蜘蛛毒素对人胃腺癌细胞株BGC-823增殖的抑制作用

为比较不同蜘蛛毒素对肿瘤细胞的抑制作用,采用四甲基偶氮唑盐比色法(MTT法)测定了不同浓度的虎纹单柄蛛(Ornithocton huwen)、海南单柄蛛(Ornithoctonus hainana)、敬钊缨毛蛛(Chilobrachy jingzhao)和雷氏大疣蛛(Macrothele raveni)4种蜘蛛毒素对人胃腺癌细胞株BGC-823的抑制作用。结果表明:4种蜘蛛毒素对人胃腺癌细胞株BGC-823的细胞增殖均有不同的抑制作用;同一蜘蛛毒素浓度越高抑瘤作用越好,蜘蛛毒素作用时间越长抑瘤效果越强,量效关系和时效关系良好;不同蜘蛛毒素对BGC-823细胞增殖的抑制作用效果不同,以敬钊缨毛蛛毒素作用最强,IC50为0.109μg/μL。     

多环芳烃污染土壤表面活性剂清洗及生物柴油强化

针对某焦化厂内高浓度多环芳烃污染土壤,以烷基苷(APG)、十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)和曲拉通X-100(TX100)为表面活性剂代表物,采用静态平衡法和高效液相色谱分析,探索采用单一及混合表面活性剂清洗修复多环芳烃污染土壤,并考察生物柴油对多环芳烃去除效果的影响。结果表明,单一表面活性剂对土壤中多环芳烃去除率顺序为SDBS>APG>TX100。APG/SDBS混合处理及TX100/SDBS为9∶1混合处理提高了土壤中多环芳烃去除率,而APG/TX100混合处理没能提高多环芳烃去除率。生物柴油对TX100及TX100/SDBS去除多环芳烃效果没有明显提高,对APG及APG/TX100去除多环芳烃略有提高。当APG/SDBS为9∶1时,生物柴油可以使多环芳烃去除率从(63.3±2.0)%提高到(75.6±2.0)%。单一表面活性剂、混合表面活性剂、及表面活性剂-生物柴油乳液对多环芳烃各组分去除率比较类似,对菲的去除率最高,茚并[1,2,3-d]芘次之,其余相对较低。因此,建议采用APG/SDBS+生物柴油的混合体系对高浓度多环芳烃污染土壤进行修复。     

塿土对阴－非离子表面活性剂的吸附特征研究

以平衡吸附法研究了塿土对阴离子表面活性剂(SDS)、非离子表面活性剂(TritonX-100、Tween80和Brij35)的吸附特征,考察了pH、阴-非离子表面活性剂混合对塿土吸附表面活性剂的影响.结果表明,非离子表面活性剂在填土上吸附等温线均呈L型,且均符合Freundlich和Langmuir方程;壤土对SDS的吸附等温线呈LS型,可用Freundlich方程来描述;塿土对4种表面活性剂吸附量的大小顺序为Tween80＞SDS＞Brij35＞TfitonX-100.当阴-非离子表面活性剂一起进入土壤中,SDS-Brij35之间的相互影响不大;TritonX-100与SDS相互作用较大,无论二者以何种方式混合都会使TritonX-100在壤土上的吸附量增加,SDS的吸附量下降;SDS与Tween80之间的相互作用最大,混合后吸附量均下降,但Tween80吸附量降低的幅度最大.pH对非离子表面活性剂的吸附影响不大,而随着pH的增加,塿土对SDS的吸附百分率明显下降;在pH为8.0时,填土对非离子表面活性剂的吸附百分率达到80%以上.因此在选择合适的表面活性剂进行有机污染土壤修复和治理时,考虑土壤的特性和表面活性剂的结构是非常重要的.     

双季铵盐型表面活性剂的吸附特性研究

以研究双季铵盐型表面活性剂BQAS吸附特性为目的,从溶液表面张力随浓度的变化、饱和吸附量等方面研究了双季铵盐BQAS的气液界面吸附特性;用双季铵盐BQAS和砂岩体系,在液固比一定时,从时间、浓度对静态吸附量的影响方面研究了双季铵盐BQAS的液固界面吸附特性。试验结果表明,双季铵盐BQAS能显著降低溶液表面张力,在溶液表面的饱和吸附量为1·58×10-6mol·m-2;在液固比为50∶1时,双季铵盐BQAS在砂岩表面(40~80目)的吸附最低平衡时间为90min,饱和吸附量为2·13×10-5mol·g-1,具有良好的表面活性。     

阴离子-非离子两性表面活性剂的合成

阴离子-非离子表面活性剂既能抗盐又能耐温,可以用于高温高盐油藏提高采收率。以OP-10为原料,利用 L 酸等对其进行化学改性,合成了阴离子-非离子两性表面活性剂。采用正交试验优化了合成条件,并评价了合成产品的界面活性。结果表明,合成的阴离子-非离子两性表面活性剂具有较好的抗盐性和较高的界面活性。     

γ闪烁显像测定固体食物实验餐的胃排空时间

本研究利用~(99m)Tc标记717树脂制备符合生理条件的固体实验餐对10例正常人和25例慢性萎缩性胃炎、10例甲亢、5例甲减病人行胃排空时间(GET)测定。结果表明~(99m)Tc标记717树脂核素检查法稳定性好、重复性佳,是合乎生理性的胃运动功能检查法。本实验餐制备简单,便于推广。慢性萎缩性胃炎(GET1/2 62.89±9.13min)较正常对照组(GET1/2 51.62±3.69min)胃排空延迟(P<0.01);甲亢(GET1/2 35.12±10.09min)排空增快(P<0.01)、甲减(GET1/281.86±14.45min)排空延迟(P<0.01)。     

一种松香基阴离子表面活性剂的合成与性能研究

以脱氢枞酸(DA)和6-氨基己酸为原料,经酰氯化、酰胺化和皂化等反应合成了一种松香基阴离子表面活性剂6-脱氢枞酰胺基己酸钠(R-6).首先利用二维核磁技术对脱氢枞酸的氢谱和碳谱信号进行了全面解析,并用1 H NMR和FT-IR确证了终产品的结构,进一步考查了R-6的溶解性能、表面张力和泡沫性能.研究结果表明:在室温下,...     

THE SCINTIGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF SOLID PHASE GASTRIC EMPTYING IN NORMAL CATS

The gastric emptying half-time of solid food in normal cats was determined using a scintigraphic technique. ^99mTc-sulfur colloid was applied to dry food. Sequential images were acquired post prandial, and the gastric emptying half-time was determined for several different acquisition and processing parameters. Good correlation was found between different acquisition and processing methods, some of which made use of edge detection applications, while others used different views, or number of views from which the gastric emptying half-time was calculated. The mean ± standard deviation, (range) and median of the gastric emptying half-time determined using the geometric mean of total counts in hand-drawn regions of interest from the lateral and ventral images were 2.47 × 0.71, (1.42–3.61) and 2.37 hours respectably.     

Improvement of the emulsifying properties of porcine sarcoplasmic proteins with a low-molecular weight surfactant by the two-step emulsification method

The emulsifying properties of porcine sarcoplasmic protein (SP) with or without low-molecular weight surfactants were examined. The emulsifying activity (EA) of SP was weaker than that of sodium caseinate (CA), blood plasma (BP) and whey protein isolates at a protein concentration of 0.5–3%. Sodium chloride decreased the EA of SP. The EA of SP was about one quarter that of CA in the presence of 3% sodium chloride. As homogenization time increased, the EAs of SP and BP decreased. The EA of SP was not influenced by sucrose stearate ester (SE) with a hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value of 16 (SE-16) but was decreased by those with HLB values of 5 and 1. Low-molecular weight surfactants such as SE-16, Tween 80 and sodium cholate improved the EA of SP with the two-step emulsification method: corn oil was previously emulsified with the surfactant before addition of SP and homogenization. In the case of the addition of SE-16 as primary emulsifier, the EA was about twice as high as that of SP alone. The same effect was shown in the emulsions formed by CA and soy protein isolate. These results indicate that the emulsifying properties of meat protein would be improved by the addition of a low-molecular weight surfactant in a two-step emulsification.     

Trichophytobezoar duodenal obstruction in New World camelids

OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical findings, surgical treatment, and outcome associated with trichophytobezoar duodenal obstruction in New World camelids. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. ANIMALS: Alpacas (7) and 1 llama. METHODS: Historical and clinical data were obtained from the medical records of New World camelids with a diagnosis of trichophytobezoar duodenal obstruction confirmed by surgical exploration or necropsy. RESULTS: Seven camelids were <1 year old. Abnormal clinical findings included anorexia, reduced fecal output, recumbency, colic, abdominal distension, regurgitation, decreased serum chloride concentration, increased serum bicarbonate concentration, and/or elevated first gastric compartment chloride concentration. Survey abdominal radiographs obtained (4 animals) revealed gastric distension (4) and/or visualization of the obstruction (2). Diagnosis was confirmed at necropsy (1) or surgery (7). Right paracostal celiotomy was performed on all animals and duodenotomy (3) or retropulsion of the trichophytobezoar combined with third compartment gastrotomy (4) was used to remove the obstruction. Six animals survived to discharge and 5 were healthy at follow-up, 8-20 months later. The remaining discharged alpaca was healthy at 12 months but subsequently died of unrelated causes. CONCLUSIONS: Diagnosis of trichophytobezoar duodenal obstruction should be considered in juvenile New World camelids with abdominal distension and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Right paracostal celiotomy can be used for access to the descending duodenum and third gastric compartment for surgical relief of obstruction. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Duodenal obstruction from bezoars should be considered in New World camelids <1year of age with abdominal distension and hypochloremic metabolic alkalosis. Surgical relief of the obstruction by right paracostal celiotomy has a good prognosis.