HACCP在热灌装饮料生产中的应用

简要介绍了HACCP体系的主要内容,并将其应用于热灌装绿茶饮料的生产过程当中,从品管的角度分析产品的危害因素,确定了关键控制点。通过HACCP体系在热灌装绿茶饮料中的应用,可有效控制热灌装绿茶饮料的质量,提高产品的安全性,同时也可以提高全员素质。     

基于GIS的仙游县土地利用与滑坡灾害敏感性分析

利用滑坡灾害敏感性系数(SCi)及确定性系数(CF)对不同土地利用类型的滑坡灾害综合敏感性进行分析.结果表明:2种系数反映的土地利用对滑坡灾害的敏感程度基本一致,但不同的土地利用类型对滑坡灾害发生的敏感性强弱不同,其中以居民点及独立工矿用地对滑坡灾害的发生最敏感,其次为园地、耕地、牧草地及林地.而敏感性较低的为其它农用地、水利设施用地和未利用地,交通运输用地在一定的缓冲带范围内对滑坡有明显的影响.     

大同市区主要蔬菜生产基地环境质量评价分级

对山西省大同市区主要蔬菜生产基地进行环境质量评价及其分级结果表明,该区主要蔬菜生产基地环境质量总体优良,完全满足目前国家所规定的无公害蔬菜或绿色食品产地环境质量的要求。     

城市社区消防安全宣传的作用与要点

消防工作的方针是＂预防为主、防消结合＂。消防宣传教育,直接关系到民生及社会和谐与安定,是消防工作的重要组织部分和重要内容。随着城市化发展,社区消防安全宣传教育的重要性凸显。做好社区消防安全宣传教育工作,须抓住三要点：一是对消防法规要多形式宣传普及、多措施贯彻实施;二是提高社区物业管理水平,使物业公司认真履行消防安全职责;三是提高社区居民消防安全意识与防火消灾自救技能。     

增强HACCP计划的可信可视溯源应用研究

为提升水产品危害分析及关键控制点(Hazard analysis and critical control points, HACCP)体系国家标准在保障质量溯源方面的数据可信、可读,以国家标准中的巴氏杀菌蟹肉HACCP计划为例,结合语义建模和区块链技术,提出了巴氏杀菌蟹肉增强HACCP计划可信可视溯源模型(Enhanced HACCP credibility and visualization traceability model, EHCVTM)。该模型结合国家标准对巴氏杀菌蟹肉HACCP计划进行语义理解,构建巴氏杀菌蟹肉HACCP计划质量安全数据体系(HACCP quality and safety data system, HQSDS)并设计知识表示。为所得的增强HACCP计划的执行数据设计合理的数据存储结构、智能合约,实现“有风险上链,无风险自治”、“高风险直接上链,低风险加密上链”的数据分级存储管理模式。然后借助图数据库实现不同需求的可视化展示。最终实现了基于EHCVTM的HACCP质量溯源应用原型并进行测试。结果表明,基于此模型的应用保障了质量溯源风险数据的可信度,提高了...     

Multivariate analysis of toxicological and environmental properties of soil nematicides

BACKGROUND: In intensive agriculture, the use of pesticides and soil fumigants is necessary to produce economically viable crops worldwide. However, this practice may involve undesirable effects on human health and the environment. In 1995, methyl bromide was restricted by the Montreal Protocol because of possible ozone depletion. The objective of this study was to compare intrinsic environmental and toxicological properties of 11 active substances with nematicidal properties, some of them recognized as methyl bromide alternatives. RESULTS: Four groups of active substances were discriminated by a series of principal component analyses (PCAs): (a) high toxicity to non-target fauna, humans and animals and medium persistence in the environment (cadusafos, ethoprophos and fenamiphos); (b) high toxicity to humans, animals and non-target fauna and high persistence (carbofuran and fosthiazate); (c) low toxicity to non-target fauna, humans and animals and low persistence (carbosulfan, benfuracarb and oxamyl); (d) low toxicity to humans, animals and non-target fauna and medium persistence in the environment (1,3-dichloropropene, chloropicrin and methyl bromide). CONCLUSION: Evaluating the multiple aspects of toxicological and environmental properties of active substances through PCA is proposed as a helpful tool for initially comparing the complex toxicological behaviour of active substances as plant protection products.     

Hazard tree liability in the United States: Uncertain risks for owners and professionals

The liability United States (U.S.) tree owners face from hazardous trees on their private properties has and continues to undergo a transformation. The traditional common law legal test focused upon whether a tree owner had acted to create a hazardous condition on the property. The modern trend is towards a test that imposes greater responsibility and greater uncertainty on tree owners and arborists. Abandoning the natural/artificial distinction, the modern test, adopted in half the U.S. jurisdictions, imposes general principles of negligence on tree owners. This paper discusses the U.S. legal context for hazardous trees, particularly the impacts on individual tree owners. It closes by addressing various practical means to minimize the risks associated with the modern legal standards, both for susceptible tree owners, and for professionals assessing the subject property.     

无公害、绿色及有机畜牧业生产构架与生态营养调控研究

阐述了无公害、绿色及有机畜牧业三者间的异同,无公害、绿色及有机畜牧业生产构架与生态营养调控的途径,并探讨了三者在我国的发展趋势及不同地域的策略选择,指出现阶段应以无公害畜牧业生产为主,以绿色和有机畜牧业生产为辅;随其技术的成熟应逐步扩大绿色及有机畜牧业所占比重;西部无污染地区和东南沿海地区应以绿色及有机畜牧业发展为主,而广大农区应以无公害畜牧业生产为主。     

Biological tools for the assessment of contaminated land: applied soil ecotoxicology

Abstract. Chemical analysis alone is inadequate for comprehensively assessing the impact of soil pollution on biota. The term bioavailability can only be applied in a context specific to a target biological receptor or a proven chemical surrogate. Integration of biological and chemical data can often yield significant advances in hazard assessment and act as a suitable baseline for making site-specific risk assessments. Here, the value of biological techniques is discussed and their application described. The relative merit of test selection is considered and the new direction being developed in sublethal assessments. Currently, however, one of the major limitations is the seeming lack of flexibility of many assays in that they are either applicable to agricultural systems or industrial scenarios, but rarely to both. As a consequence, few assays have internationally adopted protocols. The introduction of new methods and the continued improvement and refinement of assays make this area of soil science dynamic and responsive.     

改进模糊层次分析法确定地质灾害危险性评价指标权重的研究

鉴于地质灾害危险性评价中现有确定指标权重的方法存在的诸多不足,根据多目标决策理论和层次分析法基本原理,提出改进模糊层次分析法确定地质灾害危险性评价指标权重的应用模型,使之求得的评价指标权重更为合理。并在此基础上,以浙江省青田县地质灾害危险性评价为例,验证了该方法的可行性和优越性。