提高板坯预压效果的研究

为提高板坯预压效果，对ＵＦ树脂的制法和调胶进行了改进，试验结果表明，在ＵＦ树脂制造时加入氨基磺酸，调胶时加入保水剂，可使树脂水溶性增加，贮存期延长，胶液活性期长，并可防止干燥胶合现象。胶粘剂的预压效果好，所压制的胶合板质量符合ＧＢ９８４６．１－９８４６．１２－８８Ⅱ类胶合板标准，ＵＦ树脂成本不增加。     

食用胶在西式火腿的应用效果比较

探讨食用胶在西式火腿中的应用。采用正交试验研究不同食用胶在西式火腿的应用效果,同时采用单纯形格子试验研究复配胶在西式火腿的应用效果。结果表明,当以单一的食用胶添加在西式火腿时,使用卡拉胶且以粉状的方式添加以及添加量为0.3%时的效果为最佳;当加入卡拉胶为50%～60%和魔芋胶为40%～60%的复配胶时,效果更佳。     

班皮桉及其近邻树种CCR基因分子变异分析

选取伞房属班皮桉及其近邻树种共5部类16个样本提取基因组DNA,用2对引物进行PCR扩增,采用凝胶直接纯化,改进测序反应后测序.以Eucalyptus gunniiCCR作对照,通过ClustalW进行比对分析序列变异和MEGA 3进行系统进化分析.结果显示:在所得到的伞房属16个样本CCR序列中,A,C,G和T 4种核苷酸所占比例分别为24.92%,23.18%,23.22%和28.67%,A T含量明显高于G C.共发现292个变异位点,占分析位点总数的9.71%,变异除118个转换和97个颠换外,有93个位点的插入/缺失,其中简约信息位点185个,占63.36%.部分变异位点重叠.转换与颠换比值为1.22∶1.00.CCR系统发育树显示:E.gunnii是一个单独分枝,5部类亲缘可以分辨开来,Rufaria尤其明显.Rufaria最早产生分歧,其次是Ochraria和Cadagaria,Blakearia分歧属最迟进化.     

亚麻胶的研究

亚麻种子的种皮占种子干重的４５％左右，且种皮的５５％是胶质，约占干种子的２５％左右，这种胶属酸性粘胶，简称亚麻胶。该胶可用水、碱、酸提取，提取量与水解温度和时间有关，胶的酯化度和甲氧基含量与提取温度有关。     

Evaluating simultaneous impacts of three anthropogenic effects on a floodplain-dwelling marsupial Antechinus flavipes

Regulation of river flows has altered floodplain ecosystems around the world. Floods are less frequent, which leads to reduction of favourable environmental conditions for many terrestrial and aquatic organisms adapted to natural flooding regimes. In Australia, the Murray River floodplains have been subjected to decline in inundations, to extensive logging and to removal of fallen timber. The yellow-footed antechinus (Antechinus flavipes) is the only small, native, ground-dwelling/semi-arboreal mammal on most floodplains of south-eastern Australia, yet the effects of floods on its population dynamics largely are unknown. Here, we found positive effects of proximity to flooding, higher woodloads and of abundance of large, hollow-bearing trees on antechinus numbers. Mean trapping rates of antechinuses were lowest in 2003 following a 3-year period with no inundation, higher in 2004 following the first breeding season during a small, controlled flood in 2003, and higher again in 2005, following a small, controlled flood in 2004. In 2004 and 2005, trapping rates declined with distance from floodwaters. This study provides evidence for the benefits of using management flows to inundate floodplains, conserving large trees and ensuring high woodloads in floodplains for sustaining populations of the yellow-footed antechinus.     

Changes in a remnant of salmon gum Eucalyptus salmonophloia and York gum E. loxophleba woodland, 1978 to 1997. Implications for woodland conservation in the wheat-sheep regions of Australia

The condition of salmon gums Eucalyptus salmonophloia with large hollows in them in a 15-ha patch of remnant salmon gum-York gum E. loxophleba woodland in the northern wheatbelt of Western Australia was examined in 1978. The patch was an important breeding area for six species of cockatoo, including two endangered species. The patch was revisited in 1981 when the condition of all 682 salmon gums and York gums in the patch was examined and each was measured and photographed. A further visit was made in 1997 when the condition of the surviving trees was examined and each was again measured and photographed. The condition of the trees at each visit was classified as “good”, “staghorn”, “broken top”, “dead” or “fallen.” Over the period of the study there was a serious decline in the condition of the trees, with few large trees in the “good” category by 1997. The decline was particularly marked between 1978 and 1981 after a period of well-below average annual rainfall. Using data based on the rate of decline over the period 1978-1997, predictions were made of the fate of the trees in the patch. By 2125 only 46 (11% of the 1981 total) salmon gums were predicted to be alive with only one in the “good” category. Only 16 (17%) York gums were predicted to be alive by 2125, with only one in the “good” category. There was no evidence of any regeneration of woodland trees since 1929 when the patch was isolated by clearing for agriculture, and domestic livestock allowed to graze the patch. This deterioration of the dominant trees in the patch is symptomatic of remnant native vegetation over vast areas of Australia's extensively cleared wheat-sheep regions. The future of woodland patches like the one studied is bleak, as is the future of animals dependent on them for food, breeding sites and shelter. Active management, including fencing to exclude domestic livestock and measures to encourage regeneration of native plant communities, is necessary to counter the present regime of benign neglect that characterises most of Australia's management of native vegetation in agricultural landscapes.     

桉树容器快速育苗试验

桉树采用营养土容器育苗,能缩短苗期管理时间,减少苗期地下病虫危害,自播种后60～70d即可造林,并能提高造林成活率。     

魔芋胶对猪肉肌原纤维蛋白凝胶特性和保水特性的调控机制:基于相分离行为和水相稳定

【目的】研究魔芋胶对猪肉肌原纤维蛋白微观结构和相分离结构的影响,进而阐释魔芋胶对肌原纤维蛋白凝胶特性和保水特性的调控机制,为魔芋胶在低脂香肠中的应用提供理论支撑。【方法】试验以添加不同比例魔芋胶-肌原纤维蛋白为模拟体系,测定模拟体系的质构和发生断裂形变时的应力应变、复合凝胶的水分分布和持水力,观察魔芋胶和肌原纤维蛋白的相分离行为以及肌原纤维蛋白凝胶网络的微观结构。【结果】当魔芋胶的添加比例<0.8%时,随着添加比例的提高,复合蛋白凝胶的凝胶强度、储能模量终值和发生断裂形变时的应力分别显著提高到179.21 g、1 192 Pa和9 139.37 Pa(P<0.05)。当魔芋胶添加比例≥0.8%时,随着添加比例的提高,复合蛋白凝胶的凝胶强度、储能模量、断裂形变时的应力和应变分别显著降至83.03 g、566 Pa、4 964.07 Pa和0.64(P<0.05)。低场核磁结果显示在魔芋胶添加比例<0.8%时,复合凝胶体系不易流动水的弛豫时间和自由水所占百分比随添加比例的提高显著降低（P<0.05）,而不易流动水所占百分比显著提高（P<0.05）,同时复...     

Exploiting a readily available but hard to digest resource: A review of exudativorous mammals identified thus far and how they cope in captivity

Gum is a widely available carbohydrate, composed mainly of non‐digestible structural carbohydrates. No mammalian enzymes can digest gum; therefore, a mammal ingesting gum must rely on microbial fermentation to access the energy it possesses. Gums are relatively nutrient poor. Despite this, some mammals have evolved to exploit this food resource. We aim to review the literature for all mammal species which have been recorded to ingest gum, whether quantified or not, and discuss this in the context of their evolutionary adaptations. We also investigated the recommended captive diets for these species to look at whether gum is recommended. We conducted a literature search on ISI Web of Knowledge to tabulate all mammal species observed ingesting gum and classified them as obligate, facultative or opportunistic feeders. We encountered 94 mammal species that eat gum in the wild (27 obligate feeders, 34 facultative feeders and 33 opportunistic feeders). Obligate feeders have entirely evolved to exploit this resource but were found to not be given gum in captivity, which may explain why they are failing to thrive, as opposed to facultative feeders, which have fewer issues. Gum may be necessary for the health of obligate feeders in captivity. Future research should focus on the physiological effects that gum ingestion poses on different digestive systems.