Bilateral Morgagni hernia in a donkey

This case report describes the clinical presentation and management of a donkey admitted with acute signs of abdominal pain that was diagnosed with a bilateral Morgagni hernia, a rare type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia. For more than 8 months before presentation, the donkey had been showing signs of recurrent mild abdominal pain that responded favourably to medical treatment. On admission, the donkey had mild tachycardia and tachypnoea. Radiography and ultrasound of the thorax and abdomen showed thoracic herniation of the large colon. Exploratory laparotomy was performed, and the sternal and diaphragmatic flexures of the large colon, as well as the left hepatic lobe, were found incarcerated in a bilateral Morgagni hernia. Intestine and liver were removed from the hernia, and the large colon was exteriorised. The defect in the diaphragm was repaired by stapling a polyester mesh circumferentially around the hernia ring and covering the mesh with an excised section of the greater omentum. No further complications and no recurrence of colic were observed during an 8-month follow-up period.     

Hiatal hernia with focal megaoesophagus in a Friesian stallion

Hiatal hernia with focal megaoesophagus was diagnosed in a 10-year-old Friesian stallion presenting to the referral hospital for further investigation of recurrent oesophageal obstruction. Oesophageal endoscopy revealed dilation of the distal oesophagus with alterations in the mucosa characteristic of gastric mucosa in the distal oesophagus. In addition, a moderate amount of feed material was identified in the distal oesophagus. Positive contrast radiography showed that approximately half of the stomach was herniated cranially through the diaphragm. Management of the disease included recommendations to elevate the patient’s torso during feeding and provide mash-only feeds. Provided that successful control of the megaoesophagus could be achieved, surgical repair of the hiatal hernia may be an option for the future. This is the first report of hiatal herniation in horses. We report the successful conservative management of a stallion with both megaoesophagus and hiatal herniation through elevated feedings and selective exercise management.     

猪腹股沟/阴囊疝易感位点定位及其候选基因研究进展

腹股沟/阴囊疝是猪最常见的遗传缺陷之一,每年给世界养猪业造成巨大的经济损失,其发病率一般在1.7%~6.7%,但在不同的品种和群体间有较大差异。已有研究表明,猪腹股沟/阴囊疝的发生主要受遗传因素影响,本文综述了猪腹股沟/阴囊疝疾病易感位点和相关侯选基因的研究进展,旨在为系统解析猪猪腹股沟/阴囊疝的分子遗传及病理机制提供参考,并对发展抗猪腹股沟/阴囊疝分子育种技术提出展望。     

Epidemiological and genetical studies in Norwegian pig herds. III. Herd effects

Herd differences in disease incidence in 70 Norwegian pig herds were assessed by health card registrations. Such differences proved to be considerable. The incidence of the MMA-syndrome, mastitis, metritis and neonatal diarrhoea was higher in herds producing only weaners ("weaner herds") than in herds with combined production. The mean disease incidence in herds providing breeding stock for the Norwegian Pig Breeders' Association ("breeding herds") was at the same level as in ordinary combined production herds. There was no consistent relationship between changes in disease incidence and herd size, though the incidence of the MMA-syndrome was lower in the largest herds.     

Surgical management of an enterocutaneous umbilical fistula caused by an incarcerated Richter's hernia in a one-year-old Quarter Horse filly

This article reports a case of a one-year-old Quarter Horse filly with an enterocutaneous fistula resulting from an umbilical hernia since birth, treated successfully by en bloc resection of the hernial sac with the fistula and closure of the ileum with a modified Heineke-Mikulicz technique. This consisted of closing the intestinal wound transversely to the long axis after excision of the fistula to help preserve a sufficient intestinal lumen and prevent potential stricture formation after longitudinal closure. Umbilical hernias are reported to have an incidence of 0.5–2.0% usually resolve spontaneously. Reducible hernias do not represent a surgical emergency whereas incarcerations should always undergo surgery as soon as possible. Enterocutaneous fistulae occur uncommonly as a result of congenital umbilical herniae that developed spontaneously into Richter's herniae or Littré herniae or they are induced traumatically or iatrogenically after therapeutic attempts. In most cases, enterocutaneous fistulae do not require immediate surgery. However, the excision of the fistula should be scheduled within a few days after diagnosis. In the current case, the owner reported a healthy development of the filly after 1 year without any functional problems. This case represents an example of successful use of the Heineke-Mikulicz technique to establish an alternative to standard end-to-end anastomosis.     

犊牛脐疝的诊断和治疗

[目的]探索犊牛脐疝的诊断与治疗方法。[方法]从临床特征、鉴别诊断、治疗措施等方面,总结出犊牛脐疝的诊断与治疗方法。[结果]犊牛脐疝的临床特征表现为局限性半球形肿胀;鉴别诊断较容易,但注意与脐部组织增生、淋巴外渗、蜂窝织炎、脓肿的区别;治疗措施可分为非手术疗法(保守疗法)和手术疗法。[结论]犊牛发生脐疝要及时治疗,该研究成果值得在兽医临床中推广应用。     

TRUE DIAPHRAGMATIC HERNIA IN A CAT

A report of a cat with a true diaphragmatic hernia in which only falciform fat had herniated is pressented. The lession was misinterpreted as a pulmonary mass. Additional radiographic studies which may have been of diagnostic benefit are briefly discussed.     

Epidemiological and genetical studies in Norwegian pig herds. II. Overall disease incidence and seasonal variation

The present epidemiological study is based on individual health records from 1984 to 1986 in 70 pig herds in the south-eastern part of Norway. For most of the recorded diseases, the incidence rate was less than 1% per farrowing. The majority of disease recordings concerned 6 frequently-occurring conditions; the MMA-syndrome, mastitis, metritis, neonatal diarhoea, arthritis and scrotal hernia. A seasonal effect on the incidence rate was shown for several diseases. The incidence rate for the MMA-syndrome of about 17.5% seems to be of the highest recorded for this disease in a population study.