应用PCR/RFLP技术对广西禽白血病病毒的检测与分型研究

对2000～2003年间从广西的南宁、玉林、桂林、钦州、柳州、梧州等地采集的有肿瘤/可疑肿瘤的250份鸡病例进行肿瘤病的检测.结果发现,外源性禽白血病阳性的有32份,阳性率为12.8%.其中,同时为马立克氏病阳性的有30份,两者共感染率高达93.75%(30/32);根据禽白血病病毒囊膜糖蛋白gp85基因的限制性片段长度多态性分析,对其中20份外源性禽白血病病毒进行分型鉴定,结果证实全部属于A亚群.     

Construction of short hairpin RNA lentiviral vector targeting MAG gene and its silencing effect on MAG gene

AIM：To construct lentiviral vector-based short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) gene and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on the expression of MAG gene. METHODS：Three shRNA fragments targeting MAG gene (shRNA1, shRNA2 and shRNA3) were designed and cloned into lentiviral vector pWPI. The three recombinant plasmids were identified by enzyme digestion and sequencing. Positive plasmids were co-transfected with pCDNA3-MAG-FLAG into 293T cells, and the most effective shRNA for knockdown of MAG gene was screened by Western blotting. Cells transfected with empty pWPI served as a control. Oligodendrocytes were infected with recombinant lentivirus that was produced by 293T packaging cells co-transfected with the most effective shRNA, pAX2 and pMD2G. After 48 h, the expression of MAG protein was measured by Western blotting. RESULTS：The MAG shRNA lentiviral vectors were confirmed by double enzyme digestion and sequencing, and shRNA2 showed the highest inhibitory efficacy among the three shRNA fragments. Recombinant lentivirus carrying shRNA-2 markedly decreased the expression of MAG protein in oligodendrocytes. CONCLUSION：Lentiviral vector-based shRNA targeting MAG gene specifically knocks down the gene expression, which provides a useful tool for investigating the role of MAG-specific shRNA in regulating myelination of central nerve system.     

不同H9N2亚型禽流感病毒分离株致病力研究及HA抗原性变异分析

 【目的】了解近年来中国H9N2亚型禽流感病毒毒力变化和抗原性变异的特点,【方法】对分离于1998—2008年间的25株H9N2亚型禽流感病毒分离株进行了EID50、ELD50、MDT、ICPI、IVPI和8周龄SPF鸡人工感染排毒试验,测定了部分分离株与抗H9N2亚型禽流感病毒Hp参考株HA蛋白单抗2A4和F6的血凝抑制（HI）和中和反应特性,对具有不同反应特性分离株的HA基因进行了序列分析。【结果】不同分离株呈现致病力差异,具多态性特征,3#、12#和14#分离株致病力偏强,能引起部分SPF鸡发病和死亡,人工感染8周龄SPF鸡排毒时间更早,排毒期更长。3#和12#分离株与单抗2A4和F6呈现特殊的反应特性,单抗不能抑制3#和12#的血凝特性,也不能中和病毒感染CEF细胞。HA蛋白氨基酸序列分析表明,3#和12#分离株145位氨基酸发生漂变（S→N）,导致与单抗的血凝抑制反应特性丢失,说明该位点（S145）为H9N2亚型禽流感病毒HA蛋白的一个抗原表位,是血凝抑制抗体结合位点。S145N的漂变导致在145—147位氨基酸多出一个糖基化位点NGT,可能是分离株毒力增强的原因。【结论】本研究结果表明,H9N2亚型禽流感病毒呈现变异趋势,出现了有致病力和抗原性变异流行毒株。S145为H9N2亚型禽流感病毒HA蛋白的一个抗原表位,但有该位点漂变导致的抗原变异毒株出现,并可逃避免疫作用,对该病的防控提出了新的挑战。     

超声波法提取河蚬糖蛋白

研究了超声波辅助法提取河蚬糖蛋白的工艺,以超声功率、提取时间、料液比、NaCl溶液浓度为考察因素,并采用正交实验设计L16(45)对河蚬糖蛋白的提取工艺进行优化设计。结果表明,超声波法提取河蚬糖蛋白的最佳条件:NaCl的浓度为0.2 mol/L,料液比为1∶20,超声时间25 min,超声功率1 200 W,河蚬糖蛋白的提取率为0.446 7%。NaCl溶液浓度和料液比对提取河蚬糖蛋白的影响分别为差异极显著和差异显著。超声波辅助提取河蚬糖蛋白可以降低能耗,缩短提取时间,糖蛋白提取率较高,因此可以作为提取河蚬糖蛋白的方法。     

鲤春病毒血症病毒Shlj1株糖蛋白空间结构及其B细胞抗原表位的预测

为预测鲤春病毒血症病毒(Spring Viremia of Carp Virus,SVCV)Shlj1株糖蛋白(Glycoprotein,G)的空间结构及B细胞抗原表位,采用RT-PCR法从接种SVCV的鲤上皮细胞悬液提取的病毒总RNA中扩增糖蛋白基因,并通过序列测定获得Shlj1株糖蛋白基因的核苷酸序列及氨基酸序列,利用Phyre2对Shlj1分离株的糖蛋白空间结构进行预测,使用DNAStar软件综合分析糖蛋白的柔性区域、亲水性、表面可能性和抗原指数参数。结果表明:获得的SVCV Shlj1株糖蛋白核苷酸序列长1527 bp,推导出其氨基酸序列为509aa;空间结构预测显示,SVCV Shlj1株糖蛋白存在一定数量的α-螺旋、β-折叠、β-转角及大量无规则卷曲结构,空间构象较规则;抗原指数及抗原表位指数分析显示,糖蛋白中存在许多抗原指数较高的区域,该区域平均抗原指数为1.025,最大值达1.250,其中5个区域(4~26、145~157、293~302、315~327、407~491氨基酸区段)可能是B细胞抗原表位的主要分布区域。本研究结果为SVCV糖蛋白表位疫苗的设计及单克隆抗体的制备奠定了理论基础。     

抗牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒囊膜gD糖蛋白的单链抗体在昆虫细胞中表达及活性检测

为了获得具有生物学活性的牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒（infectious bovine rhinotracheitis virus,IBRV） gD蛋白特异性单链抗体,试验采用PCR方法扩增杂交瘤细胞的cDNA单链抗体重链可变区（VH）和轻链可变区（VL）基因,通过重叠延伸PCR及Linker序列获得完整的单链抗体基因,将单链抗体基因克隆至杆状病毒载体pFB-LIC-Bse中,构建重组转移载体pFB-VH-VL,将其转化至大肠杆菌DH10Bac感受态细胞中制备重组杆粒rBacmid-VH-VL,将重组杆粒rBacmid-VH-VL转染至Sf9细胞中获得携带单链抗体基因的重组杆状病毒。该重组杆状病毒在Sf9细胞中表达了分子质量约为30 ku的单链抗体蛋白。Western blotting结果显示,重组单链抗体蛋白能被His标签抗体特异性结合,也能特异性结合gD蛋白。间接免疫荧光试验结果显示,该单链抗体蛋白能够识别感染牛肾细胞MDBK中的IBRV。本研究在昆虫细胞中成功表达了具有识别IBRV的gD蛋白特异性单链抗体,为牛传染性鼻气管炎的诊断与治疗奠定了基础。     

Research and development of a novel subunit vaccine for the currently circulating pseudorabies virus variant in China

Pseudorabies (PR) is a devastating viral disease which leads to fatal encephalitis and respiratory disorders in pigs. Commercial gE-deleted live pseudorabies virus (PRV) vaccine has been widely used to control this disease in China. However, the new-emerging variants of PRV compromises the protection provided by current vaccines and lead to the outbreak of PR in vaccinated pig herds. Several killed and live vaccine candidates based on current PRV variants have been reported to be effective to control the disease. A subunit vaccine based on gB protein, one major PRV glycoprotein which elicits strong humoral and cellular immune responses, however, was never evaluated for protection against the current circulating PRV variants. In this study, full-length PRV gB protein was successfully expressed in baculovirus/insect cells in the soluble format and was tested on 3-week-old piglets as a subunit vaccine. Compared with unvaccinated pigs, the gB-vaccinated pigs developed specific antibody-mediated responses and were protected from the virulent PRV HN1201 challenge. All vaccinated pigs survived without showing any PRV-specific respiratory and neurological signs, but all unvaccinated pigs died within 7 days after HN1201 challenge. Hence, this novel gB-based vaccine could be applied as an effective subunit vaccine to control PRV variant in China.     

鱼类传染性造血器官坏死病毒糖蛋白的酵母表面展示

糖蛋白(glycoprotein,G)是鱼类传染性造血器官坏死病毒的主要表面抗原,是病毒检测及疫苗研制的主要靶基因。为了对其进行酵母表面展示,本研究利用本实验室保存的含有IHNV-Sn1203毒株G基因的质粒为模板,PCR扩增富含抗原表位的糖蛋白基因片段后,连接酵母表面展示载体p YD1,构建重组质粒p YD1-G。将p YD1-G转化酿酒酵母EBY100细胞后,利用半乳糖诱导G蛋白的表达。利用细胞免疫荧光、Western Blotting及流式细胞仪检测酵母表面G蛋白的表达情况。细胞免疫荧光结果显示,转化了p YD1-G重组质粒的酵母细胞表面呈现出特异性荧光;Western Blotting结果显示,经半乳糖诱导后G蛋白在酵母细胞表面获得了成功表达;流式细胞仪检测结果表明,随着半乳糖诱导时间的增加,G蛋白的表达量随之增加,并在诱导48 h时达到峰值。以上研究表明G蛋白在酵母细胞表面获得了成功表达,本研究为以酵母为活载体的新型口服疫苗的研制奠定了基础。     

猪巨细胞病毒gB蛋白抗原表位富集区的表达和抗原性的分析

为表达猪巨细胞病毒(PCMV)gB基因,本研究根据GenBank登录的PCMV gB基因序列设计1对引物,以感染PCMV猪肺细胞总DNA为模板,采用PCR扩增得到gB基因片段,克隆于pMD-18T并进行核苷酸序列测定。利用DNAStar分析gB蛋白的抗原表位,选择抗原表位富集的2个基因片段(命名为PCMVgB1和PCMVgB2)分别克隆到原核表达载体pET-32a(+)中,构建重组表达质粒并转化Rosetta(DE3)宿主菌。结果显示:扩增的gB基因与GenBank登录的PCMV gB基因的核苷酸同源性在97.6%～98.9%之间,推导的氨基酸同源性在97%～98.6%之间。经IPTG诱导的含pET-gB1和pET-gB2重组质粒的宿主菌可表达重组gB1和gB2蛋白,SDS-PAGE显示分子量约为62ku和36ku。Western blot和间接ELISA结果表明,重组gB1和gB2蛋白均具有反应原性。     

牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒截短gB基因原核表达与间接ELISA诊断方法建立

用DNAstar-Protean分析牛传染性鼻气管炎病毒gB蛋白的亲水性、抗原性和表面展示概率,据IBRVgB全基因序列设计引物,PCR扩增编码385-550位氨基酸的基因序列。将目的片段克隆,酶切鉴定并测序鉴定后,定向连接到pET-28b载体上,转化表达菌DE3并诱导表达。经SDS-PAGE分析,获得大小约为21.4 ku的目的蛋白,与预测值相符。纯化后的蛋白浓度约为2.0 mg/mL,纯度为95.27%。间接ELISA及Western blotting证明,表达的目的蛋白具有抗原性。以该蛋白作为诊断抗原建立的间接ELISA诊断方法,确定的抗原包被量为50μg/mL,血清的最佳稀释倍数为50。与进口IBRV全毒ELISA抗体诊断试剂盒比较,特异性为92.3%、敏感性为93.8%、符合率为93.3%;试验结果表明该诊断方法具有良好的特异性和敏感性。