短肢剪力墙设计在新高规中的变化

根据实际设计经验,简单阐述2010年版高规的短肢剪力墙在高层建筑结构设计中的注意事项以及相对2002年版高规的不同。2010年版高规规定不论是否短肢剪力墙多少,所有短肢剪力墙都要按短肢剪力墙设计。对普通剪力墙结构而言,2010年版高规更明确、适用,安全。     

浅谈额济纳旗狼心山水利枢纽工程的利弊

由于全球气候变化而导致的气候干旱正严重影响着我国的西部地区,黑河流域上游过度的农业开发和城市用水的快速增加,导致下游的额济纳绿洲干旱缺水严重,为了解决这个问题,修建了狼心山水利枢纽工程。此工程虽然部分的解决了干旱缺水的问题、但也存在着弊端。如何解决这一工程缺陷,是今后研究的问题,文章提出了解决的方法供参考。     

胚轴切断法诱导棉花抗棉铃虫及其生化机制研究

诱导抗虫棉株对棉铃虫营养代谢功能的影响表明,胚轴切断法结合假单胞杆菌（Ｄ－２２５１）诱导处理的棉株可使棉铃虫相对生长率（ＲＧＲ）、相对取食量（ＲＣＲ）和近似消化率（ＡＤ）明显降低,分别降低２２．９５％、２６．１２％和２７．２３％,仅用胚轴切断法处理的棉株可使ＧＲＧ、ＲＣＲ和ＡＤ分别降低１７．２５％、２１．４４％和４．０９％。对诱导处理棉株体内植物多元酚和抗虫萜烯类的测定结果表明,经过胚轴切断法后,     

Developmental changes in pituitary–thyroid axis, and formation of gonads in leptocephali and glass eels of Anguilla spp.

SUMMARY: Pituitary, thyroid gland and gonads in leptocephali of Japanese eel Anguilla japonica (19.8–32.6 mm in total length), A. obscura (45.0 mm), and A. bicolor pacifica (49.5 mm) and those in glass eels of the Japanese eel were histologically and immunohistochemically examined in order to observe the developmental changes of these endocrine organs in the Anguillidae. The pituitary, consisting of adenohypophysis and neurohypophysis in Japanese eel leptocephali over 22.5 mm, did not contain thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) immunoreactive cells. Such cells were, however, detectable in the more developed pituitaries of leptocephali of A. obscura and A. bicolor pacifica and in those of glass eels. Conversely, thyroxine (T₄)-immunoreactive thyroid follicles could be detected in all specimens, both leptocephalic and glass eel. Only in glass eels, gonads were found in the body cavity, and these gonads harbored one or two primordial germ cells (PGC) per cross-section. Our results indicate that thyroid hormones (TH) production started prior to TSH production, and that TSH and TH are both secreted during the metamorphosis from leptocephalus to glass eel. Therefore, it is plausible that the TSH–TH axis is involved in the metamorphosis from leptocephalus to glass eel, but not in the early growth from preleptocephalus to leptocephalus.     

Role of Testa, Cotyledons and Embryonic Axis in Seed Dormancy of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

Experiments were carried out during winter–summer (January–June) season to understand the role of seed testa, cotyledons and embryonic axis in imparting dormancy of some groundnut cultivars belonging to different habit groups. Crop was harvested at four maturity stages; 90, 100, 110 and 121 days after emergence (DAE). After drying the pods in shade for 2 days, the germination of seeds with (GST) and without (GSW) testa in rolled germination towels and seeds, and embryonic axes (GEM) in culture media from individual plants of a cultivar was studied. Seed testa played an important role in imparting dormancy followed by the cotyledons, and embryonic axis. However, the nature of dormancy of embryonic axis appeared to be different from that of the testa and cotyledons. Results suggested that the dormancy in groundnut is regulated mainly by testa (a maternal tissue) in the Spanish type, but by cotyledons, and embryonic axis (both zygotic tissue) as well as testa in Virginia types. Thus the genetic control of seed dormancy in groundnut appears to be quantitative in nature.     

石家庄市第二十二中学庭院景观设计

本设计以一中学校园的中庭为设计对象,运用园林设计的一些基本理论和手法,对该中学庭院园林景观进行了整体构思及景点详细设计,体现了因地制宜,适地造景的设计理念,设计中突破了以往传统的思维模式,在景观轴的处理及各种水景之间的连续与衔接方面进行了一些大胆的尝试,结合适当的植物配置,创造出了具有一定特色的校园园林景观.     

提高减速箱中橡胶油封-金属转轴密封性能的方法

减速箱橡胶油封漏油是一个尚未解决的一个棘手问题 .从摩擦学的角度分析 ,漏油的原因主要是油封与转轴接触部位不符合摩擦学的要求 ,造成此处的摩擦系数过高 ,油封磨损过快 .介绍了几种降低橡胶油封与转轴之间摩擦系数的方法     

基于C语言的结构用集成材木梁抗弯刚度模型研究

基于平行轴定理,采用变换截面法建立结构用集成材木梁的抗弯刚度C语言可执行程序模型,并通过足尺木梁的抗弯力学性能试验验证模型的有效性。本试验根据木材抗弯弹性模量测定方法国家标准（GB/T 1936.2—2009）中的相关要求,测定层板木材的抗弯弹性模量并将其导入C语言程序模型,得到梁体抗弯刚度的模型理论值。依据结构用集成材国家标准（GB/T 26899—2011）对木梁进行四点抗弯测试并实时采集梁体跨中挠度、荷载数据,得到梁体抗弯刚度的实测值。对比梁体抗弯刚度的模型理论值与实测值,得出其平均相对误差率为3.89%。结构用集成材木梁抗弯刚度模型的建立应充分考虑梁体自身的构造缺陷,以综合层板的力学性能变异性及尺寸效应等影响因素,合理引入修正系数,提高模型的准确度与适用性。     

甘加型藏羊发情周期下丘脑-垂体-卵巢轴中ERβ mRNA及其蛋白的表达

为阐明甘加型藏羊(Ovis arise)发情周期下丘脑-垂体-卵巢(hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis, HPO)轴中雌激素受体β(estrogen receptor β,ERβ)mRNA和蛋白的表达及分布,本试验选取健康且在发情周期内的甘加型藏羊32只,运用qRT-PCR、Western blot 技术和免疫组织化学染色法检测甘加型藏羊发情周期ERβ mRNA及蛋白在HPO轴中的表达和分布差异。结果显示,甘加型藏羊整个发情周期(发情前期、发情期、发情后期及间情期)ERβ mRNA及其蛋白在HPO轴中均有表达和分布。下丘脑中ERβ mRNA及其蛋白在下丘脑中发情前期表达最多,显著高于其他3个时期(P<0.05);垂体中ERβ mRNA及蛋白均在发情前期表达最高,与其他3个时期差异显著(P<0.05);在卵巢中间情期表达最高,显著高于其他3个时期(P<0.05)。免疫组织化学染色结果显示,ERβ阳性表达主要分布在下丘脑大神经元胞体和轴突中;在垂体中多分布在远侧部及中间部嗜酸性细胞胞浆中,胞核中分布较少;在卵巢中,生长卵泡颗粒细胞胞浆和胞核、卵泡内膜细胞及黄体细胞胞浆中均有分布。ERβ mRNA及其蛋白在甘加型藏羊发情周期HPO轴的差异性表达表明雌激素受体β参与调节甘加型藏羊的生殖生理活动。     

Molecular cloning of the cDNA encoding the β subunit of thyrotropin and regulation of its gene expression by thyroid hormones in the goldfish, Carassius auratus

A cDNA encoding the subunit of thyrotropin (TSH) was isolated from a goldfish (Carassius auratus) pituitary gland cDNA library. By comparing the sequence with other teleost TSHs, a signal peptide of 19 amino acids and a mature hormone of 131 amino acids were predicted for goldfish TSH subunits. The resulting putative mature hormone of 131 amino acids had well-conserved cysteine positions and a putative N-linked glycosylation site; homology was 51–67% with TSHs from other teleosts, 38–43% with tetrapod TSHs, but only 27 and 29% with goldfish GTH-I and -II, respectively. We also examined the effects of thyroid hormones (TH) and thiourea (TU, an inhibitor of TH production) treatments on TSH and GTH subunit gene expressions in the goldfish pituitary gland. After thyroxine (T₄) treatment, circulating T₄ concentration increased and TSH mRNA level decreased. Supressing the amount of circulating T₄ and triiodothyronine (T₃) by TU treatment increased the TSH mRNA level. Moreover, T₄ replacement therapy (simultaneous treatment of both TU and T₄) caused a high level of circulating T₄ and a low level of circulating T₃, and a decrease in the TSH mRNA level. Thus, changing levels of circulating TH exert a negative feedback on the level of TSH subunit mRNA in goldfish in vivo. On the other hand, GTH subunit mRNA levels were not affected by changes in the levels of circulating TH.