木薯秆/木薯渣生物质人造板的制备研究

介绍了一种生物质人造板的制备工艺路线,以木薯秆(芯层)/木薯渣(表层)质量比、板材密度以及施胶量为试验因素,静曲强度和内结合强度为主要评价指标,利用正交试验设计法研究各工艺因素和生物质人造板相关理化性能的内在联系,结果表明,最佳的制备工艺为:木薯秆与木薯渣质量比为3:l、板材密度为0.7g/cm~3、施胶量为18%,制备的生物质人造板类似于普通刨花板,其性能技术指标达到了GB/T4897—2003《刨花板》中规定的干燥状态下使用的普通用板要求。     

Changes in the mechanical properties of wood during a period of moisture conditioning

Changes in the modulus of elasticity (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR), and stress relaxation in the radial direction of wood (hinoki:Chamaecyparis obtusa) moisture-conditioned by the adsorption process from a dry state and by the desorption process from a moisture content slightly below the fiber saturation point were investigated. The MOE and MOR of wood conditioned by the adsorption process showed significant increases during the later stages of conditioning when the moisture content scarcely changed. However, with the desorption process they did not increase as much during later stages of conditioning, though they increased during early stages of conditioning when the moisture content greatly decreased. The stress relaxation of wood decreased with an increase in the conditioning period with both the adsorption and desorption processes. These results suggest that wood in an unstable state, caused by the existing state of moisture differed from that in a true equilibrium state shows lower elasticity and strength and higher fluidity than wood in a true equilibrium state. Furthermore, the present study demonstrates that the unstable states of wood induced during the course of drying, desorption, and possibly adsorption of moisture are slowly modified as wood approaches a true equilibrium state.     

落叶松规格材抗弯性能特征值研究

以国产兴安落叶松规格材为例,根据美国标准ASTM D4761-96对规格材进行抗弯弹性模量和抗弯强度测试,并参照ASTM D1990-97,利用非参数法和参数法估计,初步得出兴安落叶松规格材抗弯弹性模量和抗弯强度特征值.为完善我国结构用规格材强度测试方法与强度特征值确定方法标准提供参考.     

青核桃脱皮力学特性分析

随着我国核桃种植面积和产量不断增大,青核桃加工规模大,人工脱皮效率低。机械化脱皮是提高核桃外观品质、实现核桃商品化的重要途径,而青核桃脱皮力学特性直接影响青核桃脱皮设备性能。测定了扎343青核桃的球度及青皮厚度。在微机控制电子万能实验机上,对扎343青核桃进行准静态压缩实验。探索出青核桃挤压方向、挤压速率、尺寸大小,预处理等因素对青皮破裂力的影响。结果表明:核桃青皮破裂具有方向性;挤压青核桃时核桃青皮可看作各向同性材料;青核桃在挤压过程中压力与位移呈线性关系;不同挤压速率下,青皮破裂时的位移量随着挤压速率的增加而减少;青皮破裂时的位移量随着青核桃尺寸的增加而增大;增加对核桃青皮划口预处理,可以减小青皮破裂时的压力,这为核桃脱皮机械的结构设计提供可靠依据。