was no extra yield of gas between 4 and 10 Mrad. Rapid evolution occurred during irradiation and over the next 24 hours, but towards the end of incubation both irradiated and untreated soil produced CO₂ at similar rates.

Studies to elucidate the origin of CO₂ indicated that the contribution from enzymes was predominant up to 2 Mrad, but at 10 Mrad, 45% of the gas could be formed by radiolytic decarboxylation of soil organic matter. Consequently, heavy irradiation of soil cannot stop production of CO₂, and if high concentrations do interfere with the application of radiation to specific soil research investigations, the gas should be displaced or allowed to diffuse from the sample.     

基于外间隙模型的脉冲星高能辐射研究——以类Crab脉冲星PSR J2229+6114为例

脉冲星物理因脉冲星具有极高的密度、极强的磁场强度等极端物理环境而成为天体物理研究的热点.在两极辐射外间隙模型的基础上,对模型进行了如下考虑:①就对产生过程对脉冲星外间隙厚度因子的限制进行了深入分析;②考虑了脉冲星磁倾角对加速带电粒子运动的影响,计算了带电粒子投射角;③采用了新的计算伽玛射线辐射立体角的方法.在此基础上,将改进的模型运用到Fermi LAT新观测到的类Crab脉冲星(Crab-like Pul-sar):PSR J2229+6114,计算结果表明改进的外间隙模型能够较好的解释这颗脉冲星观测到的能谱和光变曲线.     

Efficacy of itraconazole as a combined continuous/pulse therapy in feline dermatophytosis: preliminary results in nine cases

This study evaluated the efficacy of itraconazole as a combined continuous/pulse therapy for feline dermatophytosis. Nine cats with dermatophytosis caused by Microsporum canis were treated with itraconazole at 10 mg kg(-1) orally once daily for 28 days and then on an alternate week regimen (1 week off, 1 week on) at the same dosage. Cats were re-evaluated by physical examination and fungal culture at days 28, 42, 56 and 70 if necessary. Treatment was stopped when two consecutive negative fungal cultures were obtained. Eight cats were cured after 56 days, with two negative cultures obtained at days 28 and 42. In one case, a positive culture was obtained at day 28, but negative cultures were achieved at days 42 and 56. This protocol appears to be effective in the treatment of feline dermatophytosis, although these preliminary results should be confirmed by a controlled study.     

同步辐射软X射线对家蚕生理生化性状的影响

采用一定剂量同步辐射（ＳＲ）软Ｘ射线辐照催青卵及蚕蛹,利用ＰＡＧＥ对蚕卵及蛹子代的蛋白质和酯酶同工酶进行分析,结果发现谱带数目及活性的变化,茧质调查与对照相比也有差异。首次证明ＳＲ软Ｘ射线对家蚕的生理生化性状有一定影响     

Effect of thyroid hormone supplementation on survival of euthyroid dogs with congestive heart failure due to systolic myocardial dysfunction: a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Nineteen euthyroid dogs of 12 breeds with echocardiographic signs of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and radiographic and clinical signs of congestive heart failure (CHF) were evaluated in a randomised, double-blind, and placebo-controlled study. The dogs received either thyroxine or placebo as an adjunct to digoxin, furosemide and propranolol. The group assignment of individual dogs and serum concentrations of thyroid hormones remained unknown to owners and investigators during the entire study period. Dogs were evaluated clinically and with electrocardiography (ECG), thoracic radiography, echocardiography and measurement of total thyroxine (tT4) and thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) before beginning of the trial, and then one week, 2 months, 6 months and yearly after initial examination, and, when applicable, at the time of euthanasia. End-point of the study was euthanasia (n = 17) due to severe congestive heart failure or sudden death (n = 2). Survival times ranged from 17 to 1030 days (median 187 days) in the placebo group, and from 18 to 1000 days (median 73 days) in the treatment group. There was no statistically significant difference in survival times between the treatment group and the placebo group (p = 0.46). Post mortem and histopathologic examinations revealed the attenuated wavy fiber type of DCM in 11 dogs, and myocardial infarcts, arteriosclerosis and chronic valvular disease in one dog. In conclusion, there was a wide range in survival times of dogs treated with digoxin, furosemide and propranolol. Adding thyroid hormones to the treatment did not significantly influence survival.     

Confirmation of the Prophylactic Value of Paromomycin in a Natural Outbreak of Caprine Cryptosporidiosis

Veterinary Research Communications -