益生芽孢杆菌B.licheniformis29质粒Pbl29性质的研究

质粒pBL29为闭合环状质粒，酶切分析证明质粒pBL29有大量的单酶切位点，如EcoR I、Sma I、Hind Ⅲ、Bgt Ⅱ、Pst I、Xba I、BamH I等，并根据限制性酶切各片段的分子量作出了质粒pBL29的内切酶图谱。对质粒pBL29进行测序和分析，证明了其大小为3711bp，具有大量的单酶切位点、编码卡那霉素抗性基因以及富含A／T序列的复制起点。     

转基因抗虫彩色棉对棉蚜抗性的初步鉴定

将已获得的抗棉铃虫、蚜虫转基因 (Bt GNA)彩色棉纯合品 (株 )系进行了棉蚜抗性评价 ,包括罩笼接蚜试验和田间自然感蚜。结果表明 ,在天彩科技园 ,罩笼内抗虫转基因彩色棉蚜害指数减退率分别比受体对照品种减少 2 1 7%～ 30 43%,蚜体变小 ,蚜重减轻 ;罩笼外有蚜株率和卷叶株率比对照略有下降 ,蚜害指数减退率在 - 1 4 2 9%～ 5 4 1 6%之间。在卡尔墩彩色棉试验基地 ,在罩笼内抗虫转基因彩色棉蚜害指数减退率为 - 33 33%～ 5 8 34%;罩笼外有蚜株率和卷叶株率比对照略有下降 ,蚜害指数减退率在 - 2 7 76%～ 40 0 0 %之间。不同品种间棉蚜抗性有差异。     

Genetic analyses of resistance of the wheat differential cultivars Carstens V and Spaldings Prolific to two races of Puccinia striiformis

Genetic analysis of resistance of wheat seedlings to two races of Puccinia striiformis was conducted on F₁, F₂ and F₃ generations from crosses Carstens V (CV) × Lee, Spaldings Prolific (SPA) × Lee and CV × SPA. F₂ generations from crosses of CV and SPA with Strubes Dickkopf (SD) were also studied. The plants were classified into six resistance classes and analysed by factorial correspondence analysis and nonhierarchical classification. The two P. striiformis isolates tested were a French isolate of race 43E138 and a Lebanese isolate of race 2E16, selected for the differences in their virulence spectra for the common differential cultivars Strubes Dickkopf and Nord Desprez. Resistance of CV and SPA was recessive and dominant to races 43E138 and 2E16, respectively. CV possessed three or four resistance genes, one of them being expressed with both races. Two genes of CV had a cumulative effect for resistance to 43E138 and two or three gave dominant resistance to 2E16. SPA had three resistance genes, all of which gave resistance to 2E16 and two of which also gave resistance to 43E138. SPA had one gene in common with CV for resistance to both races. Furthermore, the gene for resistance to race 2E16 in CV and SPA was allelic with a gene in SD, and was probably Yr25 .     

Lack of biocontrol capacity in a non-pathogenic mutant of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fusarium oxysporum</Emphasis> f. sp. <Emphasis Type="Italic">melonis</Emphasis>

The aim of this study was to assess the biocontrol capacity of rev157, a non-pathogenic mutant of a pathogenic strain of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis (Fom24). Inoculated in association with the virulent parental strain, the mutant rev157 did not protect the host plant (muskmelon) against infection by Fom24. Applied on flax, a non-host plant, the mutant rev157 was not able to protect it against its specific pathogen F. oxysporum f. sp. lini. On the contrary the parental strain Fom24 did protect flax as well as a soil-borne biocontrol strain (Fo47). Since the mutant rev157 was affected neither in its growth in vitro nor in its capacity to penetrate into the roots, it can be speculated that the mutation has affected traits responsible for interactions within the plant. In F. oxysporum the pair of strains Fom24/rev157 is a good candidate to identify genes involved in the biocontrol capacity of F. oxysporum and to test the hypothesis of a link between capacity to induce the disease and capacity to induce resistance in the plant.     

Expression profiling of transgenes (Cry1Ac and Cry2A) in cotton genotypes under different genetic backgrounds

Transgenic cotton carrying the CrylAc gene has revolutionized insect pest control since its adoption,although the development of resistance in insect pests has reduced its efficacy.After 10 years of cultivating Bacillus thuringiensis(Bt) cotton with a single Cry1 Ac gene,growers are on the verge of adopting Bt cotton that carries the double gene(Cry1 Ac+Cry2 A) due to its better effectiveness against insect pests.Thus,the current study was designed to evaluate the role of each gene in the effect...     

拟南芥霜霉病抗性分子机制研究进展

随着近年分子生物学技术的发展与应用,植物霜霉病抗性的研究有了长足的进展。本文就拟南芥抗霜霉病基因的克隆与结构分析,抗病信号传导,防卫反应和系统获得抗性,以及寄主-寄生菌共进化冲突方面进行了综述,并就今后的研究进行了展望。     

Is the metabolic syndrome a useful clinical concept in dogs? A review of the evidence

The metabolic syndrome is a set of risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and stroke in human beings. The term has recently been applied to dogs that exhibit components of the human metabolic syndrome, specifically visceral obesity, hypercholesterolaemia, hypertriglyceridaemia, hypertension and fasting hyperglycaemia. Obese dogs, like obese humans, are known to develop resistance to the glucose-lowering effects of insulin, and develop increased circulating concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol and blood pressure. Unlike humans, however, obese dogs do not develop fasting hyperglycaemia or atherogenic hyperlipidaemia. Importantly, there is no evidence that dogs develop type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and stroke are rare and not known to be associated with obesity in dogs. On the basis of current knowledge, the use of the term ‘metabolic syndrome’ in dogs does not appear to have merit.     

恩诺沙星残留对土壤细菌耐药性的影响

兽药吸收进入动物机体后,少部分药物将残留于动物组织细胞内,而大部分药物将排泄出体外,最终进入生态环境中,且可能造成环境污染.为了了解恩诺沙星在环境中残留对土壤细菌耐药性的影响,本试验采用琼脂稀释法对土壤细菌进行了抗菌药物敏感性试验.结果表明,恩诺沙星对用药前分离的土壤优势细菌的MIC值都比较低,为0.008～2 μg/mL,对其中大多数细菌的MIC值为0.032～0.125 μg/mL;用药后分离的土壤细菌对恩诺沙星的敏感性降低,细菌对恩诺沙星的耐药率和耐药水平随土壤中药物浓度加大和时间的延长而明显增高.     

不同苜蓿种质材料对茎点霉叶斑病的抗性评价

为了明确不同苜蓿材料（Medicago Sativa）对茎点霉叶斑病的抗性,对来自国内外的30份苜蓿材料进行了苗期抗病性评价,采用紫外分光光度计比色法,对不同抗感病材料体内的苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性变化进行了研究。结果表明：不同苜蓿材料对茎点霉叶斑病的抗病性存在显著差异,各材料间病情指数（4.28~51.65）变化较大,其中抗病性最强的是来自内蒙的‘敖汉苜蓿’,感病性最强的是来自陕西的‘陕西苜蓿’,中抗材料有10份。接菌前,各材料间CAT,SOD活性差异显著（P<0.05）,而PAL活性差异不显著;接菌后,3种酶活性均比接菌前有所升高,CAT和PAL呈先增后减的趋势,SOD活性呈依次递减趋势;同一材料在接菌后第4,8,12天3种酶活性也表现显著性差异（P<0.05）。