鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对脂多糖诱导的小鼠急性炎症的影响

试验旨在探讨鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对脂多糖(lipopolysaccharide,LPS)诱导的小鼠急性炎症的影响。将24只SPF雌性小鼠随机分成4组:PBS组,LPS模型组,重组UBC13蛋白高、低剂量组(分别为100和25μg/只),每组6只。LPS模型组与各蛋白剂量组腹腔注射20 mg/kg LPS,PBS组腹腔注射等体积PBS;注射结束1 h后,各蛋白组按相应剂量背部皮下多点注射重组UBC13蛋白,PBS组与LPS模型组注射等体积PBS。给予蛋白24 h后处死小鼠。收集小鼠肺脏、脾脏、胸腺及肝脏组织,计算脏器指数,HE染色观察组织病理学变化,实时荧光定量PCR检测肺脏、脾脏、胸腺和肝脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA的相对表达量,以及肺脏中iNOS mRNA的相对表达量,综合评价鼠源重组UBC13蛋白对LPS诱导小鼠急性炎症的影响。结果显示,与PBS组相比,LPS模型组小鼠肺脏、脾脏及肝脏指数均显著或极显著升高(P<0.05;P<0.01),且肺脏、脾脏和肝脏组织均出现病理变化。实时荧光定量PCR结果显示,与PBS组相比,LPS模型组肺脏、脾脏、胸腺和肝脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6 mRNA相对表达量均极显著升高(P<0.01),肺脏中iNOS mRNA相对表达量也极显著升高(P<0.01);与LPS模型组相比,UBC13蛋白高剂量组肺脏、脾脏和肝脏中病理变化明显改善,肺脏、肝脏、脾脏中IL-1β、TNF-α、IL-6及肺脏中iNOS mRNA表达量均极显著降低(P<0.01);胸腺中TNF-αmRNA表达量显著降低(P<0.05),IL-6 mRNA和IL-1β表达量极显著降低(P<0.01)。表明鼠源重组UBC13蛋白可下调炎性因子的表达,从而改善LPS诱导的小鼠急性炎症反应。     

Phenylbutazone induces equine glandular gastric disease without decreasing prostaglandin E2 concentrations

In equids, phenylbutazone at high doses induces gastric disease, primarily in the glandular portion of the stomach. However, the mechanism of nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drug (NSAID)‐induced gastric disease in horses has yet to be determined. While phenylbutazone‐associated ulceration is often attributed to a decrease in basal gastric prostaglandins, this has not been demonstrated in the horse. Twelve horses were randomly assigned to treatment (n  = 6; 4.4 mg/kg phenylbutazone PO in 20 ml molasses q 12 hr for 7 days) or placebo (n  = 6; 20 ml molasses PO q 12 hr for 7 days) groups. Before treatment and 3 and 7 days after initiation of treatment, gastroscopy was performed and glandular gastric biopsies were collected and frozen at ?80°C. Glandular disease was assessed on a scale of 0–4. Prostaglandin E₂ concentrations in biopsies were measured using a commercially available enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. All phenylbutazone‐treated horses developed grade ≥2 glandular disease. Prostaglandin concentrations increased over time (p  = .0017), but there was no effect of treatment (p  = .49). These findings indicate that despite induction of glandular disease grade ≥2, phenylbutazone did not decrease basal glandular gastric prostaglandin E₂ concentration.     

湖北青砖茶对IBS-D模型大鼠肠道敏感性的影响

研究了湖北青砖茶对腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)模型大鼠肠道的影响。结果表明,与正常组相比,模型组的痛阈值明显降低,血清中炎症因子前列腺素2(PGE2)、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF-α)、类胰蛋白酶的含量明显增加;与模型组比较,湖北青砖茶低剂量组、高剂量组能够显著升高痛阈值,而血清中炎症因子PGE2、TNF-α、类胰蛋白酶的含量显著降低,且具有剂量依赖性。由此表明湖北青砖茶可降低IBS-D模型大鼠的肠道敏感性,其作用机制可能与血清中PGE2、TNF-α和类胰蛋白酶含量的降低有关。     

γ-氨基丁酸对LPS介导的机体炎性反应影响的研究进展

γ-氨基丁酸（γ-aminobutyric acid，GABA）是哺乳动物体内一种重要的神经性抑制递质，主要分布在中枢神经系统，具有广泛的调控功能。GABA可通过下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺皮质（HPA）轴参与机体稳态的调节，并对外界有害刺激引起的机体炎性反应具有一定的缓解作用。机体在外界应激条件刺激下会引起血液中脂多糖（LPS）含量的升高并激活Toll样受体-4（TLR4）/NF-κB信号通路，引起肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）、白细胞介素-8（IL-8）等的表达增多，最终导致机体产生炎症反应。GABA可在机体发生炎症反应时，通过调节相应炎性因子的表达来降低炎症反应对机体造成的损伤。作者通过对GABA生理学功能与受体类别及GABA在机体发生炎性反应时的作用进行综述，对GABA在机体发生炎性反应时的影响及其与LPS引起的机体炎性反应之间的关系进行分析，为临床上采用GABA治疗机体炎性反应提供理论依据。