Biologically active components of a Papua New Guinea analgesic and anti-inflammatory lichen preparation

A traditional preparation of Parmotrema saccatilobum (Taylor) Hale (Family: Parmeliaceae) is being considered for inclusion into the PNG national drug formulary by the Ministry of Health Taskforce on Traditional Medicines. The lichen preparation is traditionally used in the Milne Bay province of Papua New Guinea for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. A hexane extract of P. saccatilobum yielded the principle components atranorin and chloroatranorin. Atranorin and chloroatranorin were tested in a COX-1 and -2 enzyme inhibition assay, which showed that atranorin inhibited COX-1 in a dose dependent manner and suggests partial inhibition by atranorin and chloroatranorin of COX-2 and COX-1, respectively.     

马尾松β-蒎烯合酶基因克隆以及对松材线虫侵染的响应

[目的]对马尾松β-蒎烯合酶基因PmPinS进行克隆,分析其序列特征和高抗易感马尾松中松材线虫侵染后的表达模式,为解析马尾松抗松材线虫病机制提供理论基础.[方法]采用PCR扩增技术克隆马尾松Pm-PinS的全长编码区序列,进行同源氨基酸序列比对和系统发育分析,利用生物信息学方法分析其基因特征;利用实时定量PCR技术分析...     

香菇杂菌绿色木霉室内抑制试验初探

为寻求控制绿色木霉等杂菌的有效途径和减少农药对环境的污染 ,采用多菌灵、甲基托布津和多种药用植物水煎剂 ,对香菇栽培中重要污染菌绿色木霉进行了室内抑制试验。绿色木霉对多菌灵和甲基托布津很敏感 ,在 0 5mg L的低浓度下仍能被抑制 ,而在该浓度下 ,多菌灵对香菇菌丝生长影响较小。在被试验的 2 0余种药用植物中 ,有 6种药用植物对绿色木霉有较明显的抑制作用 ,其中以黄檗水煎剂的抑菌效果最佳     

樟子松热处理材耐久性能的评价

对樟子松热处理材进行室内防霉、防蚁蛀及野外埋地检测,综合评价其耐久性能。结果表明:樟子松热处理材对霉菌、变色菌均无防治效力,不抗白蚁蛀蚀;樟子松热处理材的耐久年限约为3年。     

Antiproliferative activity of Goldfussia psilostachys ethanolic extract on K562 leukemia cells

A dose-dependent and significant (P<0.01) antiproliferative effect of Goldfussia psilostachys ethanolic extract was observed on K562 cells. The IC(50) is ca. 0.5 microg/ml. The extract markedly increases the proportion of cell in G2/M phases and decreases the population of cells in G0/G1 phases. Moreover, the antimitotic effect is correlated with polymerization of microtubule assembly. These results indicate that G. psilostachys ethanolic extract inhibits the proliferation of K562 cells and disrupts the normal dynamic of microtubules during mitosis.     

Inhibition by pulp juice and enhancement by ingestion on germination of bird-dispersedPrunus seeds

To evaluate what prevents seed germination and why ingestion by birds enhances germination, we carried out germination experiments using bird-dispersed seeds of twoPrunus species (Prunus sargentii andP. ssiori) in the laboratory. Germination of seeds with following four treatments was compared: “Ingested seeds” excreted after feeding of fruits to birds; “Extracted seeds” deliberately extracted from the fruit pulp; “Juiced seeds” which were supplemented with the juice of the pulp after seeds had been deliberately extracted from the pulp; and “Intact seeds” in untreated whole fruits. Many ingested (27%, 23% inP. sargentii, 18% inP. ssiori) and extracted seeds (24% inP. sargentii, 17% inP. ssiori) germinated, and difference in germination percentages between ingested and extracted seeds were not significant, for eitherPrunus species. The Juiced seeds rarely germinated (2% inP. sargentii, 6% inP. ssiori), and seeds within intact fruits did not germinate. These results suggest that the fruit pulp and the juice of the pulp inhibit germination and the seeds could germinate without ingestion by birds once they had been manually extracted from pulp. Therefore, it is considered that bird ingestion enahnces germination by removing pulp, especially juice of the pulp, in these twoPrunus species.     

不同分子质量木质素磺酸钙缓蚀性能研究

采用渗析超滤法将木质素磺酸钙（木钙,CL）分为不同相对分子质量（Mw）的4个级分．测定了不同级分中羧基、酚羟基、磺酸基的含量,用失重法和电化学交流阻抗谱研究了不同Mw级分的缓蚀性能及作用机理。研究表明,随着Mw增大,羧基、酚羟基、磺酸基的含量减小。Mw〈5000级分对碳钢有缓蚀性能,Mw〉5000级分对碳钢无缓蚀性能。对电极系统等效电路的拟合结果表明,掺加不同Mw级分溶液的等效电路不同,在Mw1000—5000级分溶液中出现两个时间常数,说明低Mw的级分能够在金属表面成膜抑制金属腐蚀。     

对蜂蜜中主要抗褐变因子的探讨

选用ＡＧ５０Ｗ－Ｘ８阳离子交换树脂，并以批处理的方式，成功地将蜂蜜中的肽类物质与其它组合得到了分离。抗褐变实验结果清楚地表明，蜂蜜中的肽类成分完全没有抑制褐变的活性。这与以前的报道截然不同。     

Evaluation of proline analysis and chlorophyll fluorescence quenching measurements as drought tolerance indicators in durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum)

Summary The possibility of using proline accumulation and fluorescence inhibition as predictive tests for drought tolerance in durum wheat has been investigated. The drought susceptibility of 25 genotypes was evaluated by comparing yields and yield components in irrigated and non irrigated conditions in the field. A drought susceptibility index (DSI) was calculated based on yields from irrigated and dry treatments and compared with the results obtained using the two physiological criteria. Proline accumulation and chlorophyll fluorescence inhibition were found to be significantly and negatively correlated with DSI of grain yield, biological yield, and thousand kernel weight, and tiller index. The use of both criteria for breeding durum wheat in Mediterranean dryland is discussed.     

农产品中农药残留检测技术研究进展

通过综述农产品农药残留现状及检测技术研究进展,分析比较有关农产品农药残留的国内外标准,指出我国农药残留标准存在的一些问题,并对有关检测技术提出建议。