基于悬垂平板偏转角的明渠流量估算模型及验证

针对平板量水设施缺乏适用性广泛的流量计算模型,该文从2个角度提出流量估算模型,首先分析绕轴自由旋转薄平板在水中的受力,根据升力简化为竖直方向静水压力设想,提出压力体计算假设,根据动量定理与力矩平衡公式得到了流量、角度、水深三者的理论关系式,通过U型和矩形渠道进行试验,验证假设合理性;根据闸孔出流流量公式针对矩形渠道建立闸孔出流半径验计算模型,拟合得出半径验流量公式。对于第1种模型,对于U型渠道,2种压力体假设均适用于流量计算,除流量小于10 L/s时,相对误差超过10%,其他均小于10%,流量大于17 L/s时误差均在5%左右;对于矩形渠道,仅假设1适用流量计算,假设2不成立,应用假设1计算压力体时,当流量较小(10 L/s左右)时的个别工况误差会偏大,大部分工况下计算误差均小于10%;对于闸孔出流计算模型,计算流量与实测流量之间最大误差不超过18%,大部分工况下计算误差在10%以下。当悬垂薄平板与明渠横断面等大时,来流量与偏转角度存在单值对应关系,角度随着来流量的增大而增大;同一流量下,板前后水深比、板前与下游水深比分别与偏转角度呈现出单独的函数关系,板前后水深比、板前与下游水深比随着平板偏转角度的增大而减小,但减小幅度变缓。对于不同流量,板前后水深比、板前与下游水深比随着角度增大而增大,但增大幅度变缓。研究可为灌区量水设施设计及应用提供新思路。     

三物白散对Survivin-RNA基因沉默转染胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡、迁移的影响

目的 探讨三物白散对Survivin-RNA基因沉默转染胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡、迁移的影响。方法 将实验分成6组：空白对照组、LV-RNAi 组、Survivin-RNAi-LV组、空白对照+中药组、LV-RNAi+中药组、Survivin-RNAi-LV+中药组;采用流式细胞仪检测各组细胞的凋亡,划痕实验检测各组细胞的迁移能力。结果 细胞凋亡率：Survivin-RNAi-LV组明显高于空白对照组和LV-RNAi组（P<0.05）;Survivin-RNAi-LV+中药组与空白对照+中药组、LV-RNAi+中药组比较明显较高（P<0.05）;Survivin-RNAi-LV+中药组高于Survivin-RNAi-LV组,差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。胃癌细胞的24 h迁移率：Survivin-RNAi-LV组明显低于空白对照组和LV-RNAi组（P<0.05）;Survivin-RNAi-LV+中药组与空白对照+中药组、LV-RNAi+中药组比较,其结果明显低于后两组（P<0.05）;Survivin-RNAi -LV+中药组与Survivin-RNAi-LV组比较,细胞迁移率明显降低,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 Survivin基因沉默转染,增强了三物白散诱导胃癌SGC-7901细胞凋亡和抑制其迁移的作用。     

牛食道阻塞防治

牛食道阻塞又被称为食道梗塞,是因为食道中被大块食物堵塞,难以下咽所引发的一种急性食道疾病。按照阻塞程度的不同划分为完全阻塞和不完全阻塞2种。按照阻塞部位的不同可以划分为颈部食道阻塞、胸部食道阻塞和腹部食道阻塞3种。因阻塞性质和阻塞程度不同,会继发不同程度的瘤胃臌气。牛食道阻塞具有发病急、发病突然、发病过程快、致死率高的特点,发生后如果不能立即采取措施抢救,患病牛在短时间内会死亡。为提高食道阻塞救治成功率,该文主要探讨牛食道阻塞的诊断和防治过程。     

朱顶红无菌苗叶片高效再生体系

以朱顶红（Hippeastrum vittatum）叶片为外植体进行离体培养，具有取材方便、试材充足、成本低等优势，但叶片诱导再生率极低，是朱顶红离体培养的一大难题。本试验中分别以‘花孔雀’和‘黑天鹅’朱顶红无菌苗叶片为外植体，探究了不同植物生长调节剂和不同取材部位对不定芽诱导和继代增殖的影响。结果表明：最佳外植体为 MS 培养基中培养 10 d 形成的幼嫩叶片基部（0.5 cm），在光照 16 h · d-1（光照强度 36 μmol · m-2 · s-1）下，不定芽诱导的最适培养基为 MS + 2 mg · L-1 6-BA + 1 mg · L-1 NAA + 2 mg · L-1 TDZ，两个品种的不定芽均以间接途径发生，其中‘花孔雀’在培养 40 d 后形成愈伤组织，55 d形成不定芽，诱导率可达 69.44%；‘黑天鹅’在培养 45 d 后形成愈伤组织，65 d 形成不定芽，诱导率达到 66.67%；最适体细胞胚诱导培养基为 MS + 2 mg · L-1 6-BA + 1 mg · L-1 PIC，‘花孔雀’和‘黑天鹅’的诱导率分别达到 66.67%和 63.89%；最佳不定芽增殖培养基为 MS + 2 mg · L-1 6-BA + 1 mg · L-1 NAA + 1 mg · L-1 TDZ，‘花孔雀’和‘黑天鹅’的增殖系数分别达到 4.67 和 3.46；在不添加植物生长调节剂的 MS培养基中进行生根培养，30 d 后两个品种的生根率均达到 100%；将生根培养 30 d 的小植株转移至室温条件下放置 3 d，摘去封口膜再驯化 3 d 后，移栽至经高温消毒的草炭︰蛭石（体积比）为 1︰1 的基质中，成活率达到 100%     

不同酿酒酵母体外模拟胃肠道内环境适应性研究

本研究旨在考察不同酿酒酵母菌株在体外模拟胃肠道内环境的适应性,为饲用酿酒酵母的科学使用提供理论依据。试验选择4株酿酒酵母菌株Sc1、Sc2、Sc3、Sc4分别开展:(1)37℃生长试验;(2)酸性酵母膏胨葡萄糖(YPD)肉汤中适应性生长试验;(3)人工胃液耐受性试验;(4)人工肠液耐受性试验。结果显示:Sc2在37℃具有较好的生长适应性,Sc4能够达到最大活菌数;pH3.0和pH4.0的YPD肉汤中4株酿酒酵母都能正常增殖,酿酒酵母Sc2、Sc3、Sc4酸耐受性优于Sc1;各菌株的商品化活性干酵母在人工胃液和人工肠液中2h存活率均高于50%,4h存活率高于45%,Sc4在模拟人工胃液中的耐受性最好,Sc3在模拟人工肠液中的耐受性最好。综上所述,不同酿酒酵母在体外模拟胃肠道内环境的适应性不同,酿酒酵母Sc2、Sc3、Sc4比酿酒酵母Sc1具有更好的胃肠道环境耐受性。     

p38MAPK expression and apoptosis in the rat unilateral ureteral obstruction model

AIM: To investigate the expression of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) in the kidney after unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) in rats and the functional role of it on apoptosis and fibrosis.METHODS: Eighteen Wistar rats underwent UUO were killed at 3, 7, 14 days. Additional 7 rats were sham operated. Histological changes were observed by HE and Masson staining. Immunohistochemistry study was performed on renal tissue for proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Apoptotic cells were determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase- mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and the electrophoresis analysis of genomic DNA. Western blotting of cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase-3 (caspase-3), p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK were measured.RESULTS: UUO induced a significant increase in renal tubular and interstitial cell apoptosis, immunohistochemistry of PCNA and Western blotting of caspase-3, p-p38MAPK as well as severe morphology changes. However, there was no significant difference between UUO and the control in Western blotting of p38MAPK.CONCLUSION: An in vivo model of renal fibrosis after UUO demonstrates that activated or phosphorylated p38MAPK plays a role in apoptosis of renal tubulointerstitial cells.     

Utility of two‐view vs. three‐view abdominal radiography in canines presenting with acute abdominal signs

There are clear differences in the normal radiographic appearance of the abdominal organs between a left lateral vs. a right lateral view. While a few veterinary academic institutions have transitioned to a three‐view abdominal radiographic study protocol, obtaining only two views of the canine abdomen remains the current standard in veterinary medicine. In this combined retrospective and prospective, case‐controlled study, 48 canine patients presenting with signs of acute abdomen were recruited. Four board‐certified veterinary radiologists and four general practice veterinarians with greater than 3 years of experience in small animal practice were asked to determine if 10 predetermined findings were present within the set of images and if surgery was recommended based on those findings. Image readers were unaware of the clinical history. Three‐view studies did not yield statistically significantly greater accuracy than two‐view studies when evaluating all readers together. No statistically significant associations between the availability of the third view and increased accuracy or confidence were found in evaluations of general practitioners specifically. Evaluation of three‐view radiographic examination, as compared to two‐view examination, did not have perceived or statistically significantly increased diagnostic utility. Based on our findings, there is no statistically increased utility to justify a standard three‐view abdominal radiographic examination over a two‐view study for canines presenting with signs of acute abdomen.