Spontaneous well-differentiated pancreatic islet cell carcinoma with vascular invasion in a male F344 rat

This case report describes a case of spontaneous pancreatic islet cell carcinoma with vascular invasion in a 110-week-old male F344 rat. Histologically, a pancreatic nodule consisting of tumor cells and many blood-rich vessels, and covered with a fibrous capsule showed local invasion in the capsule and adjacent acinar tissues, encircling a large duct-like structure (DS). The tumor was composed of well-differentiated tumor cells resembling normal pancreatic islet cells, which had small round nuclei and eosinophilic cytoplasm. Mitotic figures were rare. Immunohistochemistry revealed that the tumor cells were positive for insulin. Although endothelial cells were not detected, the DS wall showed cells positive for α-smooth muscle actin and elastic fibers, suggesting that the DS is the pancreatic artery. This is a rare case of islet cell carcinoma consisting of well-differentiated tumor cells with invasion of the pancreatic artery in a rat.     

对虾皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒的精细结构、核酸、多肽及血清学研究

对纯化的对虾皮下及造血组织坏死杆状病毒（ＨＨＮＢＶ）进行了超微结构、紫外吸收、核酸类型及多肽ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ的研究。同时用单克隆抗体对ＨＨＮＢＶ的两分离株和ＭＢＶ进行了血清学比较研究。用ＴＭＶ作为内标定物测得病毒粒子大小为１５０ｎｍ×４５０ｎｍ，其衣壳为两个帽状物端夹１３圈螺旋对称的园柱体结构。病毒在２６０ｎｍ处吸光系数为０．１１７ｍｇ／ｍＬ／ＯＤ２６０。病毒核酸为双链ＤＮＡ，分子量大于３５×１０６ｄ。病毒囊膜有１２种主要多肽。病毒衣壳有两种主要多肽。从寿光（ＨＨＮＢＶ—９３７）和青岛（ＨＨＮＢＶ—９３８）分离到的病毒种在ＳＤＳ—ＰＡＧＥ和抗ＨＨＮＢＶ—９３７单抗ＥＬＩＳＡ反应上没有显著差异。ＨＨＮＢＶ与斑节对虾杆状病毒（ＭＢＶ）在抗原决定簇上存在差别。     

传染性造血器官坏死病毒-Sn1203株的基因型及糖蛋白的生物信息学分析

利用鲤(Cyprinus carpio)上皮细胞(epitheliaoma papulosum cyprini, EPC)培养传染性造血器官坏死病毒- Sn1203分离株(IHNV-Sn1203), 根据GenBank中IHNV G蛋白基因开放阅读框(open reading frame, ORF)的序列设计引物(GenBank序列编号AB288207), 采用RT-PCR的方法克隆得到IHNV-Sn1203株G蛋白全长ORF, 克隆至表达载体pET27b(+)中, 构建了pET27-G重组质粒, 并进行了测序分析。生物信息学分析结果显示, IHNV-Sn1203株G蛋白基因序列长度为1 527 bp, 与韩国株具有最高的核酸同源性(96.86%)和氨基酸同源性(97.05%)。该基因编码508个氨基酸残基, 推导分子量约为56.55 kD, 等电点为6.15; 氨基酸序列分析表明, G蛋白富含丝氨酸、苏氨酸和酪氨酸, 存在28个潜在的磷酸化位点; 存在4个潜在的N-糖基化位点和7个潜在的O-糖基化位点; G蛋白N端含有20个氨基酸的信号肽; 亲水性大于输水性; 位于483~508位氨基酸存在一跨膜区; 抗原表位预测显示抗原性良好; 系统进化树分析显示, IHNV-Sn1203株与日本株和韩国株聚为一簇, 都属于JRt基因型。

     

大头鳕TNFSF6基因的结构分析及其在发育早期和病毒暴发时的表达水平

为揭示大头鳕TNFSF6基因的基本结构与功能及其在大头鳕发育和神经坏死病毒(Pacific cod nervous necrosis virus, PCNNV)暴发时的响应机制,本研究通过基因克隆获得TNFSF6 cDNA开放阅读框序列,并对序列进行生物信息学分析,运用相对荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)方法对TNFSF6在不同组织、孵化后不同日龄仔鱼和PCNNV感染前后仔稚鱼中的表达水平进行检测。结果显示,大头鳕TNFSF6 cDNA长1 388 bp,5′UTR占315bp,3′UTR占500 bp,ORF全长573 bp,编码190个氨基酸。qRT-PCR结果显示,TNFSF6在各组织均有表达,但在脾脏和鳃组织中的表达量较高;大头鳕孵化后15、20、37和40 d TNFSF6基因的转录水平分别是其在5 d转录水平的0.28、0.15、0.12和0.13倍。在24 d和46 d PCNNV暴发时,病鱼TNFSF6基因的转录水平高于对照组;在77 d PCNNV暴发时,病鱼TNFSF6转录水平则显著低于对照组。研究表明,TNFSF6基因在大头鳕发育早期和仔鱼暴发PCNNV时发挥了重要的作用。     

The Effects of Freshwater Clam (Corbicula fluminea) Extract on Serum Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha (TNF-α) in Prediabetic Patients in Taiwan

Freshwater clam extract (FCE) is a functional food that regulates the immune system and has been demonstrated in numerous studies to display desirable anti–tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) responses. In addition, excess TNF-α production is positively associated with type 2 diabetes. However, few longitudinal clinical studies evaluating the efficiency and toxicity of FCE are available. This article reports that patients with prediabetes who received FCE had a desirable outcome of a reduction in serum TNF-α for a long period. This was a double-blind, randomized, parallel clinical trial conducted using FCE intervention and placebo groups, and 36 patients with prediabetes were enrolled. Two grams of FCE or placebo was consumed daily for 180 consecutive days. The serum of the participants was collected at four time points (0M: before the intervention; 3M: after 3 months of intervention; 6M: after 6 months of intervention; 12M: 6 months after cessation of intervention at 6M). A serum TNF-α concentration higher than 4.05 pg/mL was defined as a cut-off value. FCE reduced serum TNF-α in all participants at 6M and 12M. Moreover, FCE significantly suppressed serum TNF-α concentrations at 6M and 12M and inhibited TNF-α release with time series in subjects with elevated TNF-α values. FCE intervention effectively reduced serum TNF-α and persistently sustained the effects for half a year in patients with prediabetes. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GS-MS) analysis revealed that the major components of FCE were phytosterols and fatty acids, which exerted anti-inflammatory and anti-TNF-α abilities. Hence, FCE has the potential to be developed as a natural treatment for prediabetic patients in Taiwan.     

大弹涂鱼血细胞发生的研究

通过对大鲜涂鱼血液、肾脏、脾脏组织涂片的观察，发现其肾脏、脾脏内白细胞的发育大致经过了3个阶段，即原始阶段、幼稚阶段、成熟阶段。造血母细胞从造血器官释放入外周血中有一成熟过程。着重描述了大弹涂鱼的红细胞、嗜中性粒细胞、淋巴细胞和单核细胞发生过程中各阶段细胞的形态特征。     

73例桥小脑角区巨大肿瘤的诊治分析

目的：总结桥小脑角区巨大肿瘤的诊治经验。方法：对我科73例桥小脑角区巨大肿瘤的发病率、临床和影像学表现、定位与定性诊断、手术治疗及随访期心理治疗等作分析。结果：本组73例桥小脑角巨大肿瘤(均≥4cm)中，属神经鞘瘤50例(68．5％)、脑膜瘤19例(26．0％)与胆脂瘤4例(5．5％)。临床特点：73例均有所神经、小脑损害的症状与体征及颅内高压征。73例中手术全切除者60例、次全切除l3例(其中10例残留肿瘤，结合枷码刀治疗)。全切除组中2例死于肺部感染，次全切除组中3例放弃治疗，余者随访3—5a，无复发。在颅神经损伤所致并发症的56例中，出现心身疾病须心理治疗者40例(71．4％)。结论：临床特点结合影像学检查可作出早期定位与定性诊断．并有助于手术设计。提高疗效的关键是早诊断、早治疗以及娴熟的显微操作技术。手术结合枷码刀以及心理治疗可改善预后、提高生存质量。     

Skp2基因的研究进展

Skp2被称为S期激酶相关蛋白,属于F-box蛋白家族成员,在蛋白泛素化降解过程中可作为SCFSkp2复合物的重要成分起识别底物蛋白的作用,主要通过降解细胞周期调节蛋白介导细胞周期调控和细胞增殖.为更全面地了解Skp2的研究进展及开展其在动物科学与医学领域的研究,从Skp2基因的结构、功能、与人类肿瘤致病机理、转录调控和启动子方面的关系进行了综述.     

仿刺参肠多糖提取物对小鼠实体瘤的抑制作用

采用碱解、酶解和醇沉淀法提取仿刺参Apostichopusjaponicus肠组织中的粗多糖（简称肠多糖）,通过构建小鼠I-122肝癌实体瘤模型,采用腹腔给药途径,研究了不同剂量的肠多糖[200、100、50mg／（kg·d）]对小鼠实体瘤的抑制作用,并测定了小鼠的脾脏指数、胸腺指数以及血清中肿瘤坏死因子（TNF—α）和白细胞介索2（IL-2）的含量。结果表明：肠多糖对患H22肝癌小鼠的实体瘤具有显著的抑制作用,肠多糖高剂量组小鼠的瘤质量与肿瘤对照组差异极显著（P〈0．01）,肠多糖中、低剂量组的瘤质量与肿瘤对照组差异显著（P〈0．05）,肠多糖高、中、低剂量的抑瘤率分别为90．1％、85．2％和71．7％;各肠多糖组小鼠的脾脏指数与肿瘤对照组均无显著差异（P〉0．05）,但随着肠多糖剂量的上升,小鼠的脾脏指数也上升;各肠多糖组小鼠的胸腺指数均高于肿瘤对照组,除肠多糖低剂量组外其余各组均与肿瘤对照组差异显著（P〈0．05）;肠多糖高剂量组小鼠血清中的IL-2含量极显著高于3个对照组（P〈0．01）,而肠多糖中、低剂量组血清中的IL-2含量与肿瘤对照组、给药健康对照组均无显著差异（P〉0．05）;肠多糖高、中、低剂量组小鼠血清中的TNF—α含量与3个对照组均无显著差异（P〉0．05）。     

端粒和端粒酶的结构与功能及其应用

端粒是构成真核生物线状染色体末端重要的DNA-蛋白质复合结构,DNA由简单的串联重复序列组成．它的合成由一个特殊的具有反转录活性的核糖核蛋白端粒酶完成．端粒对染色体、整个生物基因组,甚至对细胞的稳定都具有重要意义．端粒酶是由RNA模板和蛋白亚基组成的核蛋白颗粒．它解决染色体的末端问题,归属于逆转录酶家族又和逆转录酶有一定的差别．端粒酶的过度表达和细胞的永生化和癌变直接相关．端粒酶的结构和功能决定了它在肿瘤与癌症治疗等方面具有广泛的应用前景．